{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3176627107","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8870222","title":"Factors Affecting the Performance of Sub\u20101\u2009GHz IoT Wireless Networks","display_name":"Factors Affecting the Performance of Sub\u20101\u2009GHz IoT Wireless Networks","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3176627107","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8870222","mag":"3176627107"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/8870222","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8870222","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/wcmc/2021/8870222.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S235346","display_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1530-8669","issn":["1530-8669","1530-8677"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/wcmc/2021/8870222.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029266216","display_name":"Zebo Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0600-2141"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zebo Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science & Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis 63130, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science & Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis 63130, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038747536","display_name":"Ali Ghubaish","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3358-7680"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Ghubaish","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science & Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis 63130, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science & Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis 63130, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069329155","display_name":"Devrim \u00dcnal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3146-3502"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Devrim Unal","raw_affiliation_strings":["KINDI Center for Computing Research, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KINDI Center for Computing Research, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024922935","display_name":"Raj Jain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7023-0368"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raj Jain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science & Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis 63130, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science & Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis 63130, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029266216"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"],"apc_list":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"apc_paid":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"fwci":0.6072,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66853876,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"2021","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.9843000173568726,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11158","display_name":"Wireless Networks and Protocols","score":0.9775000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.9015374183654785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.6305966973304749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6090596318244934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5940039753913879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.5453119277954102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.5009469985961914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.27770113945007324}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.9015374183654785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.6305966973304749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6090596318244934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5940039753913879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.5453119277954102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.5009469985961914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.27770113945007324}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/8870222","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8870222","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/wcmc/2021/8870222.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S235346","display_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1530-8669","issn":["1530-8669","1530-8677"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3697fed90e5d4da2b5745dc9ae4d01f9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3697fed90e5d4da2b5745dc9ae4d01f9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, Vol 2021 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:hindawi.com:10.1155/2021/8870222","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8870222","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400340","display_name":"Hindawi Journal of Chemistry (Hindawi)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210126990","host_organization_name":"Hindawi (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Research Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:qspace.qu.edu.qa:10576/54070","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85109208192&origin=inward","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400014","display_name":"Qatar University QSpace (Qatar University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","host_organization_name":"Qatar University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/8870222","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8870222","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/wcmc/2021/8870222.