{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2171838738","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/s1110865702000653","title":"Systematic Design of Space-Time Trellis Codes for Diversity and Coding Advantages","display_name":"Systematic Design of Space-Time Trellis Codes for Diversity and Coding Advantages","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-03-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2171838738","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/s1110865702000653","mag":"2171838738"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/s1110865702000653","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/s1110865702000653","pdf_url":"https://asp-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1155/S1110865702000653","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35920007","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","issn_l":"1110-8657","issn":["1110-8657","1687-0433","1687-6172","1687-6180"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://asp-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1155/S1110865702000653","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053502008","display_name":"Zoltan Safar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zoltan Safar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032395820","display_name":"K. J. Ray Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5469-5811"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. J. Ray Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053502008"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"],"apc_list":{"value":1790,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1790},"apc_paid":{"value":1790,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1790},"fwci":4.006,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93757331,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2002","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space\u2013time-trellis-code","display_name":"Space\u2013time trellis code","score":0.8931012749671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6795509457588196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmit-diversity","display_name":"Transmit diversity","score":0.6324794888496399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constellation","display_name":"Constellation","score":0.6162818074226379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5636652708053589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.5391216278076172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift-keying","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","score":0.5324139595031738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding-gain","display_name":"Coding gain","score":0.5306277275085449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trellis","display_name":"Trellis (graph)","score":0.5110780000686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space\u2013time-code","display_name":"Space\u2013time code","score":0.5075084567070007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-diversity","display_name":"Antenna diversity","score":0.48374152183532715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-rate","display_name":"Code rate","score":0.4522949457168579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4463985562324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trellis-modulation","display_name":"Trellis modulation","score":0.44553473591804504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-code","display_name":"Convolutional code","score":0.43495041131973267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.4188399016857147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-code","display_name":"Block code","score":0.3969463109970093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3751083016395569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.3516084551811218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.3428332209587097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.29803648591041565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.2967141568660736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2935294508934021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concatenated-error-correction-code","display_name":"Concatenated error correction code","score":0.24805948138237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.07486686110496521}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5546382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7572755","display_name":"Space\u2013time trellis code","level":5,"score":0.8931012749671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6795509457588196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117218131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7834664","display_name":"Transmit diversity","level":4,"score":0.6324794888496399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70352696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8928","display_name":"Constellation","level":2,"score":0.6162818074226379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5636652708053589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.5391216278076172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186378180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4874866","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.5324139595031738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76862118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1105671","display_name":"Coding gain","level":3,"score":0.5306277275085449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781235587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7838009","display_name":"Trellis (graph)","level":3,"score":0.5110780000686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132778218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7572753","display_name":"Space\u2013time code","level":4,"score":0.5075084567070007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60069766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357054","display_name":"Antenna diversity","level":3,"score":0.48374152183532715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206468330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q834373","display_name":"Code rate","level":3,"score":0.4522949457168579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4463985562324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197712280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557200","display_name":"Trellis modulation","level":4,"score":0.44553473591804504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157899210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1395022","display_name":"Convolutional code","level":3,"score":0.43495041131973267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4188399016857147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157125643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q884707","display_name":"Block code","level":3,"score":0.3969463109970093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3751083016395569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.3516084551811218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.3428332209587097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.29803648591041565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.2967141568660736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2935294508934021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78944582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5158264","display_name":"Concatenated error correction code","level":4,"score":0.24805948138237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.07486686110496521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/s1110865702000653","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/s1110865702000653","pdf_url":"https://asp-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1155/S1110865702000653","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35920007","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","issn_l":"1110-8657","issn":["1110-8657","1687-0433","1687-6172","1687-6180"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/s1110865702000653","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/s1110865702000653","pdf_url":"https://asp-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1155/S1110865702000653","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35920007","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","issn_l":"1110-8657","issn":["1110-8657","1687-0433","1687-6172","1687-6180"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2171838738.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2171838738.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1554702733","https://openalex.org/W1667950888","https://openalex.org/W2010559099","https://openalex.org/W2012782228","https://openalex.org/W2021573106","https://openalex.org/W2040075573","https://openalex.org/W2117507580","https://openalex.org/W2118040894","https://openalex.org/W2120302973","https://openalex.org/W2148013214","https://openalex.org/W2159521390","https://openalex.org/W2330078975","https://openalex.org/W2610857016","https://openalex.org/W6653360573","https://openalex.org/W6681948118","https://openalex.org/W6701851398"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2113475454","https://openalex.org/W2012192890","https://openalex.org/W1501871906","https://openalex.org/W1855635322","https://openalex.org/W2171838738","https://openalex.org/W1934708831","https://openalex.org/W1851961754","https://openalex.org/W2110254975","https://openalex.org/W1529025206","https://openalex.org/W2106995864"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,70,89,127,146],"emerging":[1],"need":[2],"for":[3,34,101,113],"high":[4],"data":[5],"rate":[6],"wireless":[7],"services":[8],"has":[9],"raised":[10],"considerable":[11],"interest":[12],"in":[13,67,135],"space-time":[14,98],"coding.":[15],"In":[16],"this":[17],"work,":[18],"we":[19],"propose":[20],"a":[21,77,82,114],"systematic":[22],"code":[23,71,111],"construction":[24,72,112],"method":[25,93],"that":[26,130,137],"jointly":[27],"considers":[28],"diversity":[29],"advantage":[30,33],"and":[31,41,81,107,122],"coding":[32],"an":[35],"arbitrary":[36],"number":[37,116],"of":[38,63,91,117,156],"transmit":[39,54,118],"antennas":[40,55,119],"any":[42],"memoryless":[43],"constellation.":[44,159],"Our":[45],"approach":[46],"is":[47,74,87,94,124,150],"to":[48,53,76],"directly":[49],"assign":[50],"channel":[51],"symbols":[52],"at":[56],"different":[57],"states":[58],"by":[59,96,142,152],"exploiting":[60],"the":[61,64,68,92,139,153,157],"properties":[62],"state":[65],"transitions":[66],"trellis.":[69],"problem":[73,80],"reduced":[75],"combinatorial":[78],"optimization":[79],"computationally":[83],"efficient":[84],"suboptimal":[85],"solution":[86],"proposed.":[88],"flexibility":[90],"demonstrated":[95],"designing":[97],"trellis":[99],"codes":[100,136],"QPSK,":[102],"8PSK,":[103],"16PSK,":[104],"asymmetric":[105],"QPSK":[106],"4ASK":[108],"constellations.":[109],"Space-time":[110],"large":[115],"(6,":[120],"8,":[121],"10)":[123],"also":[125],"considered.":[126],"simulations":[128],"show":[129],"our":[131],"design":[132],"procedure":[133],"results":[134],"outperform":[138],"ones":[140],"constructed":[141],"previously":[143],"existing":[144],"methods.":[145],"achievable":[147],"performance":[148],"gain":[149],"governed":[151],"distance":[154],"structure":[155],"chosen":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
