{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4367556980","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/9481790","title":"Powder Bed Fusion via Machine Learning-Enabled Approaches","display_name":"Powder Bed Fusion via Machine Learning-Enabled Approaches","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4367556980","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/9481790"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2023/9481790","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/9481790","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2023/9481790.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2023/9481790.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004023972","display_name":"Utkarsh Chadha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5044-3761"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I876193797","display_name":"Vellore Institute of Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00qzypv28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}],"countries":["CA","IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Utkarsh Chadha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Manufacturing Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering (SMEC), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014, India","Department of Materials Science and Engineering, aculty of Applied Sciences and Engineering, University of Toronto, St. George Campus, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5044-3761","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Manufacturing Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering (SMEC), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, aculty of Applied Sciences and Engineering, University of Toronto, St. George Campus, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077880173","display_name":"Senthil Kumaran Selvaraj","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9994-9424"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I876193797","display_name":"Vellore Institute of Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00qzypv28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Senthil Kumaran Selvaraj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Manufacturing Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering (SMEC), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9994-9424","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Manufacturing Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering (SMEC), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031940414","display_name":"Abel Saji Abraham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3413-8240"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I876193797","display_name":"Vellore Institute of Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00qzypv28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abel Saji Abraham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Manufacturing Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering (SMEC), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3413-8240","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Manufacturing Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering (SMEC), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076164850","display_name":"Mayank Khanna","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I876193797","display_name":"Vellore Institute of Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00qzypv28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mayank Khanna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Manufacturing Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering (SMEC), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7309-8219","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Manufacturing Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering (SMEC), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062657867","display_name":"Anirudh Mishra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8214-6203"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I876193797","display_name":"Vellore Institute of Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00qzypv28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anirudh Mishra","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering (SCOPE), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8214-6203","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering (SCOPE), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020628289","display_name":"Isha Sachdeva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2628-8773"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I876193797","display_name":"Vellore Institute of Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00qzypv28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Isha Sachdeva","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technology & Engineering (SITE), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2628-8773","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technology & Engineering (SITE), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083792526","display_name":"Swati Kashyap","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2950-9287"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131147","display_name":"SRM University","ror":"https://ror.org/037skf023","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145286018","https://openalex.org/I4210131147"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401726783","display_name":"VIT-AP University","ror":"https://ror.org/007v4hf75","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401726783"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Swati Kashyap","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics Engineering (SENSE), VIT-AP University, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522237, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2950-9287","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics Engineering (SENSE), VIT-AP University, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522237, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131147","https://openalex.org/I4401726783"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102900359","display_name":"S. Jithin Dev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0768-3970"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I876193797","display_name":"Vellore Institute of Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00qzypv28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Jithin Dev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Manufacturing Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering (SMEC), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0768-3970","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Manufacturing Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering (SMEC), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"R. Srii Swatish","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7431-5449"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I876193797","display_name":"Vellore Institute of Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00qzypv28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Srii Swatish","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Manufacturing Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering (SMEC), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7431-5449","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Manufacturing Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering (SMEC), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030581252","display_name":"Ayushma Joshi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I876193797","display_name":"Vellore Institute of Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00qzypv28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayushma Joshi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering (SCOPE), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering (SCOPE), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022809442","display_name":"Simar Kaur