{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3037295273","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8846230","title":"VoNR-IPD: A Novel Timing-Based Network Steganography for Industrial Internet","display_name":"VoNR-IPD: A Novel Timing-Based Network Steganography for Industrial Internet","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3037295273","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8846230","mag":"3037295273"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2020/8846230","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8846230","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/scn/2020/8846230.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120683614","display_name":"Security and Communication Networks","issn_l":"1939-0114","issn":["1939-0114","1939-0122"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Security and Communication Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/scn/2020/8846230.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101606705","display_name":"Mingqian Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1142-4274"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100536","display_name":"Changzhou Institute of Mechatronic Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0192men59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100536"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mingqian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Changzhou Vocational Institute of Mechatronic Technology, Changzhou 213164, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Changzhou Vocational Institute of Mechatronic Technology, Changzhou 213164, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100536"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041883250","display_name":"Shuai Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5562-721X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100536","display_name":"Changzhou Institute of Mechatronic Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0192men59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100536"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuai Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Changzhou Vocational Institute of Mechatronic Technology, Changzhou 213164, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Changzhou Vocational Institute of Mechatronic Technology, Changzhou 213164, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100536"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101670006","display_name":"Wang Yun-liang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100536","display_name":"Changzhou Institute of Mechatronic Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0192men59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100536"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunliang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Changzhou Vocational Institute of Mechatronic Technology, Changzhou 213164, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Changzhou Vocational Institute of Mechatronic Technology, Changzhou 213164, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100536"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101606705"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100536"],"apc_list":{"value":2100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2100},"apc_paid":{"value":2100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2100},"fwci":0.1326,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52982408,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2020","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"14"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8995687961578369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganography","display_name":"Steganography","score":0.7587999105453491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6002523899078369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jitter","display_name":"Jitter","score":0.5780183672904968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert-channel","display_name":"Covert channel","score":0.5309504866600037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4943118095397949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.4753705859184265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganalysis","display_name":"Steganalysis","score":0.4578399360179901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.45386505126953125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert","display_name":"Covert","score":0.42137882113456726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.36483103036880493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.3426385819911957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.32204732298851013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.23996469378471375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.19568052887916565}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8995687961578369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108801101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15032","display_name":"Steganography","level":3,"score":0.7587999105453491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6002523899078369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.5780183672904968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29024540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476964","display_name":"Covert channel","level":5,"score":0.5309504866600037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4943118095397949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.4753705859184265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107368093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q448176","display_name":"Steganalysis","level":4,"score":0.4578399360179901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.45386505126953125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779338814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179285","display_name":"Covert","level":2,"score":0.42137882113456726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.36483103036880493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.3426385819911957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.32204732298851013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.23996469378471375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.19568052887916565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184842701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370563","display_name":"Cloud computing security","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103377522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3493999","display_name":"Security information and event management","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2020/8846230","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8846230","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/scn/2020/8846230.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120683614","display_name":"Security and Communication Networks","issn_l":"1939-0114","issn":["1939-0114","1939-0122"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Security and Communication Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:dd84791b0df64412a2298b7a2ac454a8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/dd84791b0df64412a2298b7a2ac454a8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Security and Communication Networks, Vol 2020 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2020/8846230","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8846230","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/scn/2020/8846230.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120683614","display_name":"Security and Communication Networks","issn_l":"1939-0114","issn":["1939-0114","1939-0122"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Security and Communication Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4300000071525574}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3368330819","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CM20183002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335440","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Research of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4080266741","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201913114004Y","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335440","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Research of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6196485372","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019-YBKJ-05","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335440","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Research of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7443715129","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"19KJB510019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335440","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Research of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321605","display_name":"Government of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/004svx814"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335440","display_name":"Natural Science Research of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3037295273.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3037295273.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1471507","https://openalex.org/W1502757970","https://openalex.org/W2010716031","https://openalex.org/W2056979416","https://openalex.org/W2077753963","https://openalex.org/W2132177566","https://openalex.org/W2253327762","https://openalex.org/W2317570624","https://openalex.org/W2555231364","https://openalex.org/W2781089965","https://openalex.org/W2782578088","https://openalex.org/W2792913437","https://openalex.org/W2802292638","https://openalex.org/W2885199066","https://openalex.org/W2890043519","https://openalex.org/W2897482969","https://openalex.org/W2901178374","https://openalex.org/W2908997014","https://openalex.org/W2911036432","https://openalex.org/W2962949213","https://openalex.org/W2970619707","https://openalex.org/W3012998522","https://openalex.org/W3144240269"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2148973528","https://openalex.org/W2939392096","https://openalex.org/W4243922849","https://openalex.org/W2106726851","https://openalex.org/W4309385482","https://openalex.org/W2792878404","https://openalex.org/W2068740952","https://openalex.org/W1583147569","https://openalex.org/W2182496537","https://openalex.org/W3154843532"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"the":[1,19,55,73,86,93,104,113,124,143,149],"predominant":[2],"trade":[3],"secret":[4],"of":[5,58,65,77,88,116,127,154],"manufacturing":[6],"enterprises,":[7],"industrial":[8,90,128],"data":[9,129],"may":[10],"be":[11],"monitored":[12],"and":[13,72,142,156],"stolen":[14],"by":[15],"competitive":[16],"adversaries":[17],"during":[18,85],"transmission":[20],"via":[21],"open":[22],"wireless":[23],"link.":[24],"Such":[25],"information":[26],"leakage":[27],"will":[28],"cause":[29],"severe":[30],"economic":[31],"losses.":[32],"Hence,":[33],"a":[34],"VoNR-IPD":[35],"covert":[36,59,95],"timing":[37],"steganography":[38],"based":[39],"on":[40],"5G":[41],"network":[42,66,144],"is":[43,52,69,120],"proposed":[44],"in":[45,48,61,107,152],"this":[46],"paper,":[47],"which":[49,147],"VoNR":[50,79,96],"traffic":[51],"employed":[53],"as":[54],"steganographic":[56,117],"carrier":[57],"communication":[60],"Industrial":[62],"Internet.":[63],"Interference":[64],"jitter":[67],"noise":[68,145],"fully":[70],"considered":[71],"high-order":[74],"statistical":[75,101],"properties":[76,102],"jittered":[78],"interpacket":[80],"delays":[81],"(IPDs)":[82],"are":[83],"imitated":[84],"modulation":[87],"confidential":[89],"data.":[91],"Thus,":[92],"generated":[94],"IPDs":[97],"can":[98,138],"possess":[99],"consistent":[100],"with":[103],"normal":[105],"case":[106],"order":[108],"to":[109,122],"improve":[110],"undetectability.":[111],"Besides,":[112],"synchronization":[114],"mechanism":[115],"embedding":[118,125],"mode":[119],"designed":[121],"control":[123],"density":[126],"flexibly.":[130],"The":[131],"experimental":[132],"results":[133],"show":[134],"that":[135],"our":[136],"scheme":[137],"resist":[139],"statistical-based":[140],"detections":[141],"effectively,":[146],"outperforms":[148],"existing":[150],"methods":[151],"terms":[153],"undetectability":[155],"robustness.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
