{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3152652054","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6679398","title":"Gated Recurrent Unit with RSSIs from Heterogeneous Network for Mobile Positioning","display_name":"Gated Recurrent Unit with RSSIs from Heterogeneous Network for Mobile Positioning","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3152652054","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6679398","mag":"3152652054"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/6679398","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6679398","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/misy/2021/6679398.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S152111507","display_name":"Mobile Information Systems","issn_l":"1574-017X","issn":["1574-017X","1875-905X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mobile Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/misy/2021/6679398.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100619909","display_name":"Junxiang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6635-4296"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107712","display_name":"Fujian Business University","ror":"https://ror.org/01mc04w21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107712"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4400600914","display_name":"Fujian Chuanzheng Communications College","ror":"https://ror.org/02k44p231","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4400600914"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junxiang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Intelligent Transportation, Fujian Chuanzheng Communications College, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Intelligent Transportation, Fujian Chuanzheng Communications College, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107712","https://openalex.org/I4400600914"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086875702","display_name":"Canyang Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2164-369X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Canyang Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036405022","display_name":"Ling Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5293-8701"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ling Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China","Key Laboratory of Intelligent Metro of Universities in Fujian, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5293-8701","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Metro of Universities in Fujian, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036405022"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"],"apc_list":{"value":2550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2550},"apc_paid":{"value":2550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2550},"fwci":0.4818,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58350882,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"2021","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9872000217437744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8718701601028442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.7737047672271729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-neural-network","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","score":0.7022890448570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.6272497773170471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.5820530652999878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.48821213841438293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heterogeneous-network","display_name":"Heterogeneous network","score":0.46722421050071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-strength","display_name":"Signal strength","score":0.4379291236400604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3714480698108673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34652164578437805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3257923722267151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.21667897701263428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.21182188391685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.15254244208335876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.07725653052330017}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8718701601028442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.7737047672271729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.7022890448570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.6272497773170471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.5820530652999878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.48821213841438293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158207573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5747224","display_name":"Heterogeneous network","level":4,"score":0.46722421050071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176808163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105794","display_name":"Signal strength","level":3,"score":0.4379291236400604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3714480698108673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34652164578437805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3257923722267151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.21667897701263428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.21182188391685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.15254244208335876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.07725653052330017}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/6679398","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6679398","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/misy/2021/6679398.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S152111507","display_name":"Mobile Information Systems","issn_l":"1574-017X","issn":["1574-017X","1875-905X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mobile Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:34c2710d9e36497590066a0c5ea3bb4c","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/34c2710d9e36497590066a0c5ea3bb4c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Mobile Information Systems, Vol 2021 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/6679398","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6679398","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/misy/2021/6679398.