Anand","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1823-8389"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I876193797","display_name":"Vellore Institute of Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00qzypv28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simar Kaur Anand","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering (SCOPE), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1823-8389","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering (SCOPE), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058345389","display_name":"Addisalem Adefris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7097-2353"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136909","display_name":"Dilla University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ahz4692","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136909"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Addisalem Adefris","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Dilla University, P.O. Box 419, Dilla, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7097-2353","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Dilla University, P.O. Box 419, Dilla, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136909"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112289625","display_name":"R. Lokesh Kumar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I876193797","display_name":"Vellore Institute of Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00qzypv28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Lokesh Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering (SCOPE), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering (SCOPE), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053252696","display_name":"Jayakumar Kaliappan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6044-6667"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I876193797","display_name":"Vellore Institute of Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00qzypv28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jayakumar Kaliappan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering (SCOPE), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6044-6667","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering (SCOPE), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101448028","display_name":"S Dhanalakshmi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-6728"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799351866","display_name":"Government of India","ror":"https://ror.org/036h6g940","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150591","display_name":"Ministry of Defence","ror":"https://ror.org/03wejsv15","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210150591"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162812","display_name":"Combat Vehicles Research and Development Establishment","ror":"https://ror.org/055fwv607","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1340206300","https://openalex.org/I4210150591","https://openalex.org/I4210162812"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Dhanalakshmi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Combat Vehicles Research & Development Establishment (CVRDE), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Ministry of Defence, Government of India, Avadi, Chennai, Tamilnadu 600054, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Combat Vehicles Research & Development Establishment (CVRDE), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Ministry of Defence, Government of India, Avadi, Chennai, Tamilnadu 600054, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162812","https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I4210150591"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":15,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058345389","https://openalex.org/A5077880173"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136909","https://openalex.org/I876193797"],"apc_list":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"apc_paid":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"fwci":2.0883,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85554793,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2023","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"25"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10705","display_name":"Additive Manufacturing Materials and Processes","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10705","display_name":"Additive Manufacturing Materials and Processes","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10783","display_name":"Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10834","display_name":"Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses","score":0.9502000212669373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selective-laser-sintering","display_name":"Selective laser sintering","score":0.7343015074729919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion","display_name":"Fusion","score":0.6690658926963806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-metal-laser-sintering","display_name":"Direct metal laser sintering","score":0.6176421642303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6114202737808228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sintering","display_name":"Sintering","score":0.6062152981758118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5889283418655396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.548206090927124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selective-laser-melting","display_name":"Selective laser melting","score":0.4861885905265808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-engineering","display_name":"Process engineering","score":0.48591700196266174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4706175625324249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.4532453119754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4407419264316559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.4307311773300171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-printing","display_name":"3D printing","score":0.42843422293663025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.41566187143325806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.36017781496047974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.32458552718162537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metallurgy","display_name":"Metallurgy","score":0.15071821212768555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08977329730987549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.0812540352344513}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54237361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428412","display_name":"Selective laser sintering","level":3,"score":0.7343015074729919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.6690658926963806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775868795","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428412","display_name":"Direct metal laser sintering","level":3,"score":0.6176421642303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6114202737808228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777581544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844613","display_name":"Sintering","level":2,"score":0.6062152981758118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5889283418655396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.548206090927124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26796778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267983","display_name":"Selective laser melting","level":3,"score":0.4861885905265808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.48591700196266174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4706175625324249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.4532453119754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4407419264316559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.4307311773300171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524769229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229367","display_name":"3D printing","level":2,"score":0.42843422293663025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.41566187143325806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.36017781496047974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.32458552718162537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.15071821212768555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08977329730987549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0812540352344513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87976508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1498213","display_name":"Microstructure","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2023/9481790","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/9481790","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2023/9481790.