{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3159389381","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6658552","title":"Predicting the Number of COVID-19 Sufferers in Malang City Using the Backpropagation Neural Network with the Fletcher\u2013Reeves Method","display_name":"Predicting the Number of COVID-19 Sufferers in Malang City Using the Backpropagation Neural Network with the Fletcher\u2013Reeves Method","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3159389381","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6658552","mag":"3159389381"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/6658552","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6658552","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/acisc/2021/6658552.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30680879","display_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing","issn_l":"1687-9724","issn":["1687-9724","1687-9732"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/acisc/2021/6658552.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009714269","display_name":"Syaiful Anam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6627-0084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177055848","display_name":"University of Brawijaya","ror":"https://ror.org/01wk3d929","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177055848"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Syaiful Anam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6627-0084","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177055848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031639918","display_name":"Mochamad Hakim Akbar Assidiq Maulana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0806-5752"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177055848","display_name":"University of Brawijaya","ror":"https://ror.org/01wk3d929","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177055848"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mochamad Hakim Akbar Assidiq Maulana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0806-5752","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177055848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086077400","display_name":"Noor Hidayat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1098-415X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177055848","display_name":"University of Brawijaya","ror":"https://ror.org/01wk3d929","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177055848"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noor Hidayat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1098-415X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177055848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070284607","display_name":"Indah Yanti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9384-2749"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177055848","display_name":"University of Brawijaya","ror":"https://ror.org/01wk3d929","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177055848"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Indah Yanti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9384-2749","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177055848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082225005","display_name":"Zuraidah Fitriah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0406-0591"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177055848","display_name":"University of Brawijaya","ror":"https://ror.org/01wk3d929","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177055848"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zuraidah Fitriah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0406-0591","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177055848"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050493557","display_name":"Dwi Mifta Mahanani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6228-2547"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177055848","display_name":"University of Brawijaya","ror":"https://ror.org/01wk3d929","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177055848"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dwi Mifta Mahanani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6228-2547","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177055848"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009714269"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177055848"],"apc_list":{"value":900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":900},"apc_paid":{"value":900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":900},"fwci":2.5596,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90950259,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2021","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13373","display_name":"Data Mining and Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13373","display_name":"Data Mining and Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.9883999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13674","display_name":"Computer Science and Engineering","score":0.982200026512146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backpropagation","display_name":"Backpropagation","score":0.9441593289375305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.8199527263641357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gradient-descent","display_name":"Gradient descent","score":0.7833685874938965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6995541453361511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.5771842002868652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.5770773887634277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5468220710754395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.5176551938056946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-gradient-descent","display_name":"Stochastic gradient descent","score":0.44964420795440674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rate-of-convergence","display_name":"Rate of