{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3012234133","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5930582","title":"Optimal Decisions and Pricing in Mail Service Systems Subject to Virus Attacks","display_name":"Optimal Decisions and Pricing in Mail Service Systems Subject to Virus Attacks","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3012234133","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5930582","mag":"3012234133"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2020/5930582","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5930582","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2020/5930582.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2020/5930582.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089482967","display_name":"Sheng Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9544-0065"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166499","display_name":"Henan Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vr1c885","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166499"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheng Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Information Science, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Information Science, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166499"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004800194","display_name":"Jinting Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4946-2719"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137867983","display_name":"Central University of Finance and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/008e3hf02","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137867983"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jinting Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management Science and Engineering, Central University of Finance and Economics, 100081 Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management Science and Engineering, Central University of Finance and Economics, 100081 Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137867983"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004800194"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137867983"],"apc_list":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"apc_paid":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03851225,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2020","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"14"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10974","display_name":"Advanced Queuing Theory Analysis","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10974","display_name":"Advanced Queuing Theory Analysis","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11409","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Network Optimization","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11158","display_name":"Wireless Networks and Protocols","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7597681879997253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stackelberg-competition","display_name":"Stackelberg competition","score":0.5682754516601562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5396049618721008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.4341892600059509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/payment","display_name":"Payment","score":0.4301861524581909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service-provider","display_name":"Service provider","score":0.4215392768383026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.3851129114627838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.35049736499786377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3380664587020874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-economics","display_name":"Mathematical economics","score":0.17501091957092285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1207984983921051}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7597681879997253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199510392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184602","display_name":"Stackelberg competition","level":2,"score":0.5682754516601562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5396049618721008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.4341892600059509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.4301861524581909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2169973","display_name":"Service provider","level":3,"score":0.4215392768383026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.3851129114627838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.35049736499786377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3380664587020874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.17501091957092285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1207984983921051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2020/5930582","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5930582","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2020/5930582.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:hin:complx:5930582","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/8503/2020/5930582.xml","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:76a728c174c94c4c9f365a6b5cabe3c5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/76a728c174c94c4c9f365a6b5cabe3c5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Complexity, Vol 2020 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2020/5930582","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5930582","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2020/5930582.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6700000166893005,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1968583084","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"71871008 and 71571014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G37568934","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4300030303","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"71571014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G502587003","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"71871008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5733390078","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant nos.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3012234133.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3012234133.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W934996805","https://openalex.org/W969420153","https://openalex.org/W1503571710","https://openalex.org/W1906159545","https://openalex.org/W2007947270","https://openalex.org/W2039627785","https://openalex.org/W2091135440","https://openalex.org/W2120595357","https://openalex.org/W2128319050","https://openalex.org/W2144892099","https://openalex.org/W2152166353","https://openalex.org/W2284926786","https://openalex.org/W2339925271","https://openalex.org/W2466656012","https://openalex.org/W2752876220","https://openalex.org/W2784123517"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987562536","https://openalex.org/W4383533535","https://openalex.org/W2375814310","https://openalex.org/W4255938919","https://openalex.org/W2903244929","https://openalex.org/W4380353856","https://openalex.org/W2347216446","https://openalex.org/W1995212308","https://openalex.org/W2364137969","https://openalex.org/W1481687787"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,33],"consider":[1],"an":[2],"optimal":[3,135,168],"decision":[4],"problem":[5],"of":[6,61,67,88,97,107,119,163],"the":[7,31,36,52,62,65,71,77,95,108,117,139,144,164],"service":[8,13,23,69,72,157],"providers":[9,158],"in":[10,30,171],"public":[11],"mail":[12],"systems":[14,24],"subject":[15],"to":[16,75,125,159],"virus":[17],"attacks.":[18],"Two":[19],"scenarios,":[20],"i.e.,":[21],"free":[22,68],"and":[25,50,91,101,129,143,153,166],"payment":[26,120],"systems,":[27,70,121],"are":[28,123,154],"investigated":[29],"paper.":[32],"first":[34],"formulate":[35],"considered":[37],"system":[38,165],"as":[39],"a":[40,84,104,132],"partially":[41],"observable":[42],"<mml:math":[43],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[44],"id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>M</mml:mi><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>G</mml:mi><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math>":[45],"queue":[46],"with":[47],"Bernoulli":[48],"vacations,":[49],"by":[51,137],"supplementary":[53],"variable":[54],"method,":[55],"we":[56,82,130],"obtain":[57,83,131],"some":[58,113],"performance":[59],"measures":[60],"system.":[63],"In":[64,116],"case":[66,118],"provider":[73],"aims":[74],"maximize":[76],"expected":[78],"social":[79,98],"welfare.":[80],"Correspondingly,":[81],"joint":[85,109],"optimum":[86,110],"value":[87,111],"scan":[89,92],"rate":[90],"probability":[93],"from":[94],"viewpoint":[96],"welfare":[99],"maximization":[100],"carry":[102],"out":[103],"sensitivity":[105],"analysis":[106],"on":[112],"input":[114],"parameters.":[115],"senders":[122],"assumed":[124],"be":[126],"boundedly":[127],"rational,":[128],"three-dimensional":[133],"(3D)":[134],"strategy":[136],"combining":[138],"Stackelberg":[140],"game":[141],"approach":[142],"logit":[145],"choice":[146],"model.":[147],"Our":[148],"results":[149],"provide":[150],"managerial":[151],"insight":[152],"helpful":[155],"for":[156],"optimally":[160],"select":[161],"parameters":[162],"make":[167],"pricing":[169],"decisions":[170],"various":[172],"situations.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-18T07:56:08.524223","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
