{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3119899818","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6690152","title":"Industrial Structure, R&D Staff, and Green Total Factor Productivity of China: Evidence from the Low\u2010Carbon Pilot Cities","display_name":"Industrial Structure, R&D Staff, and Green Total Factor Productivity of China: Evidence from the Low\u2010Carbon Pilot Cities","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3119899818","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6690152","mag":"3119899818"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/6690152","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6690152","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2021/6690152.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2021/6690152.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003078971","display_name":"Shengqian Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9398-515X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158934434","display_name":"Zhongnan University of Economics and Law","ror":"https://ror.org/04yqxxq63","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158934434"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengqian Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Public Management School of Zhongnan University of Economic and Low, Wuhan 430073, Hubei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9398-515X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Public Management School of Zhongnan University of Economic and Low, Wuhan 430073, Hubei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158934434"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108284586","display_name":"Xue Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6376-214X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158934434","display_name":"Zhongnan University of Economics and Law","ror":"https://ror.org/04yqxxq63","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158934434"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xue Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Public Management School of Zhongnan University of Economic and Low, Wuhan 430073, Hubei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6376-214X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Public Management School of Zhongnan University of Economic and Low, Wuhan 430073, Hubei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158934434"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102746293","display_name":"Ting Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4526-8468"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158934434","display_name":"Zhongnan University of Economics and Law","ror":"https://ror.org/04yqxxq63","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158934434"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ting Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Public Management School of Zhongnan University of Economic and Low, Wuhan 430073, Hubei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4526-8468","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Public Management School of Zhongnan University of Economic and Low, Wuhan 430073, Hubei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158934434"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046517614","display_name":"Jincan Chu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0345-8773"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158934434","display_name":"Zhongnan University of Economics and Law","ror":"https://ror.org/04yqxxq63","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158934434"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jincan Chu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Public Management School of Zhongnan University of Economic and Low, Wuhan 430073, Hubei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0345-8773","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Public Management School of Zhongnan University of Economic and Low, Wuhan 430073, Hubei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158934434"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053391815","display_name":"Tang Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1040-5453"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4510145","display_name":"Jiangxi University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03q0t9252","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4510145"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Han Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Science, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1040-5453","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4510145"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108284586"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158934434"],"apc_list":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"apc_paid":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"fwci":6.2204,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9623836,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2021","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10438","display_name":"Energy, Environment, Economic Growth","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10438","display_name":"Energy, Environment, Economic Growth","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10435","display_name":"Environmental Impact and Sustainability","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11770","display_name":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/productivity","display_name":"Productivity","score":0.6415292024612427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-factor-productivity","display_name":"Total factor productivity","score":0.6339867115020752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.5064817667007446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-organization","display_name":"Industrial organization","score":0.4763879179954529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.4629460573196411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/realization","display_name":"Realization (probability)","score":0.43932846188545227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-policy","display_name":"Industrial policy","score":0.4268649220466614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-economics","display_name":"Environmental economics","score":0.41949862241744995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.4107719659805298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.3616531491279602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-system","display_name":"Economic system","score":0.35892143845558167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-geography","display_name":"Economic geography","score":0.33135294914245605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-management","display_name":"Operations management","score":0.33076879382133484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"Economic growth","score":0.28871655464172363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.19180041551589966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-trade","display_name":"International