{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410293956","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cplx/2750326","title":"An Efficient Deep Learning\u2010Based Framework for Predicting Cyber Violence in Social Networks","display_name":"An Efficient Deep Learning\u2010Based Framework for Predicting Cyber Violence in Social Networks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410293956","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cplx/2750326"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/cplx/2750326","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cplx/2750326","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1155/cplx/2750326","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1155/cplx/2750326","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117517189","display_name":"Younes Fayand Fathabad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41832843","display_name":"University of Tabriz","ror":"https://ror.org/01papkj44","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Younes Fayand Fathabad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering ,  Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering ,  University of Tabriz ,  Tabriz ,  Iran , tabrizu.ac.ir"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering ,  Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering ,  University of Tabriz ,  Tabriz ,  Iran , tabrizu.ac.ir","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089205977","display_name":"Mohammad Ali Balafar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5898-0871"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41832843","display_name":"University of Tabriz","ror":"https://ror.org/01papkj44","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Ali Balafar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering ,  Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering ,  University of Tabriz ,  Tabriz ,  Iran , tabrizu.ac.ir"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5898-0871","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering ,  Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering ,  University of Tabriz ,  Tabriz ,  Iran , tabrizu.ac.ir","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008845355","display_name":"Amin Golzari Oskouei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2551-7105"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143150842","display_name":"Urmia University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02v319z25","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143150842"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121333","display_name":"Istinye University","ror":"https://ror.org/03081nz23","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121333"]}],"countries":["IR","TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amin Golzari Oskouei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Software Engineering ,  Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science ,  I\u0307stinye University ,  Istanbul ,  Tu\u0308rkiye","Faculty of IT and Computer Engineering ,  Urmia University of Technology ,  Urmia ,  Iran , uut.ac.ir"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2551-7105","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Software Engineering ,  Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science ,  I\u0307stinye University ,  Istanbul ,  Tu\u0308rkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121333"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of IT and Computer Engineering ,  Urmia University of Technology ,  Urmia ,  Iran , uut.ac.ir","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143150842"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117517190","display_name":"Kamal Koohi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41832843","display_name":"University of Tabriz","ror":"https://ror.org/01papkj44","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kamal Koohi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Social Sciences ,  Faculty of Law and Social Sciences ,  University of Tabriz ,  Tabriz ,  Iran , tabrizu.ac.ir"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Social Sciences ,  Faculty of Law and Social Sciences ,  University of Tabriz ,  Tabriz ,  Iran , tabrizu.ac.ir","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089205977"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"],"apc_list":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"apc_paid":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.04125029,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2025","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10994","display_name":"Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.9829999804496765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6586079001426697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4800906777381897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3774803876876831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3671914339065552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3311938941478729}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6586079001426697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4800906777381897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3774803876876831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3671914339065552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3311938941478729}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/cplx/2750326","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cplx/2750326","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1155/cplx/2750326","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:hin:complx:2750326","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2025/2750326.xml","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4ade48ae1dbf43c89dd9ea9964c2c665","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4ade48ae1dbf43c89dd9ea9964c2c665","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Complexity, Vol 2025 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/cplx/2750326","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cplx/2750326","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1155/cplx/2750326","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4410293956.