convergence","score":0.41715508699417114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1707979142665863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.15969711542129517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infectious-disease","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","score":0.10295268893241882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.07970809936523438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease","display_name":"Disease","score":0.06773382425308228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.06281736493110657}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155032097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798503","display_name":"Backpropagation","level":3,"score":0.9441593289375305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.8199527263641357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153258448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1199743","display_name":"Gradient descent","level":3,"score":0.7833685874938965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6995541453361511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5771842002868652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.5770773887634277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5468220710754395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.5176551938056946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206688291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7617819","display_name":"Stochastic gradient descent","level":3,"score":0.44964420795440674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57869625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783502","display_name":"Rate of convergence","level":3,"score":0.41715508699417114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1707979142665863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.15969711542129517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.10295268893241882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.07970809936523438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.06773382425308228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.06281736493110657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/6658552","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6658552","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/acisc/2021/6658552.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30680879","display_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing","issn_l":"1687-9724","issn":["1687-9724","1687-9732"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d9e8930bf8c340deba3ffaec2344e7bb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d9e8930bf8c340deba3ffaec2344e7bb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing, Vol 2021 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/6658552","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6658552","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/acisc/2021/6658552.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30680879","display_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing","issn_l":"1687-9724","issn":["1687-9724","1687-9732"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.41999998688697815}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3159389381.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3159389381.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W342359399","https://openalex.org/W2112117949","https://openalex.org/W2744819847","https://openalex.org/W2887256589","https://openalex.org/W2968670510","https://openalex.org/W2972753504","https://openalex.org/W2979710882","https://openalex.org/W3010796497","https://openalex.org/W3012045047","https://openalex.org/W3012883833","https://openalex.org/W3014524604","https://openalex.org/W3038060658","https://openalex.org/W3067243057","https://openalex.org/W3083193624","https://openalex.org/W3090434283"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2115605526","https://openalex.org/W3093883775","https://openalex.org/W1539246760","https://openalex.org/W2786746258","https://openalex.org/W4225893763","https://openalex.org/W2788727425","https://openalex.org/W2405196115","https://openalex.org/W2104893957","https://openalex.org/W2971074373","https://openalex.org/W4402471162"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"COVID-19":[0,18,24,39,50,62,168],"is":[1,9,81,126,132,209,223],"a":[2,35,94,136,145,161,195],"type":[3,95],"of":[4,17,61,75,96,167],"an":[5,65],"infectious":[6],"disease":[7],"that":[8,85,185],"caused":[10],"by":[11,211],"the":[12,45,49,59,69,73,82,111,116,121,127,141,150,165,173,178,186,191,199,204,212,219,226,230,235],"new":[13],"coronavirus.":[14],"The":[15,181],"spread":[16,74],"needs":[19],"to":[20,71,134],"be":[21],"suppressed":[22],"because":[23],"can":[25],"cause":[26],"death,":[27],"especially":[28],"for":[29,164],"sufferers":[30,63,169],"with":[31,103,177,190,203,234],"congenital":[32],"diseases":[33],"and":[34],"weak":[36],"immune":[37],"system.":[38],"spreads":[40,48],"through":[41,52],"direct":[42],"contact,":[43],"wherein":[44],"infected":[46],"individual":[47],"virus":[51],"cough,":[53],"sneeze,":[54],"or":[55],"close":[56],"contacts.":[57],"Predicting":[58],"number":[60,166],"becomes":[64],"important":[66],"task":[67],"in":[68,89,124,170],"effort":[70],"curb":[72],"COVID-19.":[76],"Artificial":[77],"neural":[78,175,188,201,232],"network":[79,176,189,202,233],"(ANN)":[80],"prediction":[83,162],"method":[84,113,123,143,193,221],"delivers":[86],"effective":[87],"results":[88,183],"doing":[90],"this":[91,156,158],"job.":[92],"Backpropagation,":[93],"ANN":[97,125],"algorithm,":[98],"offers":[99],"predictive":[100],"problem":[101],"solving":[102],"good":[104],"performance.":[105],"However,":[106],"its":[107],"performance":[108,197],"depends":[109],"on":[110,155],"optimization":[112,122],"applied":[114],"during":[115],"training":[117],"process.":[118],"In":[119],"general,":[120],"gradient":[128,151,205,236],"descent":[129,152,206,237],"method,":[130],"which":[131,222],"known":[133],"have":[135],"slow":[137],"convergence":[138,147],"rate.":[139],"Meanwhile,":[140],"Fletcher\u2013Reeves":[142,179,192],"has":[144,194],"faster":[146],"rate":[148],"than":[149,198,225],"method.":[153,180,207,238],"Based":[154],"hypothesis,":[157],"paper":[159],"proposes":[160],"model":[163],"Malang":[171],"using":[172],"Backpropagation":[174,187,200,231],"experimental":[182],"show":[184],"better":[196],"This":[208],"shown":[210],"Means":[213],"Square":[214],"Error":[215],"(MSE)":[216],"resulting":[217,228],"from":[218,229],"proposed":[220],"smaller":[224],"MSE":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}