{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408499730","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/int/6914757","title":"Deep Convolutional Network\u2010Based Probabilistic Selection Approach for Multiclassification of Brain Tumors Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging","display_name":"Deep Convolutional Network\u2010Based Probabilistic Selection Approach for Multiclassification of Brain Tumors Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408499730","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/int/6914757"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/int/6914757","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/int/6914757","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1155/int/6914757","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57950554","display_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"0884-8173","issn":["0884-8173","1098-111X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1155/int/6914757","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019699326","display_name":"Rajat Mehrotra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7170-4895"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191972202","display_name":"Amity University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n9z0v62","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191972202"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126505","display_name":"Amity University","ror":"https://ror.org/02exxtn84","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191972202","https://openalex.org/I4210126505"]}],"countries":["AE","IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajat Mehrotra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Examination and Analysis ,  Amity University ,  Noida ,  India ,  amity.edu"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7170-4895","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Examination and Analysis ,  Amity University ,  Noida ,  India ,  amity.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191972202","https://openalex.org/I4210126505"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101473030","display_name":"M A Ansari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0896-7238"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72769676","display_name":"Gautam Buddha University","ror":"https://ror.org/026cfwd52","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72769676"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. A. Ansari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering ,  School of Engineering ,  Gautam Buddha University ,  Greater Noida ,  India ,  gbu.ac.in"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering ,  School of Engineering ,  Gautam Buddha University ,  Greater Noida ,  India ,  gbu.ac.in","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72769676"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016702627","display_name":"Rajeev Agrawal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5415-5230"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129773","display_name":"Institute of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/03ny67e60","country_code":"NP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155028946","https://openalex.org/I4210129773"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajeev Agrawal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science ,  Llyod Institute of Engineering & Technology ,  Greater Noida ,  India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science ,  Llyod Institute of Engineering & Technology ,  Greater Noida ,  India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129773"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012360964","display_name":"Md Belal Bin Heyat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5307-9582"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133055985","display_name":"Westlake University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hfa4n20","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133055985"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Md Belal Bin Heyat","raw_affiliation_strings":["CenBRAIN Neurotech Centre of Excellence ,  School of Engineering ,  Westlake University ,  Hangzhou ,  310030 , Zhejiang,  China ,  westlake.edu.cn"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5307-9582","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CenBRAIN Neurotech Centre of Excellence ,  School of Engineering ,  Westlake University ,  Hangzhou ,  310030 , Zhejiang,  China ,  westlake.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133055985"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071654536","display_name":"Pragati Tripathi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2770-2390"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72769676","display_name":"Gautam Buddha University","ror":"https://ror.org/026cfwd52","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72769676"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pragati Tripathi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering ,  School of Engineering ,  Gautam Buddha University ,  Greater Noida ,  India ,  gbu.ac.in"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering ,  School of Engineering ,  Gautam Buddha University ,  Greater Noida ,  India ,  gbu.ac.in","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72769676"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093735855","display_name":"Eram Sayeed","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I886702836","display_name":"Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University","ror":"https://ror.org/004wf8x96","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I886702836"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eram Sayeed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Triveni Rai Kisan Mahila Mahavidyalaya ,  Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University , Kushinagar,  Gorakhpur ,  India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Triveni Rai Kisan Mahila Mahavidyalaya ,  Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University , Kushinagar,  Gorakhpur ,  India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I886702836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074006898","display_name":"Saba Parveen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4520-3014"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saba Parveen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronics and Information Engineering ,  Shenzhen University ,  Shenzhen ,  China ,  szu.edu.cn"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronics and Information Engineering ,  Shenzhen University ,  Shenzhen ,  China ,  szu.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064788987","display_name":"John Irish G. Lira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5629-7905"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129360473","display_name":"University of Manila","ror":"https://ror.org/04c9af145","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129360473"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090490","display_name":"National University","ror":"https://ror.org/000a8qk84","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5791819","display_name":"University of the Philippines Manila","ror":"https://ror.org/01rrczv41","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103911934","https://openalex.org/I5791819"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79905719","display_name":"De La Salle University \u2013 Dasmari\u00f1as","ror":"https://ror.org/03a39dd69","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79905719"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Irish G. Lira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dasmarinas Graduate School ,  De La Salle University , Dasmarinas,  Cavite ,  Philippines ,  dlsu.edu.ph","Department of Mathematics ,  National University Manila ,  Manila ,  Philippines"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dasmarinas Graduate School ,  De La Salle University , Dasmarinas,  Cavite ,  Philippines ,  dlsu.edu.ph","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79905719"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics ,  National University Manila ,  Manila ,  Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5791819","https://openalex.org/I4210090490","https://openalex.org/I3129360473"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075851967","display_name":"Hadaate Ullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5822-7951"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91090688","display_name":"University of Science and Technology Chittagong","ror":"https://ror.org/00w9tx359","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91090688"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hadaate Ullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,  University of Science and Technology Chittagong ,  Chittagong ,  Bangladesh ,  ustc.ac.bd"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5822-7951","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,  University of Science and Technology Chittagong ,  Chittagong ,  Bangladesh ,  ustc.ac.bd","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91090688"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":6,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012360964","https://openalex.org/A5075851967"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133055985","https://openalex.org/I91090688"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2500},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2500},"fwci":2.9599,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90323786,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2025","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6831014156341553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6641104817390442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.6635690927505493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6422004699707031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-resonance-imaging","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","score":0.608086884021759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.5664345026016235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.43011602759361267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.12868520617485046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.09699121117591858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6831014156341553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6641104817390442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.6635690927505493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6422004699707031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.608086884021759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5664345026016235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.43011602759361267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.12868520617485046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.09699121117591858}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/int/6914757","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/int/6914757","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1155/int/6914757","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57950554","display_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"0884-8173","issn":["0884-8173","1098-111X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/int/6914757","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/int/6914757","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1155/int/6914757","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57950554","display_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"0884-8173","issn":["0884-8173","1098-111X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4408499730.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4408499730.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1618587350","https://openalex.org/W1985213644","https://openalex.org/W1993473032","https://openalex.org/W2035098775","https://openalex.org/W2086598381","https://openalex.org/W2116531017","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2274287116","https://openalex.org/W2323929895","https://openalex.org/W2366536035","https://openalex.org/W2531409750","https://openalex.org/W2588978745","https://openalex.org/W2620727918","https://openalex.org/W2755012395","https://openalex.org/W2779494124","https://openalex.org/W2780099243","https://openalex.org/W2801370692","https://openalex.org/W2894511130","https://openalex.org/W2897188827","https://openalex.org/W2898197178","https://openalex.org/W2900530921","https://openalex.org/W2909533222","https://openalex.org/W2910121883","https://openalex.org/W2916892496","https://openalex.org/W2945989246","https://openalex.org/W2955805844","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2964350391","https://openalex.org/W3013699712","https://openalex.org/W3031839920","https://openalex.org/W3045522357","https://openalex.org/W3047434002","https://openalex.org/W3049587623","https://openalex.org/W3084741591","https://openalex.org/W3100321043","https://openalex.org/W3105081694","https://openalex.org/W3173182123","https://openalex.org/W3175625159","https://openalex.org/W4206174637","https://openalex.org/W4206841660","https://openalex.org/W4206966126","https://openalex.org/W4220668379","https://openalex.org/W4224271142","https://openalex.org/W4224932948","https://openalex.org/W4236965008","https://openalex.org/W4321851617","https://openalex.org/W4388190812","https://openalex.org/W4388299763"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391621807","https://openalex.org/W2943623134","https://openalex.org/W2494523064","https://openalex.org/W2257755506","https://openalex.org/W4321487865","https://openalex.org/W4313906399","https://openalex.org/W3021493803","https://openalex.org/W4391621790","https://openalex.org/W2215759665","https://openalex.org/W2030292806"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,69,129,189,223],"human":[1],"brain\u2019s":[2],"computer\u2010assisted":[3],"prognosis":[4],"(CAP)":[5],"system":[6,79],"relies":[7],"heavily":[8],"on":[9,81,210],"the":[10,19,42,48,63,94,97,101,121,125,133,138,160,164,186,200,216,220,237,241],"self\u2010regulating":[11],"characterization":[12],"of":[13,21,100,124,149,178,185,197,219,243],"tumors.":[14],"Despite":[15],"being":[16],"extensively":[17],"researched,":[18],"classification":[20,127,195,230],"brain":[22,57,76,211,233],"tumors":[23,58,234],"into":[24,141],"meningioma,":[25],"glioma,":[26],"and":[27,52,85,112,144,152,172,181,203,235],"pituitary":[28],"types":[29,140],"using":[30],"magnetic":[31],"resonance":[32],"(MR)":[33],"images":[34],"presents":[35],"significant":[36],"challenges.":[37],"Although":[38],"biopsies":[39],"are":[40,107],"currently":[41],"gold":[43],"standard":[44],"for":[45,50,155,183,232],"evaluating":[46],"tumors,":[47],"need":[49],"noninvasive":[51,75],"accurate":[53],"methods":[54],"to":[55,62,72,119,214,239],"grade":[56],"is":[59,71,167],"increasing":[60],"due":[61],"risks":[64],"associated":[65],"with":[66,114],"invasive":[67],"biopsies.":[68],"objective":[70],"introduce":[73],"a":[74,115,147],"tumor":[77,139,157,165],"grading":[78],"based":[80],"MR":[82],"imaging":[83],"(MRI)":[84],"deep":[86,104],"learning":[87],"(DL)":[88],"utilizing":[89],"probabilistic":[90,116,225],"selection":[91,117,226],"techniques.":[92,205],"In":[93],"proposed":[95,126,134,190,221],"method,":[96],"best":[98],"three":[99,187],"seven":[102],"state\u2010of\u2010the\u2010art":[103,201],"convolutional":[105],"networks":[106],"chosen":[108],"after":[109],"extensive":[110],"experimentation":[111],"combined":[113],"technique":[118,227],"enhance":[120],"overall":[122,194],"performance":[123,218],"model.":[128],"results":[130,231],"elucidate":[131],"that":[132],"model":[135,191],"successfully":[136],"classifies":[137],"Glioma,":[142],"Meningioma,":[143],"Pituitary":[145],"achieving":[146],"sensitivity":[148],"0.928,":[150],"0.939,":[151],"0.992,":[153],"respectively":[154,174],"each":[156,184],"type.":[158],"Also,":[159],"precision":[161],"in":[162],"classifying":[163],"classes":[166],"attained":[168],"as":[169],"0.969,":[170],"0.932,":[171],"0.957,":[173],"claiming":[175],"an":[176,193],"accuracy":[177,196],"0.966,":[179],"0.956,":[180],"0.983":[182],"classes.":[188],"achieved":[192],"96.06%,":[198],"surpassing":[199],"advanced":[202],"sophisticated":[204],"Extensive":[206],"experiments":[207],"were":[208],"performed":[209],"MRI":[212],"datasets":[213],"demonstrate":[215],"enhanced":[217],"approach.":[222],"suggested":[224],"yielded":[228],"promising":[229],"exhibited":[236],"potential":[238],"leverage":[240],"strengths":[242],"various":[244],"models.":[245]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T14:07:55.174380","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
