{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3194457584","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/3994004","title":"Comparative Studies on Trade and Value\u2010Added Trade along the \u201cBelt and Road\u201d: A Network Analysis","display_name":"Comparative Studies on Trade and Value\u2010Added Trade along the \u201cBelt and Road\u201d: A Network Analysis","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3194457584","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/3994004","mag":"3194457584"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/3994004","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/3994004","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2021/3994004.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2021/3994004.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065180596","display_name":"Guangjun Sui","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186272606","display_name":"Guangdong University of Foreign Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/00fhc9y79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186272606"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangjun Sui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Institute for International Strategies, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou 510420, China gdufs.edu.cn","Guangdong Institute for International Strategies, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou 510420, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Institute for International Strategies, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou 510420, China gdufs.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186272606"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Institute for International Strategies, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou 510420, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186272606"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103152503","display_name":"Jialing Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3409-854X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186272606","display_name":"Guangdong University of Foreign Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/00fhc9y79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186272606"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jialing Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Institute for International Strategies, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou 510420, China gdufs.edu.cn","Guangdong Institute for International Strategies, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou 510420, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3409-854X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Institute for International Strategies, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou 510420, China gdufs.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186272606"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Institute for International Strategies, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou 510420, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186272606"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101542191","display_name":"Shuang Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8534-8599"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12615008","display_name":"Beijing Normal-Hong Kong Baptist University","ror":"https://ror.org/04snvc712","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12615008"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141568987","display_name":"Hong Kong Baptist University","ror":"https://ror.org/0145fw131","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141568987"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shuang Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China uic.edu.hk","Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8534-8599","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China uic.edu.hk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12615008","https://openalex.org/I141568987"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12615008","https://openalex.org/I141568987","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080968098","display_name":"Danling Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4645-8688"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101167","display_name":"Institute of Oceanology","ror":"https://ror.org/018yw5541","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210101167"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103685","display_name":"South China Sea Institute Of Oceanology","ror":"https://ror.org/0192yj155","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210103685"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106122","display_name":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou)","ror":"https://ror.org/00y7mag53","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106122"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danling Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Key Laboratory of Ocean Remote Sensing, State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China cas.cn","Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China sysu.edu.cn","Guangdong Key Laboratory of Ocean Remote Sensing, State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China","Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Key Laboratory of Ocean Remote Sensing, State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China cas.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103685"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China sysu.