{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7155204124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cplx/7925189","title":"Forecasting China\u2019s Carbon Dioxide Emissions Using a Novel Structure\u2010Adaptive Conformable Fractional Gray Bernoulli Model","display_name":"Forecasting China\u2019s Carbon Dioxide Emissions Using a Novel Structure\u2010Adaptive Conformable Fractional Gray Bernoulli Model","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7155204124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cplx/7925189"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/cplx/7925189","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cplx/7925189","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cplx/7925189","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134237305","display_name":"Zesheng Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zesheng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134326818","display_name":"Jiayang Kong","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiayang Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134283386","display_name":"Ye Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ye Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087868398","display_name":"Kuangxi Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2038-8455"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kuangxi Su","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2038-8455","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5134237305"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"apc_paid":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95558739,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2026","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12368","display_name":"Grey System Theory Applications","score":0.7294999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12368","display_name":"Grey System Theory Applications","score":0.7294999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10438","display_name":"Energy, Environment, Economic Growth","score":0.08760000020265579,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10435","display_name":"Environmental Impact and Sustainability","score":0.05260000005364418,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.576200008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.5530999898910522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conformable-matrix","display_name":"Conformable matrix","score":0.491100013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gray","display_name":"Gray (unit)","score":0.4172999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.3366999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-dioxide","display_name":"Carbon dioxide","score":0.32739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logarithm","display_name":"Logarithm","score":0.32339999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/realization","display_name":"Realization (probability)","score":0.32179999351501465}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.576200008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.5530999898910522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86072612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5160239","display_name":"Conformable matrix","level":2,"score":0.491100013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4584999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4447000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166275286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190095","display_name":"Gray (unit)","level":2,"score":0.4172999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.3366999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530467964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1997","display_name":"Carbon dioxide","level":2,"score":0.32739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39927690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11197","display_name":"Logarithm","level":2,"score":0.32339999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781089630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21856745","display_name":"Realization (probability)","level":2,"score":0.32179999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17020691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677","display_name":"Operator (biology)","level":5,"score":0.3188000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.3149000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.3125999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.2930999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149677717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5611523","display_name":"Carbon sink","level":3,"score":0.29260000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152361515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181328","display_name":"Bernoulli's principle","level":2,"score":0.29109999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.28529998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.27970001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115527620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769909","display_name":"Nonlinear programming","level":3,"score":0.2711000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.2669000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776014549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3050847","display_name":"Consolidation (business)","level":2,"score":0.2662999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.265500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138171918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38423","display_name":"Diesel fuel","level":2,"score":0.26420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.2599000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984755018","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17118374","display_name":"Nonlinear model","level":3,"score":0.2502000033855438}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/cplx/7925189","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cplx/7925189","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/cplx/7925189","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cplx/7925189","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335834","display_name":"Nanhu Scholars Program for Young Scholars of Xinyang Normal University","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1507259579","https://openalex.org/W2083038452","https://openalex.org/W2152195021","https://openalex.org/W2194513117","https://openalex.org/W2517772030","https://openalex.org/W2573137292","https://openalex.org/W2790979288","https://openalex.org/W2799398830","https://openalex.org/W2890886120","https://openalex.org/W2922456124","https://openalex.org/W2947654534","https://openalex.org/W2996549886","https://openalex.org/W3033729438","https://openalex.org/W3158401747","https://openalex.org/W3159031898","https://openalex.org/W3196034740","https://openalex.org/W4229447915","https://openalex.org/W4285092006","https://openalex.org/W4292408619","https://openalex.org/W4293842423","https://openalex.org/W4308285446","https://openalex.org/W4309772412","https://openalex.org/W4317677535","https://openalex.org/W4360876964","https://openalex.org/W4366978417","https://openalex.org/W4367047484","https://openalex.org/W4376138067","https://openalex.org/W4376274754","https://openalex.org/W4386192220","https://openalex.org/W4386505910","https://openalex.org/W4386986906","https://openalex.org/W4387856222","https://openalex.org/W4391671303","https://openalex.org/W4396673542","https://openalex.org/W4399992422","https://openalex.org/W4402831115"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"forecasting":[1,112],"of":[2,140,163,170],"CO":[3,21,125,142],"2":[4,22,126,143],"emissions":[5,127,144],"can":[6],"provide":[7],"theoretical":[8],"support":[9],"for":[10],"the":[11,53,65,71,76,80,90,94,104,137,148,156,161,168,171],"Chinese":[12],"government":[13,157],"in":[14,93,111],"formulating":[15],"carbon":[16,114,150,172],"reduction":[17],"policies.":[18],"However,":[19],"China\u2019s":[20,113,124,141],"emission":[23,115],"sequences":[24],"are":[25],"constrained":[26],"by":[27],"limited":[28],"available":[29],"samples":[30],"and":[31,68,175],"complex":[32],"characteristics.":[33],"To":[34],"address":[35],"these":[36],"issues,":[37],"this":[38,118],"study":[39],"develops":[40],"a":[41,58],"novel":[42],"structure\u2010adaptive":[43],"conformable":[44],"fractional":[45],"gray":[46],"Bernoulli":[47],"model":[48,56,106,119],"(SAFGBM":[49],"(1,":[50],"1)).":[51],"Specifically,":[52],"newly":[54],"designed":[55],"incorporates":[57],"new":[59],"fractional\u2010order":[60],"accumulation":[61],"operator":[62],"to":[63,74,88,122,130,159,166],"extract":[64],"sequence":[66],"features":[67],"further":[69],"uses":[70],"Simpson":[72],"formula":[73],"optimize":[75],"background":[77],"value.":[78],"Subsequently,":[79],"particle":[81],"swarm":[82],"optimization":[83],"(PSO)":[84],"algorithm":[85],"is":[86,120],"employed":[87],"solve":[89],"nonlinear":[91],"parameters":[92],"model.":[95],"Comparative":[96],"verification":[97],"with":[98],"various":[99],"competing":[100],"models":[101],"demonstrates":[102],"that":[103,135],"proposed":[105],"exhibits":[107],"significant":[108],"accuracy":[109],"advantages":[110],"sequences.":[116],"Finally,":[117],"applied":[121],"predict":[123],"from":[128],"2025":[129],"2030.":[131],"The":[132],"results":[133],"indicate":[134],"although":[136],"growth":[138],"rate":[139],"has":[145],"slowed":[146],"down,":[147],"dual":[149],"goals":[151],"still":[152],"face":[153],"substantial":[154],"challenges;":[155],"needs":[158],"accelerate":[160],"implementation":[162],"relevant":[164],"policies":[165],"advance":[167],"realization":[169],"peaking":[173],"target":[174],"high\u2010quality":[176],"green":[177],"economic":[178],"development.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-23T06:20:18.424754","created_date":"2026-04-23T00:00:00"}