{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3132688165","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6658785","title":"A Source Number Estimation Algorithm Based on Data Local Density and Fuzzy C\u2010Means Clustering","display_name":"A Source Number Estimation Algorithm Based on Data Local Density and Fuzzy C\u2010Means Clustering","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3132688165","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6658785","mag":"3132688165"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/6658785","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6658785","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/wcmc/2021/6658785.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S235346","display_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1530-8669","issn":["1530-8669","1530-8677"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/wcmc/2021/6658785.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019510686","display_name":"Na Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2464-7856"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Na Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Broadband Wireless Communication and Internet of Things, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, China","School of Internet of Things, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2464-7856","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Broadband Wireless Communication and Internet of Things, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Internet of Things, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100726480","display_name":"Ke Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8483-3047"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177739611","display_name":"Yangtze University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bhmhz54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177739611"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ke Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic and Information School, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8483-3047","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic and Information School, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177739611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026853484","display_name":"Liangtian Wan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0574-8360"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liangtian Wan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for Ubiquitous Network and Service Software of Liaoning Province and School of Software, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116620, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0574-8360","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Ubiquitous Network and Service Software of Liaoning Province and School of Software, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116620, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101556110","display_name":"Ning Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9687-5036"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ning Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Internet of Things, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9687-5036","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Internet of Things, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101556110"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"],"apc_list":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"apc_paid":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"fwci":0.6174,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65019088,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2021","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.974399983882904,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9559999704360962,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8575168251991272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.649643063545227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5202494859695435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-clustering","display_name":"Fuzzy clustering","score":0.5184804797172546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.5165097117424011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5134633183479309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/density-estimation","display_name":"Density estimation","score":0.44392505288124084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.30678659677505493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.13471609354019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1150369942188263}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8575168251991272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.649643063545227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5202494859695435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17212007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5511111","display_name":"Fuzzy clustering","level":3,"score":0.5184804797172546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.5165097117424011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5134633183479309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189508267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17088227","display_name":"Density estimation","level":3,"score":0.44392505288124084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30678659677505493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.13471609354019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1150369942188263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/6658785","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6658785","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/wcmc/2021/6658785.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S235346","display_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1530-8669","issn":["1530-8669","1530-8677"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2ef605ebe40a480ca354167906fb7371","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2ef605ebe40a480ca354167906fb7371","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, Vol 2021 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/6658785","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6658785","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/wcmc/2021/6658785.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S235346","display_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1530-8669","issn":["1530-8669","1530-8677"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1001473810","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61802207","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323268","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324852","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3132688165.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3132688165.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1580460461","https://openalex.org/W2009506162","https://openalex.org/W2096710051","https://openalex.org/W2108689266","https://openalex.org/W2109069892","https://openalex.org/W2127421076","https://openalex.org/W2128056385","https://openalex.org/W2152687999","https://openalex.org/W2165835468","https://openalex.org/W2381925260","https://openalex.org/W2414297402","https://openalex.org/W2763708625","https://openalex.org/W2784061726","https://openalex.org/W2901719513","https://openalex.org/W2943802243","https://openalex.org/W2951169187","https://openalex.org/W2992047026","https://openalex.org/W3012032281","https://openalex.org/W3013941712","https://openalex.org/W3016102015","https://openalex.org/W3030261573","https://openalex.org/W3095948622","https://openalex.org/W3097932407"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2945382830","https://openalex.org/W4224807364","https://openalex.org/W2596632494","https://openalex.org/W2535986621","https://openalex.org/W1980197432","https://openalex.org/W2382432689","https://openalex.org/W2000612978","https://openalex.org/W4388110928","https://openalex.org/W1483228865","https://openalex.org/W4292434959"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"advanced":[1],"source":[2,123],"number":[3,32,124],"estimation":[4],"(SNE)":[5],"algorithm":[6,65,83,104,115],"based":[7,66,84,105],"on":[8,67,85,106],"both":[9,126],"fuzzy":[10],"C\u2010means":[11],"clustering":[12],"(FCM)":[13],"and":[14,69,109,132],"data":[15,45],"local":[16,49],"density":[17,50],"(DLD)":[18],"is":[19,60],"proposed":[20,114],"in":[21,125],"this":[22,40],"paper.":[23],"The":[24],"DLD":[25],"of":[26,33,39,57,76,80,120,128],"an":[27],"eigenvalue":[28,41],"refers":[29],"to":[30,43,72,101],"the":[31,44,53,58,63,74,81,86,102,107,121],"eigenvalues":[34],"within":[35],"a":[36],"specific":[37],"neighborhood":[38],"belonging":[42],"covariance":[46],"matrix.":[47],"This":[48],"essentially":[51],"as":[52],"one\u2010dimensional":[54],"sample":[55],"feature":[56],"FCM":[59,68,87,108],"extracted":[61],"into":[62],"SNE":[64,82,103],"can":[70,116],"enable":[71],"improve":[73],"probability":[75],"correct":[77],"detection":[78],"(PCD)":[79],"especially":[88],"for":[89],"low":[90],"signal\u2010to\u2010noise":[91],"ratio":[92],"(SNR)":[93],"environment.":[94],"Comparison":[95],"experiment":[96],"results":[97],"demonstrate":[98],"that":[99],"compared":[100],"other":[110],"similar":[111],"algorithms,":[112],"our":[113],"achieve":[117],"highest":[118],"PCD":[119],"incident":[122],"cases":[127],"spatial":[129,133],"white":[130],"noise":[131],"correlation":[134],"noise.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
