{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3134030690","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6671648","title":"A Blockchain System Based on Quantum-Resistant Digital Signature","display_name":"A Blockchain System Based on Quantum-Resistant Digital Signature","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3134030690","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6671648","mag":"3134030690"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/6671648","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6671648","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/scn/2021/6671648.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120683614","display_name":"Security and Communication Networks","issn_l":"1939-0114","issn":["1939-0114","1939-0122"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Security and Communication Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/scn/2021/6671648.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005621719","display_name":"Peijun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2359-9138"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152269853","display_name":"Qilu University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04hyzq608","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152269853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142748","display_name":"Shandong Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04y8d6y55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peijun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks, Shandong Computer Science Center (National Supercomputer Center in Jinan), Jinan 250014, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2359-9138","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks, Shandong Computer Science Center (National Supercomputer Center in Jinan), Jinan 250014, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152269853","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005738289","display_name":"Lianhai Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5701-3465"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152269853","display_name":"Qilu University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04hyzq608","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152269853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142748","display_name":"Shandong Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04y8d6y55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lianhai Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks, Shandong Computer Science Center (National Supercomputer Center in Jinan), Jinan 250014, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5701-3465","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks, Shandong Computer Science Center (National Supercomputer Center in Jinan), Jinan 250014, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152269853","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100392076","display_name":"Wei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7604-1576"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152269853","display_name":"Qilu University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04hyzq608","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152269853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142748","display_name":"Shandong Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04y8d6y55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks, Shandong Computer Science Center (National Supercomputer Center in Jinan), Jinan 250014, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7604-1576","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks, Shandong Computer Science Center (National Supercomputer Center in Jinan), Jinan 250014, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152269853","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025841883","display_name":"Kunlun Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9230-7410"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152269853","display_name":"Qilu University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04hyzq608","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152269853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142748","display_name":"Shandong Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04y8d6y55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kunlun Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks, Shandong Computer Science Center (National Supercomputer Center in Jinan), Jinan 250014, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9230-7410","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks, Shandong Computer Science Center (National Supercomputer Center in Jinan), Jinan 250014, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152269853","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100376308","display_name":"Jinpeng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5764-9589"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158984","display_name":"National Supercomputing Center in Wuxi","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypjrs34","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158984"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinpeng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Computer Science Center (National Supercomputer Center in Jinan), Jinan 250014, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5764-9589","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Computer Science Center (National Supercomputer Center in Jinan), Jinan 250014, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005738289"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152269853","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"],"apc_list":{"value":2100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2100},"apc_paid":{"value":2100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2100},"fwci":4.4196,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95168654,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2021","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.8705296516418457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7989935874938965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hash-function","display_name":"Hash function","score":0.5107455253601074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptosystem","display_name":"Cryptosystem","score":0.5038842558860779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4529210925102234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elliptic-curve-digital-signature-algorithm","display_name":"Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm","score":0.42235270142555237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-computer","display_name":"Quantum computer","score":0.41418713331222534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.3481294512748718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.3219767212867737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.2783508598804474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.21924251317977905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elliptic-curve-cryptography","display_name":"Elliptic curve cryptography","score":0.18118256330490112}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.8705296516418457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7989935874938965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99138194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183427","display_name":"Hash function","level":2,"score":0.5107455253601074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6295992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q976521","display_name":"Cryptosystem","level":3,"score":0.5038842558860779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4529210925102234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197966572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q915079","display_name":"Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm","level":5,"score":0.42235270142555237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.41418713331222534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.3481294512748718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.3219767212867737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.2783508598804474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.21924251317977905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167615521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048911","display_name":"Elliptic curve cryptography","level":4,"score":0.18118256330490112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/6671648","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6671648","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/scn/2021/6671648.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120683614","display_name":"Security and Communication Networks","issn_l":"1939-0114","issn":["1939-0114","1939-0122"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Security and Communication Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b576f0e1d84f42a5be88c2700073add7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b576f0e1d84f42a5be88c2700073add7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Security and Communication Networks, Vol 2021 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/6671648","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6671648","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/scn/2021/6671648.