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S235346","display_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1530-8669","issn":["1530-8669","1530-8677"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6200000047683716,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1659715620","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NPRP10","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","funder_display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2837153733","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Saudi Arabia","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311227","funder_display_name":"Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5464173255","display_name":"NETS: SMALL: Fault and Performance Management in Carrier-Grade Virtual Networks Over Multiple Clouds","funder_award_id":"1718929","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G598806521","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NPRP10-0125-170250","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","funder_display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G819598090","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1718929","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309815","display_name":"Qatar Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/01cawbq05"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311227","display_name":"Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/04jt46d36"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321038","display_name":"Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/039z13y21"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/01svaqq28"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3176627107.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3176627107.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W181032131","https://openalex.org/W631414194","https://openalex.org/W1552472869","https://openalex.org/W1552968913","https://openalex.org/W1999714747","https://openalex.org/W2010054375","https://openalex.org/W2017642810","https://openalex.org/W2038974780","https://openalex.org/W2054405892","https://openalex.org/W2062325373","https://openalex.org/W2066928868","https://openalex.org/W2098712171","https://openalex.org/W2126549548","https://openalex.org/W2128510063","https://openalex.org/W2132536388","https://openalex.org/W2162053441","https://openalex.org/W2166315371","https://openalex.org/W2482582593","https://openalex.org/W2526042539","https://openalex.org/W2899947464","https://openalex.org/W2909029109","https://openalex.org/W2909157189","https://openalex.org/W2917931339","https://openalex.org/W2945347431","https://openalex.org/W2981262669","https://openalex.org/W3104855311","https://openalex.org/W3164903073","https://openalex.org/W4237683166","https://openalex.org/W4253935083","https://openalex.org/W7070525401"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4245926026","https://openalex.org/W4311097251","https://openalex.org/W2586548817","https://openalex.org/W2625093826","https://openalex.org/W2950174689","https://openalex.org/W4200598720","https://openalex.org/W2921026492","https://openalex.org/W4247463117","https://openalex.org/W4361251261","https://openalex.org/W2908230797"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Internet":[0],"of":[1,79,147,156,165,168,193,226],"Things":[2],"(IoT)":[3],"devices":[4],"frequently":[5],"utilize":[6],"wireless":[7,65,83,248],"networks":[8],"operating":[9],"in":[10,54,86,98,138,149,158,196],"the":[11,26,112,139,145,154,163,194,197,203,208,211,219,228],"Industrial,":[12],"Scientific,":[13],"and":[14,33,47,67,75,108,126,135,171,180,182,187,199],"Medical":[15],"(ISM)":[16],"Sub\u20101":[17,27],"GHz":[18,28],"spectrum":[19],"bands.":[20],"Compared":[21],"with":[22,123],"higher":[23],"frequency":[24],"bands,":[25],"band":[29],"provides":[30],"broader":[31],"coverage":[32],"lower":[34],"power":[35,175],"consumption,":[36],"which":[37,231],"are":[38,114],"desirable":[39],"properties":[40],"for":[41],"low\u2010cost":[42,48,91],"IoT":[43,49,92,150,249],"applications.":[44],"However,":[45],"low\u2010power":[46],"modules":[50],"cause":[51],"high":[52,136],"variability":[53],"network":[55,84],"performance.":[56],"The":[57],"varying":[58],"influence":[59,205],"from":[60],"real\u2010world":[61,87,100],"environments":[62],"additionally":[63],"undermines":[64],"propagation":[66],"aggravates":[68],"this":[69],"variability.":[70],"We":[71,189],"explore":[72],"these":[73],"influences":[74],"provide":[76,222],"a":[77,117,120,223],"checklist":[78,225],"potential":[80],"factors":[81,157,195],"affecting":[82],"performance":[85],"environments.":[88],"Using":[89],"multiple":[90,96],"modules,":[93],"we":[94,152,221,232],"conduct":[95],"experiments":[97],"five":[99],"scenarios:":[101],"indoor,":[102],"street,":[103],"open":[104,131],"field,":[105],"ground\u2010to\u2010drone":[106],"(G2D),":[107],"drone\u2010to\u2010drone":[109],"(D2D).":[110],"Specifically,":[111],"tests":[113],"conducted":[115],"inside":[116],"building,":[118],"on":[119,129,247],"straight":[121],"street":[122],"wooded":[124],"sidewalks":[125],"aligned":[127],"houses,":[128],"an":[130],"field":[132],"golf":[133],"course,":[134],"up":[137],"air":[140],"between":[141],"drones.":[142],"To":[143],"understand":[144],"difficulty":[146],"reproducibility":[148],"deployments,":[151],"studied":[153],"effect":[155,164],"four":[159],"categories.":[160],"This":[161],"includes":[162],"path":[166,198],"(line":[167],"sight,":[169],"distance,":[170],"obstruction),":[172],"configuration":[173],"(transmit":[174],"level),":[176],"weather":[177,200],"(precipitation,":[178],"temperature,":[179],"humidity),":[181],"installation":[183],"(IoT":[184],"module":[185],"mobility":[186],"position).":[188],"find":[190],"that":[191],"some":[192],"categories":[201],"have":[202,213],"most":[204],"among":[206],"all":[207,227],"factors,":[209,230],"while":[210],"rest":[212],"moderate":[214],"to":[215,239,243],"low":[216],"impacts.":[217],"In":[218],"end,":[220],"complete":[224],"tested":[229],"believe":[233],"would":[234],"be":[235],"constructive":[236],"not":[237],"only":[238],"academics":[240],"but":[241],"also":[242],"industrial":[244],"practitioners":[245],"working":[246],"systems.":[250]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