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S152111507","display_name":"Mobile Information Systems","issn_l":"1574-017X","issn":["1574-017X","1875-905X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mobile Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1287684152","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020J05112","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325408","funder_display_name":"Fuzhou University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G162959871","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62002063","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1781444060","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"650634/JAT190026","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323190","funder_display_name":"Fujian Provincial Department of Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3168210837","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020J05112","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321878","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3208833749","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"510872/GXRC-20016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321878","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4023009078","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020J05112","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4024788527","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62002063","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321878","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4568659291","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020J05112","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323190","funder_display_name":"Fujian Provincial Department of Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4615030812","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"650634/JAT190026","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4861029250","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62002063","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323190","funder_display_name":"Fujian Provincial Department of Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4930014202","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"650634/JAT190026","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321878","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5027593236","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"510872/GXRC-20016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323190","funder_display_name":"Fujian Provincial Department of Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5510263135","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JAT190026","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325408","funder_display_name":"Fuzhou University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7514607037","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62002063","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325408","funder_display_name":"Fuzhou University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G774297383","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"650634/JAT190026","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325408","funder_display_name":"Fuzhou University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7797397331","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"510872/GXRC-20016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325408","funder_display_name":"Fuzhou University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8496850483","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"510872/GXRC-20016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321878","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323190","display_name":"Fujian Provincial Department of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00rgzpv08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325408","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3152652054.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3152652054.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1600744878","https://openalex.org/W2010918157","https://openalex.org/W2019577451","https://openalex.org/W2061277264","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2072853151","https://openalex.org/W2157331557","https://openalex.org/W2326347197","https://openalex.org/W2412901417","https://openalex.org/W2580662672","https://openalex.org/W2607595839","https://openalex.org/W2770819677","https://openalex.org/W2793736799","https://openalex.org/W2889013665","https://openalex.org/W2893731701","https://openalex.org/W2896156141","https://openalex.org/W2941227905","https://openalex.org/W2963608065","https://openalex.org/W2970476308","https://openalex.org/W2972355358","https://openalex.org/W3000334335","https://openalex.org/W3005272614","https://openalex.org/W3006154135","https://openalex.org/W3010701680","https://openalex.org/W3011387517","https://openalex.org/W3022043258","https://openalex.org/W3022862112","https://openalex.org/W3027472889","https://openalex.org/W3027629341","https://openalex.org/W3088056166"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4225394202","https://openalex.org/W4298287631","https://openalex.org/W2953061907","https://openalex.org/W1847088711","https://openalex.org/W3162200841","https://openalex.org/W3036642985","https://openalex.org/W2189050590","https://openalex.org/W2981172040","https://openalex.org/W3183882481","https://openalex.org/W2139051550"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"research":[1,48],"studies":[2,49],"on":[3,8,103],"Location-Based":[4],"Services":[5],"(LBSs)":[6],"based":[7,102],"networks":[9],"including":[10],"cellular":[11,55,74],"network":[12,15,27,56,60],"and":[13,31,77,121,126,154,168,184],"Wi-Fi":[14,59,81],"have":[16,142],"gradually":[17],"become":[18],"popular.":[19],"Received":[20],"Signal":[21],"Strength":[22],"Indicators":[23],"(RSSIs)":[24],"from":[25,110],"the":[26,38,42,51,111,116,122,131,148,151,159],"can":[28],"be":[29],"detected":[30],"collected":[32],"by":[33],"mobile":[34,99,134],"devices":[35],"to":[36,61,66,129,146],"estimate":[37,62,130],"locations":[39,132],"without":[40],"adopting":[41],"Global":[43],"Positioning":[44],"System":[45],"(GPS).":[46],"Previous":[47],"utilized":[50],"RSSIs":[52,109,120,125],"of":[53,73,80,91,119,133,139,150,170],"only":[54,58],"or":[57],"location,":[63],"which":[64],"leads":[65],"a":[67,87,98],"two-fold":[68],"predicament":[69],"involving":[70],"error":[71],"limits":[72],"network-based":[75,82],"methods":[76],"environmental":[78],"constraints":[79],"methods.":[83],"In":[84],"addition,":[85],"accommodating":[86],"highly":[88],"temporal":[89,117],"dependence":[90],"RSSI":[92],"series":[93],"data,":[94],"this":[95],"paper":[96],"proposed":[97,152,160],"positioning":[100],"system":[101],"Gated":[104],"Recurrent":[105,180],"Unit":[106],"(GRU)":[107],"with":[108,176],"heterogeneous":[112],"network.":[113],"GRU":[114],"learns":[115],"correlation":[118],"relationship":[123],"between":[124],"GPS":[127],"coordinates":[128],"devices.":[135],"A":[136],"large":[137],"number":[138],"real":[140],"experiments":[141],"been":[143],"carried":[144],"out":[145],"verify":[147],"performance":[149],"method,":[153],"experimental":[155],"results":[156],"demonstrate":[157],"that":[158],"method":[161],"has":[162],"lower":[163],"errors":[164,171],"(i.e.,":[165],"5.86":[166],"m":[167],"75%":[169],"within":[172],"4":[173],"m)":[174],"compared":[175],"Neural":[177,181],"Network":[178,182],"(NN),":[179],"(RNN),":[183],"Long":[185],"Short-Term":[186],"Memory":[187],"(LSTM).":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
