{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3191380747","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9914557","title":"How Many Bedrooms Do You Need? A Real-Estate Recommender System from Architectural Floor Plan Images","display_name":"How Many Bedrooms Do You Need? A Real-Estate Recommender System from Architectural Floor Plan Images","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3191380747","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9914557","mag":"3191380747"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/9914557","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9914557","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/sp/2021/9914557.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166774750","display_name":"Scientific Programming","issn_l":"1058-9244","issn":["1058-9244","1875-919X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Programming","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/sp/2021/9914557.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078081101","display_name":"Y.S. Gan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3498-8489"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4880106","display_name":"Feng Chia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vhczg54","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4880106"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y.S. Gan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Architecture, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3498-8489","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Architecture, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4880106"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101828913","display_name":"Shih-Yuan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4675-7290"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shih-Yuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Institute of Architecture, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Institute of Architecture, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001148117","display_name":"Chieh-En Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4880106","display_name":"Feng Chia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vhczg54","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4880106"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chieh-En Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4880106"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027518900","display_name":"Yi-Chen Hsieh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4880106","display_name":"Feng Chia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vhczg54","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4880106"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi-Chen Hsieh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4880106"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022277602","display_name":"Hsiang\u2010Yu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4798-0670"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4880106","display_name":"Feng Chia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vhczg54","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4880106"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hsiang-Yu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4880106"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063231752","display_name":"Wen-Hung Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4880106","display_name":"Feng Chia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vhczg54","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4880106"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen-Hung Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4880106"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000180632","display_name":"Shing-Nam Chong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4880106","display_name":"Feng Chia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vhczg54","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4880106"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shing-Nam Chong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4880106"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001555686","display_name":"Sze\u2010Teng Liong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3867-1964"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4880106","display_name":"Feng Chia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vhczg54","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4880106"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sze-Teng Liong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3867-1964","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4880106"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001555686"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4880106"],"apc_list":{"value":1800,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1800},"apc_paid":{"value":1800,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1800},"fwci":0.9664,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79908288,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2021","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.975600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.975600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10121","display_name":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","score":0.923799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13920","display_name":"Urban Planning and Valuation","score":0.9200000166893005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plan","display_name":"Plan (archaeology)","score":0.716964840888977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/floor-plan","display_name":"Floor plan","score":0.6940783262252808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6375717520713806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recommender-system","display_name":"Recommender system","score":0.5960063338279724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-estate","display_name":"Real estate","score":0.5601375102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3710874617099762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3391638398170471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.29547303915023804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.2476082742214203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-drawing","display_name":"Engineering drawing","score":0.2148447036743164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.12400823831558228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1013791561126709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.10003882646560669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/archaeology","display_name":"Archaeology","score":0.061335474252700806}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776505523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785468","display_name":"Plan (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.716964840888977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61056293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18965","display_name":"Floor