{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416792528","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/acis/8709881","title":"Simplified Deep Neural Network Models for Cardiovascular Disease Classification","display_name":"Simplified Deep Neural Network Models for Cardiovascular Disease Classification","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416792528","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/acis/8709881"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/acis/8709881","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/acis/8709881","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1155/acis/8709881","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30680879","display_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing","issn_l":"1687-9724","issn":["1687-9724","1687-9732"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1155/acis/8709881","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045212107","display_name":"Farouk Al-Fahaidy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8451-4241"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170535673","display_name":"Sana'a University","ror":"https://ror.org/04hcvaf32","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170535673"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114659","display_name":"Yemenia University","ror":"https://ror.org/022jg8f66","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114659"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116351","display_name":"Lebanese International University","ror":"https://ror.org/027anng05","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116351"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78137547","display_name":"Ibb University","ror":"https://ror.org/00fhcxc56","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78137547"]}],"countries":["YE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Farouk Abduh Kamil Al-Fahaidy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering ,  Sana\u2019a University ,  Sana\u2019a ,  Yemen , su.edu.ye","Department of Electrical Engineering ,  Faculty of Engineering ,  Ibb University ,  Ibb ,  Yemen , ibb-univ.net","Department of Information Technology ,  Faculty of Engineering & IT ,  Emirates International University-Yemen ,  Sana\u2019a ,  Yemen"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8451-4241","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering ,  Sana\u2019a University ,  Sana\u2019a ,  Yemen , su.edu.ye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170535673","https://openalex.org/I4210114659"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering ,  Faculty of Engineering ,  Ibb University ,  Ibb ,  Yemen , ibb-univ.net","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78137547"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology ,  Faculty of Engineering & IT ,  Emirates International University-Yemen ,  Sana\u2019a ,  Yemen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116351","https://openalex.org/I4210114659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016114733","display_name":"Mohammad Yahya H. Al-Shamri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7174-6083"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78137547","display_name":"Ibb University","ror":"https://ror.org/00fhcxc56","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78137547"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82952536","display_name":"King Khalid University","ror":"https://ror.org/052kwzs30","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}],"countries":["SA","YE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamad Yahya H. Al-Shamri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Engineering Department ,  College of Computer Science ,  King Khalid University ,  Abha ,  Saudi Arabia , kku.edu.sa","Department of Electrical Engineering ,  Faculty of Engineering ,  Ibb University ,  Ibb ,  Yemen , ibb-univ.net"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7174-6083","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Engineering Department ,  College of Computer Science ,  King Khalid University ,  Abha ,  Saudi Arabia , kku.edu.sa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering ,  Faculty of Engineering ,  Ibb University ,  Ibb ,  Yemen , ibb-univ.net","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78137547"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076644266","display_name":"Abdullatif Ghallab","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5319-2067"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118692353","display_name":"University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bj7sh33","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118692353"]}],"countries":["YE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdullatif Ghallab","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science ,  Faculty of Computing and Information Technology ,  University of Science and Technology ,  Sana\u2019a ,  Yemen , ust.edu.ye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5319-2067","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science ,  Faculty of Computing and Information Technology ,  University of Science and Technology ,  Sana\u2019a ,  Yemen , ust.edu.ye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118692353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023246930","display_name":"Ahmed Al\u2010Dubai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9758-5540"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160302","display_name":"Amran University","ror":"https://ror.org/055y2t972","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160302"]}],"countries":["YE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Fuad Aldubai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science ,  Faculty of Engineering & IT ,  Amran University ,  Amran ,  Yemen , auye.ac"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science ,  Faculty of Engineering & IT ,  Amran University ,  Amran ,  Yemen , auye.ac","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160302"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022970005","display_name":"Belal