{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3194566454","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5573179","title":"Diabetes Mellitus Prediction and Severity Level Estimation Using OWDANN Algorithm","display_name":"Diabetes Mellitus Prediction and Severity Level Estimation Using OWDANN Algorithm","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3194566454","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5573179","mag":"3194566454","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34462631"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/5573179","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5573179","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cin/2021/5573179.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72372694","display_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","issn_l":"1687-5265","issn":["1687-5265","1687-5273"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cin/2021/5573179.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012807673","display_name":"R Annamalai","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Annamalai R","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology, Jeppiaar Institute of Technology, Kanchipuram 631604, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, Jeppiaar Institute of Technology, Kanchipuram 631604, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030145842","display_name":"R. Nedunchelian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107402","display_name":"Excel Life Sciences (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/01rwmh192","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107402"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nedunchelian R","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Excel Engineering College, Namakkal 637303, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Excel Engineering College, Namakkal 637303, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107402"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012807673"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2100},"apc_paid":{"value":2100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2100},"fwci":4.0151,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94494934,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2021","issue":"1","first_page":"5573179","last_page":"5573179"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.9786999821662903,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12647","display_name":"Traditional Chinese Medicine Studies","score":0.973800003528595,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-mellitus","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","score":0.7448981404304504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.5540435314178467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.46664193272590637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outlier","display_name":"Outlier","score":0.46380069851875305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.451140433549881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.44165748357772827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease","display_name":"Disease","score":0.4331228733062744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.42134860157966614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3952212631702423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.35675692558288574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.33105725049972534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.3026502728462219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.261360228061676}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.7448981404304504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.5540435314178467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.46664193272590637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79337645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779824","display_name":"Outlier","level":2,"score":0.46380069851875305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.451140433549881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.44165748357772827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.4331228733062744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.42134860157966614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3952212631702423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.35675692558288574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.33105725049972534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3026502728462219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.261360228061676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003920","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003920","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003920","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003920","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003920","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003920","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003920","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003920","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/5573179","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5573179","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cin/2021/5573179.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72372694","display_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","issn_l":"1687-5265","issn":["1687-5265","1687-5273"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34462631","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34462631","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational intelligence and neuroscience","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:016f3125fab34c449ac9b43bced94a93","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/016f3125fab34c449ac9b43bced94a93","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience, Vol 2021 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8403056","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8403056","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Comput Intell Neurosci","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/5573179","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5573179","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cin/2021/5573179.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72372694","display_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","issn_l":"1687-5265","issn":["1687-5265","1687-5273"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.800000011920929,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3194566454.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3194566454.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W316614649","https://openalex.org/W1603920668","https://openalex.org/W2046831337","https://openalex.org/W2072144426","https://openalex.org/W2554536751","https://openalex.org/W2557431460","https://openalex.org/W2764249947","https://openalex.org/W2899963038","https://openalex.org/W2902815358","https://openalex.org/W2912442537","https://openalex.org/W2921196390","https://openalex.org/W2921992353","https://openalex.org/W2922357437","https://openalex.org/W2927235903","https://openalex.org/W2942566977","https://openalex.org/W2963026316","https://openalex.org/W2963123914","https://openalex.org/W2968995513","https://openalex.org/W2986446268","https://openalex.org/W2990291356","https://openalex.org/W2993720025","https://openalex.org/W2994564625","https://openalex.org/W3004361258","https://openalex.org/W3010815401","https://openalex.org/W3010828471","https://openalex.org/W3020776760","https://openalex.org/W3022754982","https://openalex.org/W3036738091","https://openalex.org/W3040704051","https://openalex.org/W3042679019","https://openalex.org/W3048156669","https://openalex.org/W3097529996","https://openalex.org/W3128670286","https://openalex.org/W4236732515","https://openalex.org/W4254913633"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3006513224","https://openalex.org/W2046456988","https://openalex.org/W2357409937","https://openalex.org/W2510582230","https://openalex.org/W2978674666","https://openalex.org/W2074430941","https://openalex.org/W2113096305","https://openalex.org/W1977636359","https://openalex.org/W2772305933","https://openalex.org/W2580722822"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Today,":[0],"diabetes":[1,31,61,89,152],"is":[2,23,38,120,140,155,168],"one":[3],"of":[4,30,55,102],"the":[5,13,25,53,66,69,114,118,123,127,132,137,146,151,159,165,178,202],"most":[6],"prevalent,":[7],"chronic,":[8],"and":[9,28,40,49,64,76,93,108,135,163,197],"deadly":[10],"diseases":[11],"in":[12,52],"world":[14],"owing":[15],"to":[16],"some":[17],"complications.":[18],"If":[19],"accurate":[20],"early":[21],"diagnosis":[22],"feasible,":[24],"risk":[26],"factor":[27],"incidence":[29],"may":[32],"be":[33],"greatly":[34],"decreased.":[35],"Diabetes":[36],"prediction":[37,63,92,107,116],"stable":[39],"reliable,":[41],"since":[42],"there":[43],"are":[44,129,161],"only":[45],"minimal":[46],"labelling":[47],"evidence":[48],"outliers":[50],"found":[51],"datasets":[54],"diabetes.":[56],"Numerous":[57],"works":[58],"coped":[59],"with":[60,182,201],"disease":[62,91,106,115],"provided":[65],"solution.":[67],"But":[68],"existing":[70],"methods":[71],"proffered":[72],"low":[73],"accuracy":[74],"detection":[75],"consumed":[77],"more":[78],"training":[79],"time.":[80],"So,":[81],"this":[82],"paper":[83],"proposed":[84,98,179],"an":[85],"OWDANN":[86],"algorithm":[87],"for":[88,122],"mellitus":[90],"severity":[94,109,147,166],"level":[95,110,148,167],"estimation.":[96],"The":[97,172],"system":[99,180],"mainly":[100],"consists":[101],"two":[103],"phases,":[104],"namely,":[105],"estimation":[111,149],"phase.":[112],"In":[113,145],"phase,":[117,150],"preprocessing":[119],"performed":[121,141],"Pima":[124],"dataset.":[125],"Then,":[126,158],"features":[128,160],"extracted":[130],"from":[131],"preprocessed":[133,156],"data,":[134],"finally,":[136],"classification":[138],"step":[139],"by":[142],"using":[143,170],"OWDANN.":[144],"positive":[153],"dataset":[154],"first.":[157],"extracted,":[162],"lastly,":[164],"predicted":[169],"GDHC.":[171],"extensive":[173],"experimental":[174],"results":[175],"showed":[176],"that":[177],"outperforms":[181],"98.97%":[183],"accuracy,":[184],"94.98%":[185],"sensitivity,":[186],"95.62%":[187],"specificity,":[188],"97.02%":[189],"precision,":[190],"93.84%":[191],"recall,":[192],"9404%":[193],"<i>f</i>-measure,":[194],"0.094%":[195],"FDR,":[196],"0.023%":[198],"FPR":[199],"compared":[200],"state-of-the-art":[203],"methods.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