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106122"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Key Laboratory of Ocean Remote Sensing, State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101167","https://openalex.org/I4210103685"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106122"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101542191"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12615008","https://openalex.org/I141568987","https://openalex.org/I25254941"],"apc_list":{"value":2550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2550},"apc_paid":{"value":2550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2550},"fwci":4.1117,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94368878,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2021","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12428","display_name":"Global Trade and Competitiveness","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10415","display_name":"International Business and FDI","score":0.9864000082015991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","score":0.5687119960784912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-trade","display_name":"International trade","score":0.3836153745651245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-economics","display_name":"International economics","score":0.3392722010612488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.32795536518096924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.3222939074039459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.29863840341567993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.23950150609016418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.1847149133682251}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5687119960784912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.3836153745651245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18547055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47417","display_name":"International economics","level":1,"score":0.3392722010612488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32795536518096924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3222939074039459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.29863840341567993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.23950150609016418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1847149133682251}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/3994004","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/3994004","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2021/3994004.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a03e59cd93dc4baf9e1a09fcc9b21a0d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a03e59cd93dc4baf9e1a09fcc9b21a0d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Complexity, Vol 2021 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/3994004","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/3994004","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2021/3994004.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5127582449","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"21ZDA097","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","funder_display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3194457584.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3194457584.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1518275106","https://openalex.org/W1611180290","https://openalex.org/W1641957654","https://openalex.org/W2019320938","https://openalex.org/W2034427286","https://openalex.org/W2048004726","https://openalex.org/W2050080157","https://openalex.org/W2081610921","https://openalex.org/W2095293504","https://openalex.org/W2102966366","https://openalex.org/W2123186419","https://openalex.org/W2136368045","https://openalex.org/W2142811312","https://openalex.org/W2158328144","https://openalex.org/W2168693847","https://openalex.org/W2175930524","https://openalex.org/W2194406924","https://openalex.org/W2236283978","https://openalex.org/W2291425656","https://openalex.org/W2385753860","https://openalex.org/W2404851656","https://openalex.org/W2550720082","https://openalex.org/W2603820221","https://openalex.org/W2751747255","https://openalex.org/W2773815365","https://openalex.org/W2789046385","https://openalex.org/W2802888882","https://openalex.org/W2883796947","https://openalex.org/W2884153112","https://openalex.org/W2897203559","https://openalex.org/W2921080841","https://openalex.org/W2945817634","https://openalex.org/W2969876458","https://openalex.org/W3012932869","https://openalex.org/W3100560435","https://openalex.org/W3103588369","https://openalex.org/W3120352818","https://openalex.org/W3125808095","https://openalex.org/W6997123857"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W373218569","https://openalex.org/W2530106432","https://openalex.org/W1589616774","https://openalex.org/W2981196688"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0,75],"the":[1,13,26,33,45,54,65,82,96,108,112,139,142,151,174,198,214,221],"deepening":[2],"of":[3,16,29,44,72,81,92,100,114,131,141,150,157,200,246],"regional":[4,125,201,228,240,252],"industrial":[5],"transfer,":[6],"traditional":[7],"trade":[8,17,31,41,55,87,152,158,206,211,256,260],"data":[9],"cannot":[10],"fully":[11],"explain":[12],"real":[14,30],"level":[15],"in":[18,95,173],"a":[19,39,58,76,122],"region.":[20],"This":[21],"paper":[22],"aims":[23],"to":[24,107,250],"reveal":[25],"changing":[27],"pattern":[28],"along":[32],"\u201cBelt":[34,46,222],"and":[35,47,50,63,69,79,89,103,138,160,177,180,204,212,217,223,258],"Road\u201d":[36,48,224],"by":[37,243],"establishing":[38],"value\u2010added":[40],"(VAT)":[42],"network":[43,59,83,85,144,176],"countries":[49,182,225],"comparing":[51],"it":[52],"with":[53],"network.":[56,153],"Applying":[57],"method,":[60],"we":[61,105,235],"analyze":[62],"compare":[64],"structures,":[66],"characteristics,":[67],"evolutions,":[68],"underlying":[70,189],"dynamisms":[71],"both":[73,93,115,132,195,210],"networks.":[74,196],"thorough":[77],"interpretation":[78],"visualization":[80],"density,":[84],"centrality,":[86],"communities,":[88],"influencing":[90],"factors":[91,190],"networks":[94,116,133],"three":[97],"time":[98],"sections":[99],"2005,":[101],"2010,":[102],"2015,":[104],"come":[106],"following":[109],"findings:":[110],"(1)":[111],"connectivity":[113],"has":[117,134],"been":[118,135],"greatly":[119],"enhanced,":[120],"reflecting":[121],"more":[123,146,179,181],"integrated":[124],"economy.":[126],"(2)":[127],"The":[128,155,188],"center\u2010external":[129],"structure":[130],"further":[136,239],"strengthened":[137],"polarization":[140],"VAT":[143,161,175,185],"is":[145],"obvious":[147],"than":[148],"that":[149],"(3)":[154],"organizations":[156],"communities":[159,162],"are":[163],"largely":[164],"different.":[165],"Specifically,":[166],"China":[167],"rapidly":[168],"increased":[169],"its":[170,184],"core":[171,248],"position":[172,249],"incorporated":[178],"into":[183],"community.":[186],"(4)":[187],"have":[191],"similar":[192],"impacts":[193],"on":[194,232,238],"While":[197],"growth":[199],"economic":[202,215,229,241],"size":[203],"free":[205],"agreements":[207],"will":[208,226],"enhance":[209,259],"VAT,":[213,253],"gaps":[216],"population":[218],"differences":[219],"among":[220],"prohibit":[227],"ties.":[230],"Based":[231],"these":[233],"findings,":[234],"propose":[236],"suggestions":[237],"cooperation":[242],"taking":[244],"advantage":[245],"China\u2019s":[247],"promote":[251],"construct":[254],"broad":[255],"channels,":[257],"governance.":[261]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
