{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3000817015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5720695","title":"Research and Software Design of an \u03a6-OTDR-Based Optical Fiber Vibration Recognition Algorithm","display_name":"Research and Software Design of an \u03a6-OTDR-Based Optical Fiber Vibration Recognition Algorithm","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3000817015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5720695","mag":"3000817015"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2020/5720695","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5720695","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jece/2020/5720695.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S174662166","display_name":"Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","issn_l":"2090-0147","issn":["2090-0147","2090-0155"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jece/2020/5720695.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084383148","display_name":"Tabi Fouda Bernard Marie","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96733725","display_name":"Shanghai Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/04z7qrj66","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96733725"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bernard Marie Tabi Fouda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Haigang Avenue 1550, Shanghai 201306, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Haigang Avenue 1550, Shanghai 201306, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96733725"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101744803","display_name":"Dezhi Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8861-5461"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96733725","display_name":"Shanghai Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/04z7qrj66","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96733725"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dezhi Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Haigang Avenue 1550, Shanghai 201306, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Haigang Avenue 1550, Shanghai 201306, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96733725"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085696939","display_name":"Bowen An","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5031-9277"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96733725","display_name":"Shanghai Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/04z7qrj66","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96733725"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bowen An","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Haigang Avenue 1550, Shanghai 201306, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Haigang Avenue 1550, Shanghai 201306, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96733725"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070331604","display_name":"Xiangzhi Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6700-5960"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangzhi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Independent Researcher, Wuxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Independent Researcher, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084383148"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96733725"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1400},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1400},"fwci":0.5199,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63663974,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2020","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9643999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10988","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Laser Technologies","score":0.9469000101089478,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-time-domain-reflectometer","display_name":"Optical time-domain reflectometer","score":0.7671289443969727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-domain","display_name":"Time domain","score":0.6446260809898376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6098169088363647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hilbert\u2013huang-transform","display_name":"Hilbert\u2013Huang transform","score":0.49983716011047363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.49843478202819824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflectometry","display_name":"Reflectometry","score":0.4793134927749634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-domain","display_name":"Frequency domain","score":0.4692157506942749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4664119482040405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-fiber","display_name":"Optical fiber","score":0.45041438937187195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.4433935284614563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4282175302505493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.40828967094421387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3823617100715637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-optic-sensor","display_name":"Fiber optic sensor","score":0.3198549747467041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3122518062591553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2662985920906067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-optic-splitter","display_name":"Fiber optic splitter","score":0.2114315927028656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.1624653935432434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12975433468818665}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187327482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580729","display_name":"Optical time-domain reflectometer","level":5,"score":0.7671289443969727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103824480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185889","display_name":"Time domain","level":2,"score":0.6446260809898376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6098169088363647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25570617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1006462","display_name":"Hilbert\u2013Huang transform","level":3,"score":0.49983716011047363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.49843478202819824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778925768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454718","display_name":"Reflectometry","level":3,"score":0.4793134927749634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19118579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786423","display_name":"Frequency domain","level":2,"score":0.4692157506942749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4664119482040405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.45041438937187195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.4433935284614563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4282175302505493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.40828967094421387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3823617100715637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21651689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397427","display_name":"Fiber optic sensor","level":3,"score":0.3198549747467041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3122518062591553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2662985920906067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146199129","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5446365","display_name":"Fiber optic splitter","level":4,"score":0.2114315927028656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.1624653935432434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12975433468818665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2020/5720695","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5720695","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jece/2020/5720695.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S174662166","display_name":"Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","issn_l":"2090-0147","issn":["2090-0147","2090-0155"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:84090e482cc549ef9046587c7e46dce3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/84090e482cc549ef9046587c7e46dce3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vol 2020 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2020/5720695","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5720695","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jece/2020/5720695.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S174662166","display_name":"Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","issn_l":"2090-0147","issn":["2090-0147","2090-0155"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1745623571","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61873160","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2953123240","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61672338 and 61873160","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3445439380","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61672338","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3000817015.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3000817015.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963904332","https://openalex.org/W1971690741","https://openalex.org/W2001773179","https://openalex.org/W2007221293","https://openalex.org/W2024603947","https://openalex.org/W2048032753","https://openalex.org/W2097988347","https://openalex.org/W2106665847","https://openalex.org/W2469079970","https://openalex.org/W2901526063","https://openalex.org/W2904902509"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984839520","https://openalex.org/W2051085743","https://openalex.org/W1991582536","https://openalex.org/W113911013","https://openalex.org/W2326862673","https://openalex.org/W2046626354","https://openalex.org/W1999497846","https://openalex.org/W1675046946","https://openalex.org/W2092370573","https://openalex.org/W3090512941"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Distributed":[0],"optical":[1,28,39],"fiber":[2,29,68],"vibration":[3,69],"signal":[4,34,70],"plays":[5],"a":[6,31],"significant":[7],"role":[8],"in":[9,154,167],"the":[10,47,58,64,67,75,96,101,144,151,160,172,186,189,197],"communication":[11],"and":[12,27,36,71,73,85,91,99,109,120,165,169,185],"safety":[13],"of":[14,33,66,82,106,123,174,188],"any":[15],"perimeter":[16],"security":[17],"monitoring":[18,145],"system.":[19],"It":[20],"uses":[21],"light":[22],"as":[23,30],"an":[24],"information":[25],"carrier":[26],"means":[32],"transmission":[35],"communication.":[37],"Phase-sensitive":[38],"time-domain":[40,83],"reflectometry":[41],"(\u03a6-OTDR)":[42],"is":[43,88,93,113,118,163,180],"used":[44],"to":[45,132],"detect":[46],"signals":[48],"generated":[49],"during":[50],"events":[51,136],"(intrusions":[52],"or":[53],"nonintrusion).":[54],"This":[55],"paper":[56],"proposes":[57],"time-frequency":[59,107],"characteristic":[60],"(TFC)":[61],"method":[62,162],"for":[63],"recognition":[65],"designs":[72],"implements":[74],"corresponding":[76],"software":[77,147],"function":[78],"module.":[79],"The":[80,138,176],"combination":[81],"features":[84,87],"time-frequency-domain":[86],"called":[89],"TFC;":[90],"it":[92,131],"based":[94],"on":[95,100,130],"Hilbert":[97],"transform":[98],"empirical":[102],"mode":[103],"decomposition":[104],"(EMD)":[105],"entropy":[108],"center-of-gravity":[110],"frequency":[111],"that":[112,143,159],"described.":[114],"A":[115],"feature":[116],"vector":[117],"formed,":[119],"multiple":[121],"types":[122,173],"probabilistic":[124],"neural":[125],"networks":[126],"(PNNs)":[127],"are":[128],"performed":[129],"determine":[133],"whether":[134],"intrusion":[135],"occur.":[137],"experimental":[139],"simulation":[140],"results":[141],"show":[142],"system":[146,190],"can":[148,192],"intelligently":[149],"display":[150],"data":[152,177],"collected":[153],"real":[155],"time,":[156],"which":[157,195],"demonstrates":[158],"proposed":[161],"effective":[164],"reliable":[166],"identifying":[168],"classifying":[170],"accurately":[171],"events.":[175],"processing":[178],"time":[179],"less":[181],"than":[182],"2":[183],"s,":[184],"accuracy":[187],"identification":[191],"reach":[193],"99%,":[194],"ensures":[196],"system\u2019s":[198],"validity.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}