{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411832799","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cplx/1644859","title":"Convolutional Neural Network and Channel Attention Mechanism for Multiclass Brain Tumor Classification","display_name":"Convolutional Neural Network and Channel Attention Mechanism for Multiclass Brain Tumor Classification","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411832799","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cplx/1644859"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/cplx/1644859","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cplx/1644859","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1155/cplx/1644859","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1155/cplx/1644859","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014785893","display_name":"Ali Naderi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143150842","display_name":"Urmia University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02v319z25","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143150842"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Naderi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechatronics Engineering ,  Urmia University of Technology ,  Urmia ,  Iran , uut.ac.ir"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8166-5449","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechatronics Engineering ,  Urmia University of Technology ,  Urmia ,  Iran , uut.ac.ir","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143150842"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062887426","display_name":"Akbar Asgharzadeh-Bonab","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6928-090X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38476204","display_name":"Urmia University","ror":"https://ror.org/032fk0x53","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38476204"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akbar Asgharzadeh-Bonab","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering ,  Urmia University ,  Urmia ,  Iran , urmia.ac.ir"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6928-090X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering ,  Urmia University ,  Urmia ,  Iran , urmia.ac.ir","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38476204"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103063048","display_name":"Farid Ahmadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4291-1748"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143150842","display_name":"Urmia University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02v319z25","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143150842"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Farid Ahmadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of IT and Computer Engineering ,  Urmia University of Technology ,  Urmia ,  Iran , uut.ac.ir"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4291-1748","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of IT and Computer Engineering ,  Urmia University of Technology ,  Urmia ,  Iran , uut.ac.ir","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143150842"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079689409","display_name":"Hashem Kalbkhani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2431-4920"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143150842","display_name":"Urmia University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02v319z25","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143150842"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hashem Kalbkhani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering ,  Urmia University of Technology ,  Urmia ,  Iran , uut.ac.ir"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2431-4920","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering ,  Urmia University of Technology ,  Urmia ,  Iran , uut.ac.ir","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143150842"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103063048"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143150842"],"apc_list":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"apc_paid":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"fwci":0.584,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68832396,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"2025","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9884999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.7568159699440002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6762735843658447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanism","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","score":0.6102980971336365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5149189233779907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiclass-classification","display_name":"Multiclass classification","score":0.5100470185279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-tumor","display_name":"Brain tumor","score":0.4372327923774719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.38318341970443726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3471905589103699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.17601323127746582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.11089292168617249}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7568159699440002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6762735843658447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6102980971336365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5149189233779907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123860398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934605","display_name":"Multiclass classification","level":3,"score":0.5100470185279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779130545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q233309","display_name":"Brain tumor","level":2,"score":0.4372327923774719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.38318341970443726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3471905589103699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.17601323127746582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.11089292168617249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/cplx/1644859","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cplx/1644859","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1155/cplx/1644859","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:297ce762bcbb44339156cb7fcdadeeb1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/297ce762bcbb44339156cb7fcdadeeb1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Complexity, Vol 2025 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/cplx/1644859","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cplx/1644859","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1155/cplx/1644859","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411832799.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411832799.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2039199416","https://openalex.org/W2095705004","https://openalex.org/W2741425433","https://openalex.org/W2893345206","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2958636547","https://openalex.org/W2996632711","https://openalex.org/W3005486005","https://openalex.org/W3035035250","https://openalex.org/W3082046461","https://openalex.org/W3135319307","https://openalex.org/W3136979370","https://openalex.org/W3146366485","https://openalex.org/W3159670968","https://openalex.org/W3207043756","https://openalex.org/W3212386989","https://openalex.org/W4220811008","https://openalex.org/W4220879402","https://openalex.org/W4229078282","https://openalex.org/W4236325002","https://openalex.org/W4294190735","https://openalex.org/W4318479026","https://openalex.org/W4319072492","https://openalex.org/W4322588591","https://openalex.org/W4323664801","https://openalex.org/W4324142429","https://openalex.org/W4365813716","https://openalex.org/W4375953500","https://openalex.org/W4384666235","https://openalex.org/W4387656276","https://openalex.org/W4387809265","https://openalex.org/W4389610297","https://openalex.org/W4391693184","https://openalex.org/W4393294663","https://openalex.org/W4394844495","https://openalex.org/W4400040106","https://openalex.org/W4400109518","https://openalex.org/W4403589567","https://openalex.org/W4404643880","https://openalex.org/W4405172292"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2382997850","https://openalex.org/W2390968135","https://openalex.org/W4391621807","https://openalex.org/W2382213751","https://openalex.org/W2351750670","https://openalex.org/W1597848696","https://openalex.org/W2354715126","https://openalex.org/W2388563748","https://openalex.org/W2375179084","https://openalex.org/W2366646518"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,54],"complexity":[1],"of":[2,37],"brain":[3,38,155],"tumors":[4,39],"highlights":[5],"the":[6,34,75,137],"critical":[7],"need":[8],"for":[9,33,102],"advanced":[10],"computer\u2010aided":[11],"diagnosis":[12,157],"(CAD)":[13],"tools":[14],"to":[15,82,116,153],"support":[16],"surgeons":[17],"in":[18,48,144],"clinical":[19],"decision\u2010making":[20],"and":[21,51,78,106,125,131,146,158],"improve":[22],"patient":[23],"outcomes.":[24],"This":[25],"paper":[26],"introduces":[27],"a":[28,62,90,108],"novel":[29],"deep":[30],"learning":[31,72],"model":[32,56,132],"multiclass":[35,119,145],"classification":[36,52,148],"using":[40],"magnetic":[41],"resonance":[42],"imaging":[43],"(MRI),":[44],"offering":[45],"significant":[46],"advancements":[47],"feature":[49,84,97],"extraction":[50,85],"accuracy.":[53],"proposed":[55],"comprises":[57],"three":[58],"key":[59],"components:":[60],"(1)":[61],"fine\u2010tuned":[63],"EfficientNetB7":[64],"convolutional":[65],"neural":[66],"network":[67],"(CNN),":[68],"adapted":[69],"through":[70,113],"transfer":[71],"by":[73],"freezing":[74],"initial":[76],"layers":[77,81],"retraining":[79],"subsequent":[80],"optimize":[83],"from":[86],"MR":[87],"images;":[88],"(2)":[89],"channel":[91],"attention":[92],"module":[93],"that":[94],"refines":[95],"extracted":[96],"maps,":[98],"emphasizing":[99],"essential":[100],"features":[101],"accurate":[103],"tumor":[104,120,156],"detection;":[105],"(3)":[107],"fully":[109],"connected":[110],"classifier,":[111],"optimized":[112],"grid":[114],"search,":[115],"achieve":[117],"precise":[118],"classification.":[121],"Additionally,":[122],"hyperparameter":[123],"tuning":[124],"data":[126],"augmentation":[127],"techniques":[128],"enhance":[129],"generalization":[130],"robustness.":[133],"Experimental":[134],"results":[135],"confirm":[136],"model\u2019s":[138],"superior":[139],"performance,":[140],"outperforming":[141],"recent":[142],"approaches":[143],"binary":[147],"scenarios,":[149],"underscoring":[150],"its":[151],"potential":[152],"advance":[154],"treatment.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-15T08:34:33.830935","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