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:utoronto.scholaris.ca:1807/127576","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1807/127576","pdf_url":"https://utoronto.scholaris.ca/bitstreams/b6ac24a4-bc22-413c-9ebd-79a6b1a1b6f1/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055458","display_name":"TSpace","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:hin:complx:9481790","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2023/9481790.xml","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d5dd2637fb0f4fef8508f239974efba0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d5dd2637fb0f4fef8508f239974efba0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Complexity, Vol 2023 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2023/9481790","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/9481790","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2023/9481790.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4399999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4367556980.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":115,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522046476","https://openalex.org/W1525053125","https://openalex.org/W1562462662","https://openalex.org/W1584084548","https://openalex.org/W1622143753","https://openalex.org/W1969792151","https://openalex.org/W1973958655","https://openalex.org/W1975822745","https://openalex.org/W2014734472","https://openalex.org/W2022850024","https://openalex.org/W2030360390","https://openalex.org/W2043561770","https://openalex.org/W2067274737","https://openalex.org/W2089050878","https://openalex.org/W2192772080","https://openalex.org/W2465036384","https://openalex.org/W2480962400","https://openalex.org/W2481226596","https://openalex.org/W2491013626","https://openalex.org/W2508523263","https://openalex.org/W2512059108","https://openalex.org/W2515575709","https://openalex.org/W2549247823","https://openalex.org/W2553813075","https://openalex.org/W2590680980","https://openalex.org/W2599210703","https://openalex.org/W2606771013","https://openalex.org/W2607588067","https://openalex.org/W2610664026","https://openalex.org/W2612785428","https://openalex.org/W2741957494","https://openalex.org/W2745908987","https://openalex.org/W2747313090","https://openalex.org/W2751312807","https://openalex.org/W2763353310","https://openalex.org/W2766211129","https://openalex.org/W2771371125","https://openalex.org/W2776122036","https://openalex.org/W2777689514","https://openalex.org/W2790447540","https://openalex.org/W2793435880","https://openalex.org/W2796229351","https://openalex.org/W2797690407","https://openalex.org/W2807389414","https://openalex.org/W2886286816","https://openalex.org/W2891043551","https://openalex.org/W2899284118","https://openalex.org/W2902298309","https://openalex.org/W2902703971","https://openalex.org/W2905654239","https://openalex.org/W2911861386","https://openalex.org/W2934912549","https://openalex.org/W2941994553","https://openalex.org/W2963513636","https://openalex.org/W2967050266","https://openalex.org/W2967636674","https://openalex.org/W2976463866","https://openalex.org/W2984993678","https://openalex.org/W2985674265","https://openalex.org/W2986027206","https://openalex.org/W2990170952","https://openalex.org/W2997844808","https://openalex.org/W2999467413","https://openalex.org/W3001155519","https://openalex.org/W3003826028","https://openalex.org/W3006730468","https://openalex.org/W3010598178","https://openalex.org/W3012208874","https://openalex.org/W3014773680","https://openalex.org/W3015541649","https://openalex.org/W3016989108","https://openalex.org/W3021266547","https://openalex.org/W3034940974","https://openalex.org/W3043597110","https://openalex.org/W3087513181","https://openalex.org/W3089364340","https://openalex.org/W3090270307","https://openalex.org/W3090689398","https://openalex.org/W3092140696","https://openalex.org/W3092758530","https://openalex.org/W3093626229","https://openalex.org/W3096971727","https://openalex.org/W3114692006","https://openalex.org/W3114720017","https://openalex.org/W3129560955","https://openalex.org/W3130565475","https://openalex.org/W3133817982","https://openalex.org/W3139896449","https://openalex.org/W3164940827","https://openalex.org/W3174246639","https://openalex.org/W3184203295","https://openalex.org/W3196502696","https://openalex.org/W3207076236","https://openalex.org/W3214539921","https://openalex.org/W4200614558","https://openalex.org/W4206285113","https://openalex.org/W4210445970","https://openalex.org/W4212826197","https://openalex.org/W4213369994","https://openalex.org/W4220709906","https://openalex.org/W4237219639","https://openalex.org/W4255272544","https://openalex.org/W4281833516","https://openalex.org/W4283315178","https://openalex.org/W4284706893","https://openalex.org/W4286283014","https://openalex.org/W4286586859","https://openalex.org/W4288032432","https://openalex.org/W4288902456","https://openalex.org/W4292133423","https://openalex.org/W4298108648","https://openalex.org/W4306986640","https://openalex.org/W4311715245","https://openalex.org/W4313532007","https://openalex.org/W6771942002"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2043301592","https://openalex.org/W2371231369","https://openalex.org/W2379872238","https://openalex.org/W2192772080","https://openalex.org/W2594807567","https://openalex.org/W2046235983","https://openalex.org/W4212793954","https://openalex.org/W2897889910","https://openalex.org/W2371561021","https://openalex.org/W4313332817"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Powder":[0],"bed":[1],"fusion":[2],"(PBF)":[3],"applies":[4],"to":[5,24,59,73,140],"various":[6],"metallic":[7],"materials":[8,72],"used":[9,69],"in":[10,129],"the":[11,119,150],"metal":[12,37],"printing":[13],"process":[14,29,134],"of":[15,20,79,126,131,149],"building":[16],"a":[17],"wide":[18],"range":[19],"complex":[21],"parts":[22],"compared":[23],"other":[25,87],"AM":[26],"technologies.":[27],"PBF":[28,58],"has":[30],"several":[31],"variants":[32],"such":[33,90],"as":[34,91,108],"DMLS":[35],"(direct":[36],"laser":[38,50,55],"sintering),":[39,47],"EBM":[40],"(electron":[41],"beam":[42],"melting),":[43,51],"SHS":[44],"(selective":[45,49,54],"heat":[46],"SLM":[48],"and":[52,86,94,98,124,144],"SLS":[53],"sintering).":[56],"For":[57],"reach":[60],"its":[61],"maximum":[62],"potential,":[63],"machine":[64],"learning":[65],"(ML)":[66],"algorithms":[67,105],"are":[68],"with":[70],"suitable":[71],"achieve":[74],"goals":[75],"cost-effectively.":[76],"Various":[77],"applications":[78],"neural":[80],"networks,":[81],"including":[82],"ANNs,":[83],"CNNs,":[84],"RNNs,":[85],"popular":[88],"techniques":[89],"KNN,":[92],"SVM,":[93],"GP":[95],"were":[96,101,106],"reviewed,":[97],"future":[99],"challenges":[100],"discussed.":[102],"Some":[103],"special-purpose":[104],"listed":[107],"follows:":[109],"GAN,":[110],"SeDANN,":[111],"SCNN,":[112],"K-means,":[113],"PCA,":[114],"etc.":[115],"This":[116],"review":[117],"presents":[118],"evolution,":[120],"current":[121],"status,":[122],"challenges,":[123],"prospects":[125],"these":[127],"technologies":[128],"terms":[130],"material,":[132],"features,":[133],"parameters,":[135],"applications,":[136],"advantages,":[137],"disadvantages,":[138],"etc.,":[139],"explain":[141],"their":[142],"significance":[143],"provide":[145],"an":[146],"in-depth":[147],"understanding":[148],"same.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
