{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408373836","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/int/2240862","title":"Strategies to Mitigate Model Drift of a Machine Learning Prediction Model for Acute Kidney Injury in General Hospitalization","display_name":"Strategies to Mitigate Model Drift of a Machine Learning Prediction Model for Acute Kidney Injury in General Hospitalization","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408373836","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/int/2240862"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/int/2240862","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/int/2240862","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1155/int/2240862","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57950554","display_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"0884-8173","issn":["0884-8173","1098-111X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1155/int/2240862","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100639068","display_name":"Jie Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6632-7629"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering ,  University of Electronic Science and Technology of China ,  Chengdu ,  610072 ,  China ,  uestc.edu.cn"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering ,  University of Electronic Science and Technology of China ,  Chengdu ,  610072 ,  China ,  uestc.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100753324","display_name":"Heng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5170-1144"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering ,  University of Electronic Science and Technology of China ,  Chengdu ,  610072 ,  China ,  uestc.edu.cn"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering ,  University of Electronic Science and Technology of China ,  Chengdu ,  610072 ,  China ,  uestc.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017398737","display_name":"Guisen Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1970-9979"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guisen Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology ,  Sichuan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital ,  University of Electronic Science and Technology of China ,  Chengdu ,  610072 ,  China ,  uestc.edu.cn"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology ,  Sichuan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital ,  University of Electronic Science and Technology of China ,  Chengdu ,  610072 ,  China ,  uestc.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110846352","display_name":"Wenjun Mi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjun Mi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Information Center ,  Sichuan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital ,  University of Electronic Science and Technology of China ,  Chengdu ,  610072 ,  China ,  uestc.edu.cn"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Information Center ,  Sichuan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital ,  University of Electronic Science and Technology of China ,  Chengdu ,  610072 ,  China ,  uestc.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081702551","display_name":"Martin Gallagher","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110309","display_name":"The George Institute for Global Health","ror":"https://ror.org/023331s46","country_code":"AU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110309"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Gallagher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Renal Division ,  The George Institute for Global Health ,  University of New South Wales ,  Sydney ,  2402 ,  Australia ,  unsw.edu.au"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Renal Division ,  The George Institute for Global Health ,  University of New South Wales ,  Sydney ,  2402 ,  Australia ,  unsw.edu.au","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110309"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077770919","display_name":"Yunlin Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4393-6661"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110309","display_name":"The George Institute for Global Health","ror":"https://ror.org/023331s46","country_code":"AU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110309"]}],"countries":["AU","CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yunlin Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology ,  Sichuan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital ,  University of Electronic Science and Technology of China ,  Chengdu ,  610072 ,  China ,  uestc.edu.cn","Renal Division ,  The George Institute for Global Health ,  University of New South Wales ,  Sydney ,  2402 ,  Australia ,  unsw.edu.au"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology ,  Sichuan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital ,  University of Electronic Science and Technology of China ,  Chengdu ,  610072 ,  China ,  uestc.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Renal Division ,  The George Institute for Global Health ,  University of New South Wales ,  Sydney ,  2402 ,  Australia ,  unsw.edu.au","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110309"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077770919"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711","https://openalex.org/I4210110309"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2500},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2500},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.01959902,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2025","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10218","display_name":"Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9768000245094299,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11700","display_name":"Hemodynamic Monitoring and Therapy","score":0.9574999809265137,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-kidney-injury","display_name":"Acute kidney injury","score":0.6799342036247253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5891067981719971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5479271411895752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5278330445289612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.29056689143180847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.17494577169418335}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780472472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424337","display_name":"Acute kidney