{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3199330425","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6065119","title":"Remote and Rural Connectivity: Infrastructure and Resource Sharing Principles","display_name":"Remote and Rural Connectivity: Infrastructure and Resource Sharing Principles","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3199330425","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6065119","mag":"3199330425"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/6065119","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6065119","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/wcmc/2021/6065119.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S235346","display_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1530-8669","issn":["1530-8669","1530-8677"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/wcmc/2021/6065119.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007920773","display_name":"Thembelihle Dlamini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0673-1360"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16969244","display_name":"University of Eswatini","ror":"https://ror.org/05nv2rz39","country_code":"SZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16969244"]}],"countries":["SZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thembelihle Dlamini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Eswatini, Kwaluseni, Eswatini"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0673-1360","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Eswatini, Kwaluseni, Eswatini","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16969244"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087056551","display_name":"Sifiso Vilakati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7251-4033"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16969244","display_name":"University of Eswatini","ror":"https://ror.org/05nv2rz39","country_code":"SZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16969244"]}],"countries":["SZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sifiso Vilakati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Statistics and Demography, University of Eswatini, Kwaluseni, Eswatini"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7251-4033","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Statistics and Demography, University of Eswatini, Kwaluseni, Eswatini","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16969244"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007920773"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16969244"],"apc_list":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"apc_paid":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"fwci":1.1216,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79588876,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2021","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.9890000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.9890000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.987500011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9828000068664551,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.874889612197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shared-resource","display_name":"Shared resource","score":0.5856029987335205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.5190625786781311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-infrastructure","display_name":"Critical infrastructure","score":0.42356327176094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.37767425179481506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.35594040155410767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2751932740211487}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.874889612197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51332947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172305","display_name":"Shared resource","level":2,"score":0.5856029987335205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.5190625786781311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29852176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373338","display_name":"Critical infrastructure","level":2,"score":0.42356327176094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.37767425179481506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.35594040155410767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2751932740211487}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/6065119","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6065119","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/wcmc/2021/6065119.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S235346","display_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1530-8669","issn":["1530-8669","1530-8677"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c82eebf0645a464bbc6249a1850eb04e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c82eebf0645a464bbc6249a1850eb04e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, Vol 2021 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:uni-augsburg.opus-bayern.de:117453","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://opus.bibliothek.uni-augsburg.de/opus4/frontdoor/index/index/docId/117453","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400930","display_name":"OPUS (Augsburg University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I119916105","host_organization_name":"Augsburg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119916105"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"doc-type:article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.research.unipd.it:11577/3542199","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11577/3542199","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196283","display_name":"Research Padua  Archive (University of Padua)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","host_organization_name":"University of Padua","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/6065119","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6065119","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/wcmc/2021/6065119.