{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4308567651","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8515810","title":"Handwritten Geez Digit Recognition Using Deep Learning","display_name":"Handwritten Geez Digit Recognition Using Deep Learning","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4308567651","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8515810"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2022/8515810","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8515810","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/acisc/2022/8515810.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30680879","display_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing","issn_l":"1687-9724","issn":["1687-9724","1687-9732"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/acisc/2022/8515810.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070518504","display_name":"Mukerem Ali Nur","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I865572129","display_name":"Adama Science and Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ccba128","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865572129"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mukerem Ali Nur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I865572129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075052115","display_name":"Mesfin Abebe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8806-9402"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I865572129","display_name":"Adama Science and Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ccba128","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865572129"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mesfin Abebe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I865572129"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036054475","display_name":"Rajesh Sharma R","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7486-5259"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I865572129","display_name":"Adama Science and Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ccba128","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865572129"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rajesh Sharma Rajendran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I865572129"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036054475"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I865572129"],"apc_list":{"value":900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":900},"apc_paid":{"value":900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":900},"fwci":1.5313,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8412547,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2022","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9814000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8834187388420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amharic","display_name":"Amharic","score":0.6665247678756714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6658651828765869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6584505438804626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digit-recognition","display_name":"Digit recognition","score":0.630324125289917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arabic","display_name":"Arabic","score":0.5335609912872314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5303890109062195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scripting-language","display_name":"Scripting language","score":0.5232297778129578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwriting-recognition","display_name":"Handwriting recognition","score":0.5195320248603821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5026884078979492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.49542295932769775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4391891658306122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.43882912397384644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.3768690228462219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.3549764156341553}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8834187388420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780900699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28244","display_name":"Amharic","level":2,"score":0.6665247678756714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6658651828765869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6584505438804626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984784707","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Digit recognition","level":3,"score":0.630324125289917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96455323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13955","display_name":"Arabic","level":2,"score":0.5335609912872314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5303890109062195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61423126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187432","display_name":"Scripting language","level":2,"score":0.5232297778129578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112640561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2440634","display_name":"Handwriting recognition","level":3,"score":0.5195320248603821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5026884078979492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.49542295932769775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4391891658306122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.43882912397384644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3768690228462219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.3549764156341553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2022/8515810","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8515810","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/acisc/2022/8515810.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30680879","display_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing","issn_l":"1687-9724","issn":["1687-9724","1687-9732"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3364117608bc40ed8fc614ba71cf5ca0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3364117608bc40ed8fc614ba71cf5ca0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing, Vol 2022 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2022/8515810","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8515810","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/acisc/2022/8515810.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30680879","display_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing","issn_l":"1687-9724","issn":["1687-9724","1687-9732"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.800000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4308567651.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4308567651.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2136922672","https://openalex.org/W2140531366","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2171886029","https://openalex.org/W2528751927","https://openalex.org/W2783389926","https://openalex.org/W2944817668","https://openalex.org/W2946131944","https://openalex.org/W2970510495","https://openalex.org/W2974074339","https://openalex.org/W2976771574","https://openalex.org/W2979057633","https://openalex.org/W2987747047","https://openalex.org/W3117569065","https://openalex.org/W4288023228","https://openalex.org/W4298857905"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388115778","https://openalex.org/W3003698998","https://openalex.org/W1567619293","https://openalex.org/W4384518531","https://openalex.org/W4386427232","https://openalex.org/W3177693432","https://openalex.org/W2768121648","https://openalex.org/W3046905433","https://openalex.org/W4385828739","https://openalex.org/W1964692985"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Amharic":[0,26],"language":[1,7],"is":[2,48,57,80,93,118,172],"the":[3,9,25,37,60,86,115,178,184,187,220,230],"second":[4],"most":[5],"spoken":[6],"in":[8,99,134],"Semitic":[10],"family":[11],"after":[12],"Arabic.":[13],"In":[14,112,209],"Ethiopia":[15],"and":[16,44,78,138,176,204],"neighboring":[17],"countries":[18],"more":[19],"than":[20],"100":[21],"million":[22],"people":[23],"speak":[24],"language.":[27],"There":[28],"are":[29,34,75,142],"many":[30],"historical":[31,41],"documents":[32,43,65],"that":[33],"written":[35],"using":[36,123,229],"Geez":[38,71,121,147,166,216],"script.":[39],"Digitizing":[40],"handwritten":[42,46,64,70,100,146,165,217],"recognizing":[45],"characters":[47],"essential":[49],"to":[50,119,144,174,211,224],"preserving":[51],"valuable":[52],"documents.":[53],"Handwritten":[54],"digit":[55,72,218],"recognition":[56,73,97,102,137,227],"one":[58],"of":[59,62,110,164,183,189,202,207],"tasks":[61],"digitizing":[63],"from":[66,107,169],"different":[67,108],"sources.":[68],"Currently,":[69],"researches":[74],"very":[76],"few,":[77],"there":[79],"no":[81],"available":[82],"organized":[83],"dataset":[84],"for":[85,95,155],"public":[87],"researchers.":[88],"Convolutional":[89],"neural":[90,126],"network":[91],"(CNN)":[92],"preferable":[94],"pattern":[96,136],"like":[98],"document":[101],"by":[103],"extracting":[104],"a":[105,205],"feature":[106],"styles":[109],"writing.":[111],"this":[113,150],"work,":[114],"proposed":[116,196],"model":[117,198],"recognize":[120,145],"digits":[122,167],"CNN.":[124],"Deep":[125],"networks,":[127],"which":[128,160],"have":[129],"recently":[130],"shown":[131],"exceptional":[132],"performance":[133,188],"numerous":[135],"machine":[139],"learning":[140],"applications,":[141],"used":[143,173],"digits,":[148],"but":[149],"has":[151,199],"not":[152],"been":[153],"attempted":[154],"Ethiopic":[156],"scripts.":[157],"Our":[158,195],"dataset,":[159],"contains":[161],"51,952":[162],"images":[163],"collected":[168],"524":[170],"individuals,":[171],"train":[175],"evaluate":[177],"CNN":[179,185,197,232],"model.":[180,233],"The":[181],"application":[182],"improves":[186],"several":[190],"machine-learning":[191],"classification":[192],"methods":[193],"significantly.":[194],"an":[200],"accuracy":[201,228],"96.21%":[203],"loss":[206],"0.2013.":[208],"comparison":[210],"earlier":[212],"research":[213],"works":[214],"on":[215],"recognition,":[219],"study":[221],"was":[222],"able":[223],"attain":[225],"higher":[226],"developed":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-06T13:50:29.536080","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}