{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3002312636","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6153657","title":"Fine-Grained Lung Cancer Classification from PET and CT Images Based on Multidimensional Attention Mechanism","display_name":"Fine-Grained Lung Cancer Classification from PET and CT Images Based on Multidimensional Attention Mechanism","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3002312636","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6153657","mag":"3002312636"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2020/6153657","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6153657","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2020/6153657.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2020/6153657.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061617562","display_name":"Ruoxi Qin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0836-8179"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169689159","display_name":"PLA Information Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mm1qk40","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"RuoXi Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["PLA Strategy Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0836-8179","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PLA Strategy Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100439373","display_name":"Zhenzhen Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8775-7481"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133534","display_name":"Henan Provincial People's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03f72zw41","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133534"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenzhen Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450002, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450002, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133534"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091258921","display_name":"Lingyun Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5967-3021"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169689159","display_name":"PLA Information Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mm1qk40","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"LingYun Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["PLA Strategy Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PLA Strategy Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032832863","display_name":"Kai Qiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7057-9562"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169689159","display_name":"PLA Information Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mm1qk40","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Qiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["PLA Strategy Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7057-9562","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PLA Strategy Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057404941","display_name":"Jinjin Hai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3767-8152"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169689159","display_name":"PLA Information Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mm1qk40","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinjin Hai","raw_affiliation_strings":["PLA Strategy Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3767-8152","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PLA Strategy Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100692949","display_name":"Jian Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2135-8752"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169689159","display_name":"PLA Information Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mm1qk40","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["PLA Strategy Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2135-8752","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PLA Strategy Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101784338","display_name":"Junling Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3878-9161"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133534","display_name":"Henan Provincial People's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03f72zw41","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133534"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junling Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450002, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450002, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133534"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020394035","display_name":"Dapeng Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2561-7475"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133534","display_name":"Henan Provincial People's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03f72zw41","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133534"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dapeng Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450002, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2561-7475","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450002, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133534"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089425067","display_name":"Bin Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8268-559X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169689159","display_name":"PLA Information Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mm1qk40","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bin Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["PLA Strategy Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8268-559X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PLA Strategy Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089425067"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169689159"],"apc_list":{"value":2550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2550},"apc_paid":{"value":2550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2550},"fwci":4.95,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":83,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96556677,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"2020","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10202","display_name":"Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7640218734741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7209511399269104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modality","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","score":0.7014233469963074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5879472494125366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5877816081047058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.58735591173172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lung-cancer","display_name":"Lung cancer","score":0.5679765939712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5630703568458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.45396220684051514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-aided-diagnosis","display_name":"Computer-aided diagnosis","score":0.4331910014152527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3302842676639557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.1653953194618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.12933191657066345}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7640218734741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7209511399269104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888030","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","level":2,"score":0.7014233469963074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5879472494125366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5877816081047058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.58735591173172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776256026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47912","display_name":"Lung cancer","level":2,"score":0.5679765939712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5630703568458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.45396220684051514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779549770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122413","display_name":"Computer-aided diagnosis","level":2,"score":0.4331910014152527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3302842676639557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1653953194618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.12933191657066345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2020/6153657","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6153657","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2020/6153657.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:hin:complx:6153657","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/8503/2020/6153657.xml","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cd06383e1ad6474ba10a92a1f76db24c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cd06383e1ad6474ba10a92a1f76db24c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Complexity, Vol 2020 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2020/6153657","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6153657","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2020/6153657.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.550000011920929,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3002312636.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3002312636.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1983364832","https://openalex.org/W2031827337","https://openalex.org/W2106787323","https://openalex.org/W2331032341","https://openalex.org/W2383601426","https://openalex.org/W2401520370","https://openalex.org/W2742679468","https://openalex.org/W2781525129","https://openalex.org/W2883420106","https://openalex.org/W2886281300","https://openalex.org/W2887842669","https://openalex.org/W2889164281","https://openalex.org/W2897821359","https://openalex.org/W2911146568","https://openalex.org/W2940711273","https://openalex.org/W2941706909"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2385859805","https://openalex.org/W2068608913","https://openalex.org/W2530972254","https://openalex.org/W3124914020","https://openalex.org/W4375867731","https://openalex.org/W2141033859","https://openalex.org/W2077542787","https://openalex.org/W2071701083","https://openalex.org/W2383687187","https://openalex.org/W2374013449"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Lung":[0],"cancer":[1,37,78],"ranks":[2],"among":[3],"the":[4,32,39,54,73,98,109,118,148,162,176,193,197],"most":[5],"common":[6],"types":[7],"of":[8,18,35,49,56,64,76,112,147,151,164,179,196],"cancer.":[9,23,114],"Noninvasive":[10],"computer-aided":[11],"diagnosis":[12,34,75,111],"can":[13],"enable":[14],"large-scale":[15],"rapid":[16],"screening":[17],"potential":[19],"patients":[20],"with":[21],"lung":[22,36,77,113],"Deep":[24],"learning":[25,94,166],"methods":[26],"have":[27],"already":[28],"been":[29],"applied":[30],"for":[31,60,108],"automatic":[33],"in":[38],"past.":[40],"Due":[41],"to":[42,129],"restrictions":[43],"caused":[44],"by":[45],"single":[46],"modality":[47],"images":[48,83,105],"dataset":[50],"as":[51,53,120,122],"well":[52,121],"lack":[55],"approaches":[57],"that":[58,96,106],"allow":[59,107],"a":[61,92,144,186],"reliable":[62],"extraction":[63,195],"fine-grained":[65,99,136,198],"features":[66,137],"from":[67,101,138,200],"different":[68],"imaging":[69,140,202],"modalities,":[70],"research":[71],"regarding":[72],"automated":[74],"based":[79],"on":[80],"noninvasive":[81,110],"clinical":[82],"requires":[84],"further":[85],"study.":[86],"In":[87,168],"this":[88],"paper,":[89],"we":[90,171],"present":[91],"deep":[93,165],"architecture":[95],"combines":[97],"feature":[100,132,152,199],"PET":[102],"and":[103,154,161,185],"CT":[104],"The":[115],"multidimensional":[116],"(regarding":[117],"channel":[119],"spatial":[123],"dimensions)":[124],"attention":[125,155,190],"mechanism":[126,156],"is":[127],"used":[128],"effectively":[130],"reduce":[131],"noise":[133],"when":[134],"extracting":[135],"each":[139,201],"modality.":[141,203],"We":[142],"conduct":[143],"comparative":[145],"analysis":[146],"two":[149],"aspects":[150],"fusion":[153],"through":[157],"quantitative":[158],"evaluation":[159],"metrics":[160],"visualization":[163],"process.":[167],"our":[169],"experiments,":[170],"obtained":[172],"an":[173],"area":[174],"under":[175],"ROC":[177],"curve":[178],"0.92":[180],"(balanced":[181],"accuracy":[182],"=":[183],"0.72)":[184],"more":[187],"focused":[188],"network":[189],"which":[191],"shows":[192],"effective":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