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S235346","display_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1530-8669","issn":["1530-8669","1530-8677"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4399999976158142}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3199330425.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3199330425.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2033749963","https://openalex.org/W2071128130","https://openalex.org/W2149193118","https://openalex.org/W2166744225","https://openalex.org/W2168317619","https://openalex.org/W2361819300","https://openalex.org/W2595090509","https://openalex.org/W2604119386","https://openalex.org/W2770285603","https://openalex.org/W2907445159","https://openalex.org/W2963996746","https://openalex.org/W2972089257","https://openalex.org/W2988857166","https://openalex.org/W3028002358","https://openalex.org/W3113243329","https://openalex.org/W3125326322","https://openalex.org/W3192445702"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2963077982","https://openalex.org/W4242728933","https://openalex.org/W2493430149","https://openalex.org/W3088911518","https://openalex.org/W4385250032","https://openalex.org/W2767924451","https://openalex.org/W2351310358","https://openalex.org/W2364109809","https://openalex.org/W2388204182","https://openalex.org/W2372939722"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"mobile":[1,8,26,149,223],"networks":[2],"(MNs)":[3],"are":[4,28,40,51,277],"advancing":[5],"towards":[6,85,128],"meeting":[7],"user":[9,47],"requirements,":[10,48],"the":[11,22,44,99,129,142,148,152,199,207,211,215,220,232,237,247,261,270,274],"rural\u2010urban":[12],"divide":[13],"still":[14],"remains":[15],"a":[16,108,177,280],"major":[17],"challenge.":[18],"While":[19],"areas":[20,50,73,82],"within":[21],"urban":[23,186],"space":[24],"(metropolitan":[25],"space)":[27],"being":[29],"developed,":[30],"i.e.,":[31,160],"small":[32],"Base":[33],"Stations":[34],"(BSs)":[35],"empowered":[36],"with":[37,138,151,246],"computing":[38,139,165],"capabilities":[39],"deployed":[41],"to":[42,55,88,94,98,183,231],"improve":[43],"delivery":[45],"of":[46,57,69,133,155,179,185,222],"rural":[49,119,173],"left":[52],"behind.":[53],"Due":[54],"challenges":[56],"low":[58,61,75],"population":[59],"density,":[60],"income,":[62],"difficult":[63],"terrain,":[64],"nonexistent":[65],"infrastructure,":[66],"and":[67,87,112,118,131,162,210,273],"lack":[68],"power":[70],"grid,":[71],"remote":[72,81,117,233],"have":[74],"digital":[76],"penetration.":[77],"This":[78],"situation":[79],"makes":[80],"less":[83],"attractive":[84],"investments":[86],"operate":[89],"connectivity":[90],"networks,":[91],"thus":[92],"failing":[93],"achieve":[95],"universal":[96],"access":[97],"Internet.":[100],"In":[101],"addressing":[102],"this":[103,105,168],"issue,":[104],"paper":[106],"proposes":[107],"new":[109],"BS":[110,161],"deployment":[111,132],"resource":[113,169],"management":[114,170],"method":[115,256],"for":[116],"areas.":[120],"Here,":[121],"two":[122],"MN":[123],"operators":[124],"share":[125],"their":[126],"resources":[127],"procurement":[130],"green":[134],"energy\u2010powered":[135],"BSs":[136],"equipped":[137],"capabilities.":[140],"Then,":[141],"network":[143],"infrastructure":[144,158],"is":[145],"shared":[146],"between":[147,206],"operators,":[150],"main":[153],"goal":[154],"enabling":[156],"energy\u2010efficient":[157],"sharing,":[159],"its":[163],"colocated":[164],"platform.":[166],"Using":[167],"strategy":[171],"in":[172,227],"communication":[174,187],"sites":[175],"guarantees":[176],"quality":[178],"service":[180],"(QoS)":[181],"comparable":[182],"that":[184],"sites.":[188],"The":[189,254],"performance":[190,259],"evaluation":[191],"conducted":[192],"through":[193],"simulations":[194],"validates":[195],"our":[196,228,251],"analysis":[197],"as":[198,219,264],"prediction":[200],"variations":[201],"observed":[202],"show":[203],"greater":[204],"accuracy":[205],"harvested":[208,271],"energy":[209,216,242,272],"traffic":[212],"load.":[213],"Also,":[214],"savings":[217,243],"decrease":[218],"number":[221],"users":[224,226],"(50":[225],"case)":[229],"connected":[230],"site":[234],"increases.":[235],"Lastly,":[236],"proposed":[238,255],"algorithm":[239,263],"achieves":[240],"51%":[241],"when":[244],"compared":[245],"43%":[248],"obtained":[249],"by":[250],"benchmark":[252,262],"algorithm.":[253],"demonstrates":[257],"superior":[258],"over":[260,279],"it":[265],"uses":[266],"foresighted":[267],"optimization":[268],"where":[269],"expected":[275],"load":[276],"predicted":[278],"given":[281],"short\u2010term":[282],"horizon.":[283]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-28T09:10:13.091523","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
