{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3187364988","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5541449","title":"Energy\u2010Efficient Clustering and Localization Technique Using Genetic Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks","display_name":"Energy\u2010Efficient Clustering and Localization Technique Using Genetic Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3187364988","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5541449","mag":"3187364988"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/5541449","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5541449","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2021/5541449.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2021/5541449.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089231151","display_name":"Junfeng Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3642-007X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Junfeng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Internet of ings Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China","College of Internet of Things Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Internet of ings Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Internet of Things Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015476774","display_name":"Samson Hansen Sackey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6933-2984"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samson Hansen Sackey","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Internet of ings Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China","College of Internet of Things Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Internet of ings Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Internet of Things Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086307930","display_name":"Joseph Henry Anajemba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1199-7446"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Henry Anajemba","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Internet of ings Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China","College of Internet of Things Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Internet of ings Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Internet of Things Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100768038","display_name":"Xuewu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4518-7898"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuewu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Internet of ings Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China","College of Internet of Things Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Internet of ings Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Internet of Things Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101563225","display_name":"Yurun He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9410-3470"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yurun He","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Internet of ings Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China","College of Internet of Things Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Internet of ings Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Internet of Things Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089231151"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"],"apc_list":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"apc_paid":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"fwci":2.234,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88177881,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2021","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12222","display_name":"IoT-based Smart Home Systems","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.7323325872421265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6837893128395081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.6808323860168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.5063618421554565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.486858069896698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4830661416053772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4570778012275696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.356876015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2996182441711426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.29119813442230225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.20436453819274902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15889108180999756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15116244554519653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.0878862738609314}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.7323325872421265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6837893128395081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.6808323860168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.5063618421554565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.486858069896698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4830661416053772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4570778012275696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.356876015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2996182441711426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.29119813442230225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.20436453819274902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15889108180999756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15116244554519653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0878862738609314}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/5541449","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5541449","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2021/5541449.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:hin:complx:5541449","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2021/5541449.xml","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ba33db4c6b384d9288712d1ce521c341","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ba33db4c6b384d9288712d1ce521c341","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Complexity, Vol 2021 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/5541449","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5541449","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2021/5541449.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2376276132","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7836622902","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFC0407101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8543690401","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019B22314","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3187364988.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3187364988.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W248079633","https://openalex.org/W2074074752","https://openalex.org/W2151309978","https://openalex.org/W2391401965","https://openalex.org/W2503830339","https://openalex.org/W2549293828","https://openalex.org/W2558891025","https://openalex.org/W2587893486","https://openalex.org/W2620370356","https://openalex.org/W2623748366","https://openalex.org/W2735049326","https://openalex.org/W2741828809","https://openalex.org/W2749161504","https://openalex.org/W2765886028","https://openalex.org/W2790168642","https://openalex.org/W2793358331","https://openalex.org/W2797275313","https://openalex.org/W2800776316","https://openalex.org/W2801331564","https://openalex.org/W2900074754","https://openalex.org/W2902335478","https://openalex.org/W2912148340","https://openalex.org/W2915295488","https://openalex.org/W2948336298","https://openalex.org/W2958356704","https://openalex.org/W2965006360","https://openalex.org/W3006474782","https://openalex.org/W3012213199","https://openalex.org/W3012277793","https://openalex.org/W3123131504"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4298130764","https://openalex.org/W2804364458","https://openalex.org/W2132641928","https://openalex.org/W4310225030","https://openalex.org/W2090259340","https://openalex.org/W1926736923","https://openalex.org/W2158836806","https://openalex.org/W2393816671","https://openalex.org/W2083665254","https://openalex.org/W1975451135"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Localization":[0],"is":[1,47],"recognized":[2],"among":[3],"the":[4,30,42,67,74,77,84,88],"topmost":[5],"vital":[6],"features":[7],"in":[8,28],"numerous":[9],"wireless":[10,63],"sensor":[11],"network":[12,64],"(WSN)":[13],"applications.":[14],"This":[15,45],"paper":[16],"puts":[17],"forward":[18],"energy\u2010efficient":[19],"clustering":[20],"and":[21,35,61,92],"localization":[22,95],"centered":[23],"on":[24],"genetic":[25],"algorithm":[26,86],"(ECGAL),":[27],"which":[29],"residual":[31],"energy,":[32],"distance":[33],"estimation,":[34],"coverage":[36],"connection":[37],"are":[38,69],"developed":[39],"to":[40,50,72],"form":[41],"fitness":[43],"function.":[44],"function":[46],"certainly":[48],"fast":[49],"run.":[51],"The":[52],"proposed":[53,78,85],"ECGAL":[54],"exhausts":[55],"a":[56],"lesser":[57],"amount":[58],"of":[59,76],"energy":[60],"extends":[62],"existence.":[65],"Finally,":[66],"simulations":[68],"carried":[70],"out":[71],"assess":[73],"performance":[75],"algorithm.":[79],"Experimental":[80],"results":[81],"show":[82],"that":[83],"approximates":[87],"unknown":[89],"node":[90],"location":[91],"provides":[93],"minimum":[94],"error.":[96]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