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120683614","display_name":"Security and Communication Networks","issn_l":"1939-0114","issn":["1939-0114","1939-0122"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Security and Communication Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6100000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1048064506","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u591a\u5c42\u7f51\u7edc\u514d\u75ab\u673a\u5236\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61702309","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1796300196","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFB0804104","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1828939893","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018CXGC0701","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2046538446","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61702309","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324887","funder_display_name":"Shandong Academy of Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2523181259","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFC0830102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2842710198","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019GGX105003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324887","funder_display_name":"Shandong Academy of Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2877275681","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018CXGC0701","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324887","funder_display_name":"Shandong Academy of Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2978932447","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019JZZY020129","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4049572663","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020KJC-ZD02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324887","funder_display_name":"Shandong Academy of Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4065845050","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFC0830102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324887","funder_display_name":"Shandong Academy of Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4443886305","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019JZZY020715","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4661632925","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019GGX105003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G474788812","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019JZZY010134","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5118037297","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019JZZY010134","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324887","funder_display_name":"Shandong Academy of Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5215770156","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFC0830102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5543416480","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020KJC-ZD02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6483451229","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFB0804104","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324887","funder_display_name":"Shandong Academy of Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G674939637","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020KJC-GH11","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324887","funder_display_name":"Shandong Academy of Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6998246991","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019JZZY020129","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324887","funder_display_name":"Shandong Academy of Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7318983549","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019JZZY020129","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7361088288","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020KJC-GH11","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7419208651","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019JZZY020127","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324887","funder_display_name":"Shandong Academy of Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7719439532","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019JZZY020127","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7848918329","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFB0804104","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7856138551","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019JZZY020715","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324887","funder_display_name":"Shandong Academy of Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7889279826","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020KJC-ZD02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328720","funder_display_name":"Qilu University of Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8652978757","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018CXGC0701","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324887","display_name":"Shandong Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04y8d6y55"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328720","display_name":"Qilu University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04hyzq608"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3134030690.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3134030690.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W52733585","https://openalex.org/W184673273","https://openalex.org/W1521649858","https://openalex.org/W1844512392","https://openalex.org/W1972050218","https://openalex.org/W2007466965","https://openalex.org/W2026402424","https://openalex.org/W2032830293","https://openalex.org/W2054632425","https://openalex.org/W2070955136","https://openalex.org/W2127805957","https://openalex.org/W2137147061","https://openalex.org/W2294581071","https://openalex.org/W2338676105","https://openalex.org/W2555782333","https://openalex.org/W2600551943","https://openalex.org/W2772453898","https://openalex.org/W2781688509","https://openalex.org/W2783232377","https://openalex.org/W2802967788","https://openalex.org/W2903928648","https://openalex.org/W2969357215","https://openalex.org/W3015421697","https://openalex.org/W3118771269","https://openalex.org/W6746767496"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W3048554917","https://openalex.org/W3211706803","https://openalex.org/W4382775358","https://openalex.org/W4246942721","https://openalex.org/W3209862047","https://openalex.org/W4386732777","https://openalex.org/W4304136894","https://openalex.org/W2989851257"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Blockchain,":[0],"which":[1,66],"has":[2,6],"a":[3,59,95,100,105,127,173],"distributed":[4],"structure,":[5],"been":[7],"widely":[8],"used":[9,49,86],"in":[10,14,50,99],"many":[11],"areas.":[12],"Especially":[13],"the":[15,31,40,69,79,113,119,133,142,146,160,179,182],"area":[16],"of":[17,28,33,43,71,81,108,118,136,149,162,181],"smart":[18,34],"cities,":[19],"blockchain":[20,29,51,60,101,143,185],"technology":[21],"shows":[22],"great":[23],"potential.":[24],"The":[25,74,187],"security":[26],"issues":[27],"affect":[30,112],"construction":[32],"cities":[35],"to":[36,177,192],"varying":[37],"degrees.":[38],"With":[39],"rapid":[41],"development":[42],"quantum":[44,72],"computation,":[45],"elliptic":[46],"curves":[47],"cryptosystems":[48,89],"are":[52],"not":[53],"secure":[54],"enough.":[55],"This":[56],"paper":[57],"presents":[58],"system":[61],"based":[62],"on":[63,141,151],"lattice":[64,88],"cipher,":[65],"can":[67,102],"resist":[68],"attack":[70],"computation.":[73],"most":[75],"challenge":[76],"is":[77,90,168,190],"that":[78,129],"size":[80],"public":[82,137],"keys":[83,138],"and":[84,116,139,144,195],"signatures":[85,140],"by":[87,165],"typically":[91],"very":[92],"large.":[93],"As":[94],"result,":[96],"each":[97,166],"block":[98],"only":[103,131],"accommodate":[104],"small":[106],"number":[107,161],"transactions.":[109],"It":[110],"will":[111],"running":[114],"speed":[115],"performance":[117,180],"blockchain.":[120],"For":[121],"overcoming":[122],"this":[123,158],"problem,":[124],"we":[125,130],"proposed":[126,183],"way":[128],"put":[132],"hash":[134],"values":[135],"store":[145],"complete":[147],"content":[148],"them":[150],"an":[152],"IPFS":[153],"(interplanetary":[154],"file":[155],"system).":[156],"In":[157],"way,":[159],"bytes":[163],"occupied":[164],"transaction":[167],"greatly":[169],"reduced.":[170],"We":[171],"design":[172],"bitcoin":[174],"exchange":[175],"scheme":[176],"evaluate":[178],"quantum-resistant":[184],"system.":[186],"simulation":[188],"platform":[189],"verified":[191],"be":[193],"available":[194],"effective.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}