Al-Fuhaidi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7912-8629"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118692353","display_name":"University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bj7sh33","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118692353"]}],"countries":["YE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Belal Al-Fuhaidi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science ,  Faculty of Computing and Information Technology ,  University of Science and Technology ,  Sana\u2019a ,  Yemen , ust.edu.ye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7912-8629","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science ,  Faculty of Computing and Information Technology ,  University of Science and Technology ,  Sana\u2019a ,  Yemen , ust.edu.ye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118692353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055567507","display_name":"Sadik Al-Taweel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118692353","display_name":"University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bj7sh33","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118692353"]}],"countries":["YE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sadik Al-Taweel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science ,  Faculty of Computing and Information Technology ,  University of Science and Technology ,  Sana\u2019a ,  Yemen , ust.edu.ye"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science ,  Faculty of Computing and Information Technology ,  University of Science and Technology ,  Sana\u2019a ,  Yemen , ust.edu.ye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118692353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120389771","display_name":"Mohamed Al-Olofy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170535673","display_name":"Sana'a University","ror":"https://ror.org/04hcvaf32","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170535673"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114659","display_name":"Yemenia University","ror":"https://ror.org/022jg8f66","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114659"]}],"countries":["YE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Al-Olofy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering ,  Sana\u2019a University ,  Sana\u2019a ,  Yemen , su.edu.ye"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering ,  Sana\u2019a University ,  Sana\u2019a ,  Yemen , su.edu.ye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170535673","https://openalex.org/I4210114659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Abdullah Hameed Ali Naji","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78137547","display_name":"Ibb University","ror":"https://ror.org/00fhcxc56","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78137547"]}],"countries":["YE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah Hameed Ali Naji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering ,  Faculty of Engineering ,  Ibb University ,  Ibb ,  Yemen , ibb-univ.net"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering ,  Faculty of Engineering ,  Ibb University ,  Ibb ,  Yemen , ibb-univ.net","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78137547"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028403012","display_name":"Muhammad Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2097-6475"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78137547","display_name":"Ibb University","ror":"https://ror.org/00fhcxc56","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78137547"]}],"countries":["YE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moath Faisal Ali Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering ,  Faculty of Engineering ,  Ibb University ,  Ibb ,  Yemen , ibb-univ.net"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering ,  Faculty of Engineering ,  Ibb University ,  Ibb ,  Yemen , ibb-univ.net","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78137547"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045212107"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170535673","https://openalex.org/I4210114659","https://openalex.org/I4210116351","https://openalex.org/I78137547"],"apc_list":{"value":900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":900},"apc_paid":{"value":900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":900},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.39024761,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2025","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.9092000126838684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.9092000126838684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.015699999406933784,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.014700000174343586,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.718500018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dropout","display_name":"Dropout (neural networks)","score":0.6413999795913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.63919997215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.602400004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5717999935150146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.566100001335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-neural-networks","display_name":"Deep neural networks","score":0.4172999858856201}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7384999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.718500018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776145597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25339462","display_name":"Dropout (neural networks)","level":2,"score":0.6413999795913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.63919997215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.602400004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5717999935150146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.566100001335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5648000240325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.4172999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3617999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780074459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389735","display_name":"Heart