trade","score":0.16546180844306946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15425291657447815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.10882407426834106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.10305750370025635}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.6415292024612427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120009192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1936153","display_name":"Total factor productivity","level":3,"score":0.6339867115020752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.5064817667007446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.4763879179954529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.4629460573196411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781089630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21856745","display_name":"Realization (probability)","level":2,"score":0.43932846188545227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87980944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q664112","display_name":"Industrial policy","level":2,"score":0.4268649220466614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.41949862241744995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4107719659805298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3616531491279602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74363100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273005","display_name":"Economic system","level":1,"score":0.35892143845558167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26271046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187097","display_name":"Economic geography","level":1,"score":0.33135294914245605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.33076879382133484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.28871655464172363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.19180041551589966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.16546180844306946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15425291657447815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.10882407426834106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.10305750370025635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/6690152","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6690152","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2021/6690152.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2975fd9691514ea58a303be37f3d3ca1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2975fd9691514ea58a303be37f3d3ca1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Complexity, Vol 2021 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/6690152","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6690152","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2021/6690152.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1852738857","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"18YJC840015","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321106","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321106","display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322724","display_name":"Ministry of Education, India","ror":"https://ror.org/048xjjh50"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3119899818.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3119899818.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W238730391","https://openalex.org/W1592346924","https://openalex.org/W1970281254","https://openalex.org/W1971440513","https://openalex.org/W1989864366","https://openalex.org/W2022875322","https://openalex.org/W2041122661","https://openalex.org/W2055594890","https://openalex.org/W2079232565","https://openalex.org/W2111429804","https://openalex.org/W2113771285","https://openalex.org/W2115886550","https://openalex.org/W2117377679","https://openalex.org/W2124866803","https://openalex.org/W2245314764","https://openalex.org/W2506753585","https://openalex.org/W2520814338","https://openalex.org/W2531747305","https://openalex.org/W2775526912","https://openalex.org/W2796360836","https://openalex.org/W2799958475","https://openalex.org/W2889478747","https://openalex.org/W2914153004","https://openalex.org/W2916313820","https://openalex.org/W2921214451","https://openalex.org/W2946831462","https://openalex.org/W2965761837","https://openalex.org/W2969507335","https://openalex.org/W2999341168","https://openalex.org/W3017036468","https://openalex.org/W3086452535","https://openalex.org/W3122361158","https://openalex.org/W3123614689","https://openalex.org/W3124380383","https://openalex.org/W3124479856","https://openalex.org/W4229750850","https://openalex.org/W4292811746"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2902807880","https://openalex.org/W2022544890","https://openalex.org/W2394097730","https://openalex.org/W2086599643","https://openalex.org/W3119206349","https://openalex.org/W2567633059","https://openalex.org/W989834037","https://openalex.org/W2271295282","https://openalex.org/W2374210532","https://openalex.org/W2992318691"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Using":[0],"data":[1],"of":[2,52,58,114,121,130,138,157,164,191],"26":[3],"cities":[4,132],"in":[5,127,144,177,201],"China":[6],"from":[7],"2004":[8],"to":[9,187],"2017,":[10],"the":[11,19,29,35,49,56,119,128,154,158,162,189,192],"green":[12,43,159],"total":[13,44],"factor":[14,45],"productivity":[15,46],"is":[16,26,142],"investigated":[17],"by":[18],"SMM\u2010GML":[20],"method.":[21],"The":[22,136],"corresponding":[23],"empirical":[24],"analysis":[25],"conducted":[27],"with":[28],"DID":[30],"model.":[31],"This":[32],"paper":[33],"investigates":[34],"relation":[36],"between":[37],"low\u2010carbon":[38,193],"pilot":[39,72],"policy":[40,194],"(LCC)":[41],"and":[42,47,55,90,92,108,133,166,181,183,196],"discusses":[48],"mediating":[50],"effect":[51,70,137,190],"industrial":[53,81,87,93,178],"structure":[54,88,94,179],"number":[57],"R&D":[59],"staff":[60],"(RDS).":[61],"First,":[62],"we":[63],"find":[64],"that":[65],"LCC":[66,84,103,139],"has":[67],"a":[68],"significant":[69,143],"on":[71,140,174],"cities\u2019":[73],"GTFP.":[74],"And,":[75],"it":[76],"also":[77],"promotes":[78],"GTFP":[79,97,122,141,198],"via":[80],"structure.":[82],"Second,":[83],"can":[85],"improve":[86],"optimization":[89,100],"realization,":[91],"realization":[95],"affects":[96],"significantly,":[98],"while":[99],"cannot.":[101],"Third,":[102],"cannot":[104],"attract":[105],"more":[106],"RDS,":[107],"RDS":[109],"harms":[110],"local":[111,175],"GDFP":[112],"because":[113],"talent":[115],"misallocation.":[116],"At":[117],"last,":[118],"rate":[120],"presented":[123],"different":[124,171],"upward":[125],"trends":[126],"order":[129],"non\u2010eastern":[131,145,167],"eastern":[134,149,165],"cities.":[135],"cities,":[146],"but":[147],"not":[148],"ones,":[150],"which":[151],"clearly":[152],"demonstrates":[153],"imbalanced":[155],"development":[156],"economy.":[160],"Therefore,":[161],"governments":[163],"regions":[168],"should":[169],"adopt":[170],"measures":[172],"based":[173],"conditions":[176],"transformation":[180],"recruitment":[182],"strengthen":[184],"environmental":[185],"regulations":[186],"make":[188],"lasting":[195],"promote":[197],"growth":[199],"balance":[200],"all":[202],"regions.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}