{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391805806","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/2775236","title":"Conceptualizing Discussions on the Dark Web: An Empirical Topic Modeling Approach","display_name":"Conceptualizing Discussions on the Dark Web: An Empirical Topic Modeling Approach","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-02-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391805806","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/2775236"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2024/2775236","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/2775236","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2024/2775236.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2024/2775236.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045698766","display_name":"Randa Basheer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7728-971X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131370203","display_name":"Syrian Virtual University","ror":"https://ror.org/043vmz451","country_code":"SY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131370203"]}],"countries":["SY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Randa Basheer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information Technology and Communications, Syrian Virtual University, Damascus, Syria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7728-971X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology and Communications, Syrian Virtual University, Damascus, Syria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131370203"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060261606","display_name":"Bassel Alkhatib","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7589-2021"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I875646752","display_name":"Damascus University","ror":"https://ror.org/03m098d13","country_code":"SY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I875646752"]}],"countries":["SY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bassel Alkhatib","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Informatics Engineering, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7589-2021","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Informatics Engineering, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I875646752"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045698766"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131370203"],"apc_list":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"apc_paid":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"fwci":0.746,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72135117,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"2024","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"24"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12519","display_name":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12519","display_name":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13910","display_name":"Computational and Text Analysis Methods","score":0.9904000163078308,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3300","display_name":"General Social Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12380","display_name":"Authorship Attribution and Profiling","score":0.9837999939918518,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5970206260681152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-web","display_name":"Deep Web","score":0.45814818143844604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.4034096300601959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.342987060546875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.32320988178253174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.20608147978782654}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5970206260681152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46721378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221989","display_name":"Deep Web","level":3,"score":0.45814818143844604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4034096300601959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.342987060546875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.32320988178253174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.20608147978782654}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2024/2775236","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/2775236","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2024/2775236.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:hin:complx:2775236","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2024/2775236.xml","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:858aac26cff34846b757e87ba27194be","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/858aac26cff34846b757e87ba27194be","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Complexity, Vol 2024 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2024/2775236","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/2775236","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2024/2775236.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7200000286102295,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391805806.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2016196732","https://openalex.org/W2038043464","https://openalex.org/W2112050062","https://openalex.org/W2130339025","https://openalex.org/W2411742801","https://openalex.org/W2596771357","https://openalex.org/W2755558918","https://openalex.org/W2755642197","https://openalex.org/W2780498947","https://openalex.org/W2784194212","https://openalex.org/W2790979562","https://openalex.org/W2883522050","https://openalex.org/W2890842057","https://openalex.org/W2894652650","https://openalex.org/W2898682859","https://openalex.org/W2899875991","https://openalex.org/W2906760491","https://openalex.org/W2907254481","https://openalex.org/W2907477258","https://openalex.org/W2912651257","https://openalex.org/W2948412981","https://openalex.org/W2963034284","https://openalex.org/W2969695252","https://openalex.org/W2969961168","https://openalex.org/W2988301529","https://openalex.org/W2990783770","https://openalex.org/W3006112430","https://openalex.org/W3012090571","https://openalex.org/W3017389197","https://openalex.org/W3033706928","https://openalex.org/W3036644138","https://openalex.org/W3039324320","https://openalex.org/W3043222912","https://openalex.org/W3093511169","https://openalex.org/W3110119744","https://openalex.org/W3111578910","https://openalex.org/W3128702121","https://openalex.org/W3204869111","https://openalex.org/W3214577518","https://openalex.org/W4200067128","https://openalex.org/W4200158199","https://openalex.org/W4206416341","https://openalex.org/W4206729245","https://openalex.org/W4231510805","https://openalex.org/W4306377799","https://openalex.org/W4307321238","https://openalex.org/W6639619044","https://openalex.org/W6679482899","https://openalex.org/W6765362104","https://openalex.org/W6770772007","https://openalex.org/W7033260006"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2037906003","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2478288626","https://openalex.org/W1551575434","https://openalex.org/W4300526709"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Social":[0],"networks":[1,53,64,92,109,132,243],"on":[2,51,65,83,87,103,110,133,244,269],"the":[3,25,56,66,77,88,111,128,134,143,147,166,178,193,196,206,214,224,228,237,245,270],"Internet":[4],"have":[5],"become":[6,31],"a":[7,32,70,124,262],"home":[8],"that":[9,45],"attracts":[10],"all":[11],"types":[12,47],"of":[13,48,73,130,195,199,252],"human":[14],"thinking":[15,74],"to":[16,36,95,158,205,226],"exchange":[17,96],"knowledge":[18,39],"and":[19,21,40,54,79,85,97,101,155,164,174,190,217,234,254],"ideas":[20],"share":[22],"businesses.":[23],"On":[24],"other":[26],"hand,":[27],"it":[28,42],"has":[29],"also":[30],"source":[33],"for":[34,126,146,201,265],"researchers":[35,260],"analyze":[37],"this":[38,120],"frame":[41],"in":[43,116,232,236,241],"patterns":[44,231,268],"define":[46],"thoughts":[49],"circulating":[50],"these":[52],"representing":[55],"communities":[57],"around":[58,76],"them.":[59],"In":[60,119],"particular,":[61],"some":[62],"social":[63,108,131,242],"Dark":[67,89,112,135,246,271],"Web":[68,113,136],"attract":[69],"special":[71],"kind":[72],"centered":[75],"malicious":[78],"illegal":[80],"activities":[81],"disseminated":[82],"websites":[84],"marketplaces":[86],"Web.":[90,272],"These":[91],"involve":[93],"discussions":[94],"discourse":[98],"information,":[99],"tips,":[100],"advice":[102],"performing":[104],"such":[105],"business.":[106],"Studying":[107],"is":[114],"still":[115],"its":[117],"infancy.":[118],"paper,":[121],"we":[122,212],"present":[123],"methodology":[125,264],"analyzing":[127,266],"content":[129],"using":[137],"topic":[138,148,159,169,181],"modeling":[139,149,160],"methods.":[140],"We":[141,162,176],"demonstrate":[142],"needed":[144],"stages":[145],"process,":[150],"beginning":[151],"with":[152,261],"data":[153],"preprocessing":[154],"feature":[156],"extraction":[157],"algorithms.":[161],"utilize":[163],"discuss":[165,177,213],"following":[167,179],"four":[168,180],"models:":[170],"LDA,":[171],"CTM,":[172],"PAM,":[173],"PTM.":[175],"coherence":[182],"measures":[183],"as":[184,250],"evaluation":[185],"metrics:":[186],"UMass,":[187],"UCI,":[188],"CNPMI,":[189],"CV,":[191],"demonstrating":[192],"selection":[194],"best":[197],"number":[198],"topics":[200,249],"each":[202],"model":[203],"according":[204],"most":[207],"coherent":[208],"produced":[209],"topics.":[210],"Furthermore,":[211],"limitations,":[215],"challenges,":[216],"future":[218],"work.":[219],"Our":[220],"proposed":[221],"approach":[222],"highlights":[223],"ability":[225],"discover":[227],"latent":[229],"thematic":[230],"conversations":[233],"messages":[235],"common":[238],"language":[239],"used":[240],"Web,":[247],"constructing":[248],"groups":[251],"terms":[253],"their":[255],"associations.":[256],"This":[257],"paper":[258],"provides":[259],"leading":[263],"thought":[267]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
