{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4302024342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9064669","title":"Data\u2010Driven Robust Optimization of the Vehicle Routing Problem with Uncertain Customers","display_name":"Data\u2010Driven Robust Optimization of the Vehicle Routing Problem with Uncertain Customers","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4302024342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9064669"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2022/9064669","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9064669","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2022/9064669.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2022/9064669.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031172993","display_name":"Jingling Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3427-8671"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166797","display_name":"Advanced Processing Technology (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05v8xqq83","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166797"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jingling Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Special Equipment Manufacturing and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China","Key Laboratory of Special Equipment Manufacturing and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Special Equipment Manufacturing and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Special Equipment Manufacturing and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492","https://openalex.org/I4210166797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066261104","display_name":"Yusu Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7788-7936"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166797","display_name":"Advanced Processing Technology (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05v8xqq83","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166797"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yusu Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Special Equipment Manufacturing and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China","Key Laboratory of Special Equipment Manufacturing and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Special Equipment Manufacturing and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Special Equipment Manufacturing and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492","https://openalex.org/I4210166797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087868935","display_name":"Qinbing Feng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166797","display_name":"Advanced Processing Technology (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05v8xqq83","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166797"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qinbing Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Special Equipment Manufacturing and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China","Key Laboratory of Special Equipment Manufacturing and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Special Equipment Manufacturing and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Special Equipment Manufacturing and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492","https://openalex.org/I4210166797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050960145","display_name":"Yanwei Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0810-4563"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166797","display_name":"Advanced Processing Technology (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05v8xqq83","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166797"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanwei Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Special Equipment Manufacturing and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China","Key Laboratory of Special Equipment Manufacturing and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Special Equipment Manufacturing and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Special Equipment Manufacturing and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492","https://openalex.org/I4210166797"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100401133","display_name":"Zheng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9330-0728"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031172993"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166797","https://openalex.org/I55712492"],"apc_list":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"apc_paid":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"fwci":0.6779,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74746909,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2022","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10328","display_name":"Supply Chain and Inventory Management","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11413","display_name":"Risk and Portfolio Optimization","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-routing-problem","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","score":0.7568756341934204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6673333644866943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.5059813857078552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.48880574107170105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robust-optimization","display_name":"Robust optimization","score":0.4686289131641388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.38409557938575745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.21360474824905396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.16754773259162903}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123784306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944041","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","level":3,"score":0.7568756341934204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6673333644866943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.5059813857078552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.48880574107170105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193254401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2160088","display_name":"Robust optimization","level":2,"score":0.4686289131641388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.38409557938575745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.21360474824905396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16754773259162903}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2022/9064669","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9064669","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2022/9064669.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:hin:complx:9064669","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2022/9064669.xml","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0722c789738741d684d633d4c114786e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0722c789738741d684d633d4c114786e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Complexity, Vol 2022 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2022/9064669","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9064669","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2022/9064669.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2550970293","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61402409","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3731602785","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DMETKF2022024","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326834","funder_display_name":"State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4281287978","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"LY19F030017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326834","display_name":"State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4302024342.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4302024342.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973089064","https://openalex.org/W1974861471","https://openalex.org/W2030293819","https://openalex.org/W2067508429","https://openalex.org/W2069988159","https://openalex.org/W2080032131","https://openalex.org/W2111563176","https://openalex.org/W2381031946","https://openalex.org/W2381346163","https://openalex.org/W2895857316","https://openalex.org/W2905222036","https://openalex.org/W2960595651","https://openalex.org/W2963450292","https://openalex.org/W2984431914","https://openalex.org/W2990193730","https://openalex.org/W3081133469","https://openalex.org/W3120722576","https://openalex.org/W3135223103","https://openalex.org/W3136908367","https://openalex.org/W4214717370","https://openalex.org/W4366774921"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3005017983","https://openalex.org/W2205708137","https://openalex.org/W3182145356","https://openalex.org/W3212504317","https://openalex.org/W1988872022","https://openalex.org/W2224558845","https://openalex.org/W1966197055","https://openalex.org/W3028487898","https://openalex.org/W2302257968","https://openalex.org/W2051074227"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,5,9,11,14,26,31,44,54,66,100,105,114,121,125,128,135,139],"increasing":[2],"proportion":[3],"of":[4,13,47,70],"logistics":[6],"industry":[7],"in":[8,94],"economy,":[10],"study":[12],"vehicle":[15,27,83],"routing":[16,28,84],"problem":[17,29],"has":[18,150],"practical":[19],"significance":[20],"for":[21,86],"economic":[22],"development.":[23],"Based":[24],"on":[25,113],"(VRP),":[30],"customer":[32,144],"presence":[33],"probability":[34],"data":[35,72],"are":[36],"introduced":[37,98],"as":[38],"an":[39],"uncertain":[40,48,87],"random":[41],"parameter,":[42],"and":[43,78,108,138],"VRP":[45],"model":[46,85,131],"customers":[49,88],"is":[50,89,97,117],"established.":[51,90],"By":[52],"optimizing":[53],"robust":[55,82,130,140],"uncertainty":[56],"model,":[57],"combined":[58],"with":[59,124],"a":[60,80,109],"data\u2010driven":[61],"kernel":[62],"density":[63],"estimation":[64],"method,":[65,127],"distribution":[67],"feature":[68],"set":[69],"historical":[71],"samples":[73],"can":[74,132],"then":[75],"be":[76],"fitted,":[77],"finally,":[79],"distributed":[81,129],"The":[91,146],"Q\u2010learning":[92,115],"algorithm":[93,111,116,148],"reinforcement":[95],"learning":[96],"into":[99],"high\u2010level":[101],"selection":[102],"strategy":[103],"using":[104],"hyper\u2010heuristic":[106,110],"algorithm,":[107],"based":[112],"designed":[118],"to":[119],"solve":[120],"problem.":[122],"Compared":[123],"certain":[126],"effectively":[133],"reduce":[134],"total":[136],"cost":[137],"conservatism":[141],"while":[142],"ensuring":[143],"satisfaction.":[145],"improved":[147],"also":[149],"good":[151],"performance.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
