{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3154394899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8835859","title":"Context-Aware Services Using MANETs for Long-Distance Vehicular Systems: A Cognitive Agent-Based Model","display_name":"Context-Aware Services Using MANETs for Long-Distance Vehicular Systems: A Cognitive Agent-Based Model","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3154394899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8835859","mag":"3154394899"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/8835859","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8835859","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/sp/2021/8835859.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166774750","display_name":"Scientific Programming","issn_l":"1058-9244","issn":["1058-9244","1875-919X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Programming","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/sp/2021/8835859.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003324249","display_name":"Muhammad Raees","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1581-0378"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69716792","display_name":"Mirpur University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04qjkhc08","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69716792"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Raees","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Software Engineering, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur-10250 (AJK), Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1581-0378","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Software Engineering, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur-10250 (AJK), Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69716792"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030473011","display_name":"Tamim Ahmed Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8209-6100"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59225215","display_name":"Bahria University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v8d7770","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59225215"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tamim Ahmed Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Software Engineering, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8209-6100","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Software Engineering, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59225215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050121389","display_name":"Khurrum Mustafa Abbasi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6811-9417"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59225215","display_name":"Bahria University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v8d7770","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59225215"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khurrum Mustafa Abbasi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Software Engineering, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6811-9417","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Software Engineering, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59225215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101643393","display_name":"Afzal Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6103-7216"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69716792","display_name":"Mirpur University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04qjkhc08","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69716792"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Afzal Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Software Engineering, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur-10250 (AJK), Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6103-7216","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Software Engineering, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur-10250 (AJK), Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69716792"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036255774","display_name":"Samina Fazilat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9881-7136"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69716792","display_name":"Mirpur University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04qjkhc08","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69716792"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samina Fazilat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Software Engineering, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur-10250 (AJK), Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9881-7136","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Software Engineering, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur-10250 (AJK), Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69716792"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059520235","display_name":"Inaam Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5278-0876"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130438778","display_name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","ror":"https://ror.org/04haebc03","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Inaam Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Memorial University, Newfoundland, St. John\u2019s, Canada","Memorial University, Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5278-0876","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Memorial University, Newfoundland, St. John\u2019s, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Memorial University, Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030473011"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59225215"],"apc_list":{"value":1800,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1800},"apc_paid":{"value":1800,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1800},"fwci":0.2788,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54016492,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"2021","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/netlogo","display_name":"NetLogo","score":0.6726813912391663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6688084602355957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5994668006896973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-congestion","display_name":"Traffic congestion","score":0.5125596523284912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-transportation-system","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","score":0.5125033855438232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scarcity","display_name":"Scarcity","score":0.4746970534324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fleet-management","display_name":"Fleet management","score":0.42087388038635254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.3979795575141907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.3954271078109741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.33682042360305786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.3261106610298157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.17868447303771973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1702156364917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.1397910714149475}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167221231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q672307","display_name":"NetLogo","level":2,"score":0.6726813912391663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6688084602355957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5994668006896973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779888511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q244156","display_name":"Traffic