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4410293956.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2014545475","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2107878631","https://openalex.org/W2131774270","https://openalex.org/W2172140247","https://openalex.org/W2584424117","https://openalex.org/W2894821558","https://openalex.org/W2902467208","https://openalex.org/W2914229367","https://openalex.org/W2917127561","https://openalex.org/W2928621846","https://openalex.org/W2964199361","https://openalex.org/W2972034512","https://openalex.org/W2974335209","https://openalex.org/W2975437251","https://openalex.org/W2997975249","https://openalex.org/W3005598269","https://openalex.org/W3006796473","https://openalex.org/W3019166713","https://openalex.org/W3020831121","https://openalex.org/W3025497643","https://openalex.org/W3092739266","https://openalex.org/W3109935330","https://openalex.org/W3111218391","https://openalex.org/W3136133394","https://openalex.org/W3142178365","https://openalex.org/W3169509819","https://openalex.org/W3199202200","https://openalex.org/W3204210581","https://openalex.org/W4206736184","https://openalex.org/W4281616772","https://openalex.org/W4283368222","https://openalex.org/W4360911290","https://openalex.org/W4365455184","https://openalex.org/W4376280098","https://openalex.org/W4381434879","https://openalex.org/W4382311624","https://openalex.org/W4385431966","https://openalex.org/W4385839127","https://openalex.org/W4385863747","https://openalex.org/W4385948419","https://openalex.org/W4386701562","https://openalex.org/W4386913061","https://openalex.org/W4387674623","https://openalex.org/W4390298839","https://openalex.org/W4400109520","https://openalex.org/W4400247739","https://openalex.org/W4403479863","https://openalex.org/W4403652213","https://openalex.org/W4404214261","https://openalex.org/W4405310310","https://openalex.org/W4408101845","https://openalex.org/W6801133465"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W4387369504","https://openalex.org/W4394896187","https://openalex.org/W3170094116","https://openalex.org/W4386462264","https://openalex.org/W3107602296","https://openalex.org/W4364306694","https://openalex.org/W4312192474","https://openalex.org/W4283697347"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,87,110,127],"widespread":[1],"use":[2],"of":[3,12,31,37,63,96,141,144,147,152,166,169,172,177,190,201,213,225],"the":[4,9,29,35,100,161,199,211,223],"internet":[5],"has":[6,26],"led":[7],"to":[8,20,93,102,118,186],"rapid":[10],"expansion":[11],"social":[13],"networks,":[14],"making":[15],"it":[16],"easier":[17],"for":[18,106,228],"individuals":[19],"share":[21],"content":[22],"online.":[23],"However,":[24],"this":[25,68],"also":[27],"increased":[28],"prevalence":[30],"cyber":[32,64,135,205],"violence,":[33],"necessitating":[34],"development":[36],"automated":[38],"detection":[39],"methods.":[40],"Deep":[41],"learning\u2010based":[42,218],"algorithms":[43],"have":[44],"proven":[45],"effective":[46],"in":[47,192,196,204,216],"identifying":[48],"violent":[49],"content,":[50],"yet":[51],"existing":[52],"models":[53],"often":[54],"struggle":[55],"with":[56],"understanding":[57],"contextual":[58,83,124,159,202,214],"nuances":[59],"and":[60,115,123,149,174,194,221],"implicit":[61],"forms":[62],"violence.":[65],"To":[66],"address":[67],"limitation,":[69],"we":[70],"propose":[71],"a":[72,133],"novel":[73],"deep":[74,217],"multi\u2010input":[75],"recurrent":[76],"neural":[77],"network":[78],"architecture":[79],"that":[80,182],"incorporates":[81],"neighborhood\u2010based":[82,156,183],"information":[84],"during":[85],"training.":[86],"Jaccard":[88],"similarity":[89],"metric":[90],"is":[91],"employed":[92],"construct":[94],"neighborhoods":[95],"input":[97],"texts,":[98],"allowing":[99],"model":[101,112,129,162],"leverage":[103],"surrounding":[104],"context":[105],"improved":[107],"feature":[108],"extraction.":[109],"proposed":[111,128],"combines":[113],"Bi\u2010LSTM":[114],"GRU":[116],"networks":[117],"capture":[119],"both":[120],"sequential":[121],"dependencies":[122],"relationships":[125],"effectively.":[126],"was":[130],"evaluated":[131],"on":[132],"real\u2010world":[134],"violence":[136,206],"dataset,":[137],"achieving":[138],"an":[139,150,164,175,187],"accuracy":[140,165,193],"94.29%,":[142],"recall":[143,168],"81%,":[145],"precision":[146,171],"72%,":[148],"F1\u2010score":[151,176],"76.23%":[153],"when":[154],"incorporating":[155],"learning.":[157],"Without":[158],"information,":[160],"attained":[163],"89.15%,":[167],"72.00%,":[170],"71.5%,":[173],"71.74%.":[178],"These":[179,208],"results":[180,209],"demonstrate":[181],"learning":[184],"contributed":[185],"average":[188],"improvement":[189],"5.14%":[191],"4.49%":[195],"F1\u2010score,":[197],"underscoring":[198],"importance":[200],"awareness":[203,215],"detection.":[207],"highlight":[210],"significance":[212],"text":[219],"classification":[220],"underscore":[222],"potential":[224],"our":[226],"approach":[227],"real\u2010world\u200b":[229],"applications.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-14T06:11:07.267592","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