plan","level":2,"score":0.6940783262252808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6375717520713806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557471498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q554950","display_name":"Recommender system","level":2,"score":0.5960063338279724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82279013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q684740","display_name":"Real estate","level":2,"score":0.5601375102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3710874617099762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3391638398170471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.29547303915023804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2476082742214203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199639397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1788588","display_name":"Engineering drawing","level":1,"score":0.2148447036743164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.12400823831558228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1013791561126709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.10003882646560669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.061335474252700806}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/9914557","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9914557","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/sp/2021/9914557.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166774750","display_name":"Scientific Programming","issn_l":"1058-9244","issn":["1058-9244","1875-919X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Programming","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:hindawi.com:10.1155/2021/9914557","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9914557","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9914557","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400340","display_name":"Hindawi Journal of Chemistry (Hindawi)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210126990","host_organization_name":"Hindawi (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Research Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f829022885274ebcbd0cb4810afc0ed8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f829022885274ebcbd0cb4810afc0ed8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Programming, Vol 2021 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/9914557","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9914557","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/sp/2021/9914557.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166774750","display_name":"Scientific Programming","issn_l":"1058-9244","issn":["1058-9244","1875-919X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Programming","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1115003891","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 108-2218-E-009-054-MY2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4376362203","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 109-2221-E-035-065-MY2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6338124785","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 108-2218-E-035-018-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3191380747.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3191380747.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W172260869","https://openalex.org/W1677409904","https://openalex.org/W1832962863","https://openalex.org/W1898543992","https://openalex.org/W1970760264","https://openalex.org/W1972071930","https://openalex.org/W2031118188","https://openalex.org/W2041912050","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2117948387","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2279098554","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2737911916","https://openalex.org/W2779637370","https://openalex.org/W2785716265","https://openalex.org/W2906865001","https://openalex.org/W2962858109","https://openalex.org/W2964076802","https://openalex.org/W2965084509","https://openalex.org/W2979545921","https://openalex.org/W2983765792","https://openalex.org/W2984769683","https://openalex.org/W3011815595","https://openalex.org/W3014974815","https://openalex.org/W3022722800","https://openalex.org/W3046284518","https://openalex.org/W3109728105","https://openalex.org/W3110903244","https://openalex.org/W3112701542","https://openalex.org/W3121927849","https://openalex.org/W3125944047","https://openalex.org/W3128419043","https://openalex.org/W6674914833"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390273403","https://openalex.org/W4386781444","https://openalex.org/W3089318624","https://openalex.org/W2601855443","https://openalex.org/W2353399255","https://openalex.org/W2795221889","https://openalex.org/W1906329315","https://openalex.org/W2009807731","https://openalex.org/W2587707882","https://openalex.org/W2259679158"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,39],"paper":[1,103],"introduces":[2],"an":[3,10,75],"automated":[4],"image":[5,108,166],"processing":[6,109],"method":[7],"to":[8,44,57,115,135,181],"analyze":[9],"architectural":[11],"floor":[12,16],"plan":[13,17],"database.":[14],"The":[15],"information,":[18],"such":[19],"as":[20],"the":[21,24,30,41,46,49,58,66,69,81,87,94,98,106,117,121,137,140,171,184,187],"measurement":[22],"of":[23,32,48,51,68,139,151,170,186],"rooms,":[25],"dimension":[26],"lines,":[27],"and":[28,85,110,123,130],"even":[29],"location":[31],"each":[33],"room,":[34],"can":[35,72],"be":[36],"automatically":[37],"produced.":[38],"assists":[40],"real-estate":[42],"agents":[43],"maximise":[45],"chances":[47],"closure":[50],"deals":[52],"by":[53,92,119],"providing":[54],"explicit":[55],"insights":[56],"prospective":[59],"purchasers.":[60],"With":[61],"a":[62,144,146],"clear":[63],"idea":[64],"about":[65],"layout":[67],"place,":[70],"customers":[71],"quickly":[73],"make":[74],"analytical":[76],"decision.":[77],"Besides,":[78],"it":[79],"reduces":[80],"specialized":[82],"training":[83],"cost":[84],"increases":[86],"efficiency":[88],"in":[89],"business":[90],"actions":[91],"understanding":[93],"property":[95],"types":[96],"with":[97],"greatest":[99],"demand.":[100],"Succinctly,":[101],"this":[102],"utilizes":[104],"both":[105],"traditional":[107],"convolutional":[111],"neural":[112],"networks":[113],"(CNNs)":[114],"detect":[116],"bedrooms":[118],"undergoing":[120],"segmentation":[122],"classification":[124,149],"processes.":[125],"A":[126],"thorough":[127],"experiment,":[128],"analysis,":[129],"evaluation":[131],"had":[132],"been":[133],"performed":[134],"verify":[136],"effectiveness":[138],"proposed":[141],"framework.":[142],"As":[143],"result,":[145],"three-class":[147],"bedroom":[148],"accuracy":[150],"<math":[152],"xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[153],"id=\"M1\">":[154],"<mo>\u223c</mo>":[155],"</math>":[156],"90%":[157],"was":[158],"achieved":[159],"when":[160],"validating":[161],"on":[162],"more":[163],"than":[164],"500":[165],"samples":[167],"that":[168],"consist":[169],"different":[172],"room":[173],"numbers.":[174],"In":[175],"addition,":[176],"qualitative":[177],"findings":[178],"were":[179],"presented":[180],"manifest":[182],"visually":[183],"feasibility":[185],"algorithm":[188],"developed.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}