{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3214035005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/2952115","title":"Adaptive Critic Learning\u2010Based Robust Control of Systems with Uncertain Dynamics","display_name":"Adaptive Critic Learning\u2010Based Robust Control of Systems with Uncertain Dynamics","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3214035005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/2952115","mag":"3214035005","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34824576"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/2952115","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/2952115","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cin/2021/2952115.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72372694","display_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","issn_l":"1687-5265","issn":["1687-5265","1687-5273"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cin/2021/2952115.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066239914","display_name":"Jun Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2908-2583"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000591358","display_name":"Qingliang Zeng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3842-9107"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingliang Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3842-9107","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101975648","display_name":"Bin Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0653-5642"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bin Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Transportation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0653-5642","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Transportation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101975648"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"],"apc_list":{"value":2550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2550},"apc_paid":{"value":2550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2550},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.20632702,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2021","issue":"1","first_page":"2952115","last_page":"2952115"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12794","display_name":"Adaptive Dynamic Programming Control","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12794","display_name":"Adaptive Dynamic Programming Control","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10040","display_name":"Adaptive Control of Nonlinear Systems","score":0.9757000207901001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.9684000015258789,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7487706542015076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robust-control","display_name":"Robust control","score":0.5895718932151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimal-control","display_name":"Optimal control","score":0.5726746916770935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.5697745680809021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-control","display_name":"Adaptive control","score":0.5689898133277893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imperfect","display_name":"Imperfect","score":0.5542848110198975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5469555854797363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-dynamics","display_name":"System dynamics","score":0.48176881670951843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.4803506135940552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-system","display_name":"Control system","score":0.45498836040496826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.42433813214302063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.38273316621780396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3192073702812195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1245584487915039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08413028717041016}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7487706542015076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31531917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q915157","display_name":"Robust control","level":3,"score":0.5895718932151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91575142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1971426","display_name":"Optimal control","level":2,"score":0.5726746916770935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.5697745680809021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107464732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235781","display_name":"Adaptive control","level":3,"score":0.5689898133277893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780310539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12547192","display_name":"Imperfect","level":2,"score":0.5542848110198975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5469555854797363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77405623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q598451","display_name":"System dynamics","level":2,"score":0.48176881670951843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.4803506135940552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.45498836040496826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.42433813214302063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.38273316621780396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3192073702812195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1245584487915039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08413028717041016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005246","descriptor_name":"Feedback","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005246","descriptor_name":"Feedback","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005246","descriptor_name":"Feedback","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017711","descriptor_name":"Nonlinear Dynamics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017711","descriptor_name":"Nonlinear Dynamics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017711","descriptor_name":"Nonlinear Dynamics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/2952115","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/2952115","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cin/2021/2952115.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72372694","display_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","issn_l":"1687-5265","issn":["1687-5265","1687-5273"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34824576","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34824576","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational intelligence and neuroscience","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9bc32b765165428aa6ad370e77de68b8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9bc32b765165428aa6ad370e77de68b8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience, Vol 2021 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8610688","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8610688","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Comput Intell Neurosci","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2021/2952115","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/2952115","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cin/2021/2952115.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72372694","display_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","issn_l":"1687-5265","issn":["1687-5265","1687-5273"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3214035005.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3214035005.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1527736490","https://openalex.org/W1588998206","https://openalex.org/W1915358632","https://openalex.org/W1947506120","https://openalex.org/W1970127232","https://openalex.org/W1983523797","https://openalex.org/W1984558792","https://openalex.org/W2040871222","https://openalex.org/W2047090868","https://openalex.org/W2108286682","https://openalex.org/W2132858840","https://openalex.org/W2324071574","https://openalex.org/W2501776475","https://openalex.org/W2758863483","https://openalex.org/W2775595038","https://openalex.org/W2883972132","https://openalex.org/W2901363724","https://openalex.org/W2999863957","https://openalex.org/W3004605473","https://openalex.org/W3097056191","https://openalex.org/W3128626283","https://openalex.org/W3213472335"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2108470770","https://openalex.org/W1512021029","https://openalex.org/W1972862722","https://openalex.org/W2281732014","https://openalex.org/W2063351494","https://openalex.org/W1562326332","https://openalex.org/W2319803529","https://openalex.org/W1550017747","https://openalex.org/W2152839317","https://openalex.org/W2913641967"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Model":[0],"uncertainties":[1],"are":[2,10,111],"usually":[3],"unavoidable":[4],"in":[5,90,106],"the":[6,28,41,56,71,77,85,91,97,101,107,115,118],"control":[7,30,38,50,73,102,120],"systems,":[8],"which":[9],"caused":[11],"by":[12],"imperfect":[13],"system":[14,43,53],"modeling,":[15],"disturbances,":[16],"and":[17,84],"nonsmooth":[18],"dynamics.":[19],"This":[20],"paper":[21],"presents":[22],"a":[23],"novel":[24],"method":[25],"to":[26,68,113],"address":[27],"robust":[29,37],"problem":[31,39],"for":[32],"uncertain":[33,42],"systems.":[34],"The":[35],"original":[36],"of":[40,51,100,117],"is":[44,82,94,104],"first":[45],"transformed":[46],"into":[47],"an":[48,63],"optimal":[49,72],"nominal":[52],"via":[54],"selecting":[55],"appropriate":[57],"cost":[58],"function.":[59],"Then,":[60],"we":[61],"develop":[62],"adaptive":[64],"critic":[65,78],"leaning":[66],"algorithm":[67,103],"learn":[69],"online":[70],"solution,":[74],"where":[75],"only":[76],"neural":[79],"network":[80],"(NN)":[81],"used,":[83],"actor":[86],"NN":[87],"widely":[88],"used":[89],"existing":[92],"methods":[93],"removed.":[95],"Finally,":[96],"feasibility":[98],"analysis":[99],"given":[105,112],"paper.":[108],"Simulation":[109],"results":[110],"show":[114],"availability":[116],"presented":[119],"method.":[121]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