disease","level":2,"score":0.3573000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81669768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2359161","display_name":"Precision and recall","level":2,"score":0.3402999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100660578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733","display_name":"Recall","level":2,"score":0.31529998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45804977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239673","display_name":"Predictive modelling","level":2,"score":0.2728999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59404180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013334","display_name":"Feature learning","level":2,"score":0.26460000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136389625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334384","display_name":"Supervised learning","level":3,"score":0.2612000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66024118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122506","display_name":"Computational model","level":2,"score":0.2606000006198883}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/acis/8709881","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/acis/8709881","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1155/acis/8709881","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30680879","display_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing","issn_l":"1687-9724","issn":["1687-9724","1687-9732"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7d3ff0383f6f4b15abd785e600b9b24e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7d3ff0383f6f4b15abd785e600b9b24e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing, Vol 2025 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/acis/8709881","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/acis/8709881","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1155/acis/8709881","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30680879","display_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing","issn_l":"1687-9724","issn":["1687-9724","1687-9732"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7907596940","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGP2/109/46","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324433","funder_display_name":"King Khalid University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324433","display_name":"King Khalid University","ror":"https://ror.org/052kwzs30"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416792528.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416792528.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1130077638","https://openalex.org/W2295124130","https://openalex.org/W2894044348","https://openalex.org/W2903324678","https://openalex.org/W2906396551","https://openalex.org/W2949767632","https://openalex.org/W2958384672","https://openalex.org/W3012665221","https://openalex.org/W3025329028","https://openalex.org/W3034233514","https://openalex.org/W3038010422","https://openalex.org/W3040351441","https://openalex.org/W3120846667","https://openalex.org/W3134840015","https://openalex.org/W3175217999","https://openalex.org/W3179892035","https://openalex.org/W3194256206","https://openalex.org/W3200312589","https://openalex.org/W4214844979","https://openalex.org/W4223948761","https://openalex.org/W4243046127","https://openalex.org/W4280492951","https://openalex.org/W4281627305","https://openalex.org/W4282973354","https://openalex.org/W4296784316","https://openalex.org/W4308333983","https://openalex.org/W4390660071","https://openalex.org/W4390699371","https://openalex.org/W4396661891","https://openalex.org/W4402556717","https://openalex.org/W4404417688","https://openalex.org/W4405271761","https://openalex.org/W4405727761","https://openalex.org/W4407230995","https://openalex.org/W4410480528","https://openalex.org/W4412530320"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cardiovascular":[0],"diseases":[1,21],"encompass":[2],"a":[3],"range":[4],"of":[5,19,83,98,146,178,186],"conditions":[6],"affecting":[7],"the":[8,134,162],"heart":[9,47,70,102],"and":[10,27,31,65,104,117,124,141,148,180,189],"blood":[11],"vessels.":[12],"Given":[13],"their":[14],"global":[15],"impact,":[16],"early":[17],"detection":[18],"these":[20],"is":[22,37],"crucial":[23],"for":[24],"saving":[25],"lives":[26],"effectively":[28],"managing":[29],"morbidity":[30],"mortality.":[32],"One":[33],"such":[34],"effective":[35],"approach":[36],"to":[38,42,62],"leverage":[39],"deep":[40,57],"learning":[41,122],"enhance":[43],"classification":[44],"performance":[45],"in":[46,68,144,184],"disease":[48,71,103,106],"prediction":[49],"(HDP).":[50],"This":[51],"paper":[52],"presents":[53],"two":[54],"new":[55],"simplified":[56],"neural":[58],"network":[59],"(SDNN)":[60],"models":[61,82,88,109,137],"assist":[63],"cardiologists":[64],"vascular":[66],"doctors":[67],"diagnosing":[69],"that":[72],"achieve":[73],"100%":[74,183],"accuracy":[75,147,172],"with":[76,119,155,191],"feature":[77,114,174,192],"selection,":[78],"outperforming":[79],"complex":[80],"hybrid":[81],"related":[84],"works.":[85],"The":[86,108,129,151,176],"proposed":[87,126,135,152,164],"are":[89,110],"tested":[90],"on":[91],"combined":[92],"Kaggle":[93],"datasets":[94],"containing":[95],"consistent":[96],"reports":[97],"918":[99],"people,":[100],"including":[101],"non\u2010heart":[105],"reports.":[107],"investigated":[111],"with/without":[112],"applying":[113],"selection":[115],"methods":[116],"compared":[118],"different":[120],"machine":[121],"classifiers":[123,143],"recently":[125],"SDNN":[127,136],"models.":[128],"experimental":[130],"results":[131,177],"show":[132],"how":[133],"outperform":[138],"other":[139],"ML\u2010based":[140],"DL\u2010based":[142],"terms":[145,185],"structure\u2019s":[149],"complexity.":[150],"model,":[153,165],"SDNN\u2013HDP1,":[154],"dropout":[156,168],"layers":[157,169],"achieves":[158,170],"94.086%":[159],"accuracy,":[160,187],"while":[161],"second":[163],"SDNN\u2013HDP2,":[166],"without":[167,173],"95.69%":[171],"selection.":[175,193],"SDNN\u2013HDP1":[179],"SDNN\u2013HDP2":[181],"reach":[182],"precision,":[188],"recall":[190]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-15T08:34:33.830935","created_date":"2025-11-28T00:00:00"}