congestion","level":2,"score":0.5125596523284912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47796450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508378","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","level":2,"score":0.5125033855438232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109747225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815758","display_name":"Scarcity","level":2,"score":0.4746970534324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777305159","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430291","display_name":"Fleet management","level":2,"score":0.42087388038635254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.3979795575141907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.3954271078109741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.33682042360305786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.3261106610298157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.17868447303771973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1702156364917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.1397910714149475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/8835859","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8835859","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/sp/2021/8835859.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166774750","display_name":"Scientific Programming","issn_l":"1058-9244","issn":["1058-9244","1875-919X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Programming","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0a6b80f22e714fe186c036532701ddd2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0a6b80f22e714fe186c036532701ddd2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Programming, Vol 2021 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:hindawi.com:10.1155/2021/8835859","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8835859","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400340","display_name":"Hindawi Journal of Chemistry (Hindawi)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210126990","host_organization_name":"Hindawi (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Research Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/8835859","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8835859","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/sp/2021/8835859.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166774750","display_name":"Scientific Programming","issn_l":"1058-9244","issn":["1058-9244","1875-919X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Programming","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3154394899.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3154394899.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W761179351","https://openalex.org/W1522372289","https://openalex.org/W1557577667","https://openalex.org/W1748272735","https://openalex.org/W1771209216","https://openalex.org/W1869865241","https://openalex.org/W1968068860","https://openalex.org/W1978480513","https://openalex.org/W1990887421","https://openalex.org/W2029458873","https://openalex.org/W2031309562","https://openalex.org/W2043359470","https://openalex.org/W2046764065","https://openalex.org/W2063584719","https://openalex.org/W2081245063","https://openalex.org/W2094527084","https://openalex.org/W2097010319","https://openalex.org/W2110638561","https://openalex.org/W2128170203","https://openalex.org/W2132230953","https://openalex.org/W2142578199","https://openalex.org/W2157632440","https://openalex.org/W2249445721","https://openalex.org/W2259671635","https://openalex.org/W2267884480","https://openalex.org/W2501841347","https://openalex.org/W2588213063","https://openalex.org/W2602197485","https://openalex.org/W2781998419","https://openalex.org/W2797271970","https://openalex.org/W2800189317","https://openalex.org/W2900589267","https://openalex.org/W2909795444","https://openalex.org/W2915575017","https://openalex.org/W2922254780","https://openalex.org/W2947738512","https://openalex.org/W2953682177","https://openalex.org/W2972860055","https://openalex.org/W2981039011","https://openalex.org/W2989729740","https://openalex.org/W3011439212","https://openalex.org/W4247568801","https://openalex.org/W4293399127","https://openalex.org/W6639318753","https://openalex.org/W6679681708","https://openalex.org/W6762884334"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4224013512","https://openalex.org/W3023917853","https://openalex.org/W2040907244","https://openalex.org/W2973192971","https://openalex.org/W4286521439","https://openalex.org/W4390341805","https://openalex.org/W3069032","https://openalex.org/W2982084411","https://openalex.org/W4210448965","https://openalex.org/W4360619413"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Long-distance":[0],"transportation":[1,25,236],"systems":[2,12,26,237],"play":[3],"an":[4],"important":[5],"role":[6],"in":[7,54,81],"economic":[8],"growth.":[9],"Yet,":[10],"these":[11],"are":[13,27,190],"incurred":[14],"with":[15],"multifaceted":[16],"delays":[17],"and":[18,31,50,93,152,182,187,210],"cost":[19],"problems.":[20,43],"The":[21,74,100,114,155,197,212,225],"major":[22],"incites":[23],"affecting":[24],"congestion,":[28,209],"breakdowns,":[29],"emergencies,":[30],"inclement":[32],"weather.":[33],"Scarcity":[34],"of":[35,90,142,177,234],"information":[36],"about":[37],"the":[38,70,87,104,118,127,160,178,207,232,235],"environment":[39],"also":[40],"exacerbates":[41],"travel":[42,240],"It":[44],"is":[45,76,132,140,185],"essential":[46],"to":[47,64,120,202,217,230],"employ":[48],"monitoring":[49,181],"guidance":[51,183,198],"that":[52],"aid":[53],"making":[55],"timely":[56],"decisions":[57,205],"through":[58,108,222],"premediated":[59,223],"information.":[60],"This":[61],"work":[62],"aims":[63],"provide":[65],"a":[66,170],"flexible":[67],"model":[68,75,116,213,227],"for":[69,97,175,206,220],"long-distance":[71,82],"transport":[72],"system.":[73],"based":[77],"on":[78],"problems":[79,194],"faced":[80],"transportation.":[83,99],"Moreover,":[84],"we":[85],"examine":[86],"possible":[88],"use":[89],"emerging":[91],"Information":[92],"Communication":[94],"Technologies":[95],"(ICTs)":[96],"better":[98],"system":[101,184,199],"dynamics":[102],"study":[103],"problem":[105],"at":[106],"hand":[107],"cognitive":[109],"agent-based":[110],"modelling":[111],"(ABM)":[112],"concepts.":[113],"integrated":[115],"lays":[117],"rules":[119],"abate":[121],"traffic":[122],"delays.":[123,196],"In":[124],"this":[125],"model,":[126],"distance":[128],"travelled":[129],"by":[130,192,238],"vehicles":[131,201,221],"divided":[133],"into":[134],"sections":[135],"using":[136],"checkpoints.":[137],"Every":[138],"section":[139],"composed":[141],"different":[143],"agents":[144],"such":[145],"as":[146],"medical":[147],"units,":[148],"police":[149],"stations,":[150],"workshops,":[151],"petrol":[153],"pumps.":[154],"vehicle":[156],"shifts":[157],"connection":[158],"over":[159],"mobile":[161],"ad":[162],"hoc":[163],"network":[164],"(MANET)":[165],"when":[166],"enters":[167],"or":[168],"leaves":[169],"section.":[171],"We":[172],"used":[173,216],"NetLogo":[174],"simulation":[176],"model.":[179],"A":[180],"tested,":[186],"obtained":[188],"results":[189],"analyzed":[191],"addressing":[193],"causing":[195],"helps":[200],"take":[203],"optimal":[204],"time,":[208],"rests.":[211],"can":[214,228],"be":[215],"improve":[218,231],"decision-making":[219],"decisions.":[224],"proposed":[226],"help":[229],"efficiency":[233],"reducing":[239],"time.":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}