injury","level":2,"score":0.6799342036247253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5891067981719971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5479271411895752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5278330445289612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.29056689143180847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.17494577169418335}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/int/2240862","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/int/2240862","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1155/int/2240862","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57950554","display_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"0884-8173","issn":["0884-8173","1098-111X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/int/2240862","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/int/2240862","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1155/int/2240862","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57950554","display_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"0884-8173","issn":["0884-8173","1098-111X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3525641983","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022YFG0319","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333335","funder_display_name":"Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G367173154","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFG0307","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333335","funder_display_name":"Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3802288056","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"81800613","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5939423041","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Technology","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7059025095","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62071098","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8905900400","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023YFSY0027","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333335","funder_display_name":"Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315885","display_name":"Australian Government","ror":"https://ror.org/0314h5y94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333335","display_name":"Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4408373836.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4408373836.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980283223","https://openalex.org/W2003500862","https://openalex.org/W2604834158","https://openalex.org/W2765236814","https://openalex.org/W2786582187","https://openalex.org/W2793750436","https://openalex.org/W2795889831","https://openalex.org/W2884065794","https://openalex.org/W2884561390","https://openalex.org/W2964099118","https://openalex.org/W2964696298","https://openalex.org/W2967329333","https://openalex.org/W2985449513","https://openalex.org/W3027164667","https://openalex.org/W3094111018","https://openalex.org/W3108190930","https://openalex.org/W3200707343","https://openalex.org/W3215233361","https://openalex.org/W4214767582","https://openalex.org/W4220851938","https://openalex.org/W4221136705","https://openalex.org/W4255466416","https://openalex.org/W4376609544","https://openalex.org/W4379880150","https://openalex.org/W4380793070","https://openalex.org/W4380996120","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W6739901393"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W4387369504","https://openalex.org/W3046775127","https://openalex.org/W4394896187","https://openalex.org/W3170094116","https://openalex.org/W4386462264","https://openalex.org/W3107602296","https://openalex.org/W4364306694","https://openalex.org/W4312192474"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Model":[1],"drift":[2,25],"is":[3],"a":[4,28,98],"major":[5],"challenge":[6],"for":[7,33],"applications":[8],"of":[9,19,43,115,134,142,151,233,241,249],"clinical":[10],"prediction":[11,31,190],"models.":[12,130],"We":[13],"aimed":[14],"to":[15,22,54,170,197,215],"investigate":[16],"the":[17,64,77,90,116,123,152,176,189,200,212,235,247],"effect":[18],"two":[20,251],"strategies":[21],"mitigate":[23,199],"model":[24,32,88,118,125,165,191,201,236,242],"based":[26],"on":[27],"previously":[29],"reported":[30],"acute":[34],"kidney":[35],"injury":[36],"(AKI).":[37],"Methods:":[38],"Deidentified":[39],"electronic":[40],"medical":[41],"data":[42,105,194,223,229],"inpatients":[44],"in":[45,181,204,220,246],"Sichuan":[46],"Provincial":[47],"People\u2019s":[48],"Hospital":[49],"from":[50],"January":[51],"1,":[52],"2019,":[53],"December":[55],"31,":[56],"2022,":[57],"were":[58,82,137,230],"collected.":[59],"AKI":[60,143],"was":[61,95,106,120,244],"defined":[62],"by":[63,97],"KDIGO":[65],"criteria.":[66],"The":[67,113,139,149,163,238],"top":[68,78],"50":[69],"laboratory":[70],"variables,":[71],"alongside":[72],"with":[73,103,122,166,192,206,227],"sex,":[74],"age,":[75],"and":[76,127,147,183,224],"20":[79],"prescribed":[80],"medicines":[81],"included":[83],"as":[84],"predictive":[85],"variables.":[86],"In":[87],"optimization,":[89],"convolution":[91],"neural":[92],"network":[93],"module":[94,167],"replaced":[96],"self\u2010attention":[99],"module.":[100],"Periodical":[101],"refitting":[102,188,226],"accumulative":[104,193,228],"also":[107,195],"conducted":[108],"before":[109],"temporally":[110],"external":[111],"validations.":[112],"performance":[114,150,243],"innovated":[117],"(ATRN)":[119],"compared":[121],"previous":[124],"(ATCN)":[126],"other":[128,177],"four":[129],"Results:":[131],"A":[132],"total":[133],"150,373":[135],"admissions":[136],"identified.":[138],"annual":[140],"incidences":[141],"varied":[144],"between":[145],"5.57%":[146],"5.8%.":[148],"models":[153,179,205],"which":[154],"had":[155],"used":[156],"temporal":[157],"features":[158],"profoundly":[159],"declined":[160],"over":[161],"time.":[162],"ATRN":[164],"more":[168],"suitable":[169],"capture":[171,216],"short\u2010term":[172,217],"time":[173,207,218,221],"dependencies":[174,219],"outperformed":[175],"five":[178],"both":[180,231],"C\u2010statistics":[182],"recall":[184],"rates":[185],"perspectives.":[186],"Periodic":[187],"helped":[196],"effectively":[198],"drift,":[202],"especially":[203],"series":[208,222],"data.":[209],"Conclusions:":[210],"Enhancing":[211],"model\u2019s":[213],"ability":[214],"periodic":[225],"capable":[232],"mitigating":[234],"drift.":[237],"best":[239],"improvement":[240],"observed":[245],"combination":[248],"these":[250],"strategies.":[252]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-22T08:09:32.410652","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}