{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3000981632","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/4854895","title":"Cat Swarm Optimization Algorithm: A Survey and Performance Evaluation","display_name":"Cat Swarm Optimization Algorithm: A Survey and Performance Evaluation","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3000981632","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/4854895","mag":"3000981632","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32405296"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2020/4854895","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/4854895","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cin/2020/4854895.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72372694","display_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","issn_l":"1687-5265","issn":["1687-5265","1687-5273"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cin/2020/4854895.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085426579","display_name":"Aram M. Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5640-0172"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3151615967","display_name":"University of Kurdistan Hewler","ror":"https://ror.org/00268wk31","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3151615967"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4394709119","display_name":"Kurdistan Institute for Strategic Studies and Scientific Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03vq33s23","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4394709119"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aram M. Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Engineering, University of Kurdistan Hewler, Erbil 44001, Iraq","International Academic Office, Kurdistan Institution for Strategic Studies and Scientific Research, Sulaymaniyah 46001, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5640-0172","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering, University of Kurdistan Hewler, Erbil 44001, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3151615967"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Academic Office, Kurdistan Institution for Strategic Studies and Scientific Research, Sulaymaniyah 46001, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4394709119"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065801825","display_name":"Tarik A. Rashid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8661-258X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133014862","display_name":"Sulaimani Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05v9vy052","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133014862"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tarik A. Rashid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Technology, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaymaniyah 46001, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8661-258X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Technology, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaymaniyah 46001, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133014862"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110659442","display_name":"Soran Ab. M. Saeed","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3151615967","display_name":"University of Kurdistan Hewler","ror":"https://ror.org/00268wk31","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3151615967"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soran Ab. M. Saeed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Engineering, University of Kurdistan Hewler, Erbil 44001, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering, University of Kurdistan Hewler, Erbil 44001, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3151615967"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085426579"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3151615967","https://openalex.org/I4394709119"],"apc_list":{"value":2100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2100},"apc_paid":{"value":2100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2100},"fwci":12.3753,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":140,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98913926,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"2020","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"20"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.9692999720573425,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9577999711036682,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.7812488079071045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaheuristic","display_name":"Metaheuristic","score":0.7136037349700928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6597400903701782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swarm-behaviour","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","score":0.6341918110847473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5544542074203491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swarm-intelligence","display_name":"Swarm intelligence","score":0.5122677683830261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-algorithm","display_name":"Optimization algorithm","score":0.48831865191459656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Multi-swarm optimization","score":0.4503466486930847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-functions-for-optimization","display_name":"Test functions for optimization","score":0.4275117814540863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.4124312400817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.41228240728378296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2793525159358978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.25778114795684814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.196973979473114}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.7812488079071045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109718341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385229","display_name":"Metaheuristic","level":2,"score":0.7136037349700928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6597400903701782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181335050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14915018","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","level":2,"score":0.6341918110847473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5544542074203491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119487961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863960","display_name":"Swarm intelligence","level":3,"score":0.5122677683830261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987595161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Optimization algorithm","level":2,"score":0.48831865191459656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122357587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934508","display_name":"Multi-swarm optimization","level":3,"score":0.4503466486930847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150185637","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705773","display_name":"Test functions for optimization","level":4,"score":0.4275117814540863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.4124312400817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.41228240728378296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2793525159358978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.25778114795684814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.196973979473114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001522","descriptor_name":"Behavior, Animal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001522","descriptor_name":"Behavior, Animal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001522","descriptor_name":"Behavior, Animal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002415","descriptor_name":"Cats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002415","descriptor_name":"Cats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002415","descriptor_name":"Cats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2020/4854895","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/4854895","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cin/2020/4854895.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72372694","display_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","issn_l":"1687-5265","issn":["1687-5265","1687-5273"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32405296","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32405296","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational intelligence and neuroscience","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6448be8362504d4283c652f53265b54d","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6448be8362504d4283c652f53265b54d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience, Vol 2020 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7204373","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7204373","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Comput Intell Neurosci","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2020/4854895","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/4854895","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cin/2020/4854895.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72372694","display_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","issn_l":"1687-5265","issn":["1687-5265","1687-5273"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3000981632.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3000981632.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W414544266","https://openalex.org/W1547182370","https://openalex.org/W1548305550","https://openalex.org/W1585337363","https://openalex.org/W1817977465","https://openalex.org/W1934678427","https://openalex.org/W1979277531","https://openalex.org/W2000490666","https://openalex.org/W2004077855","https://openalex.org/W2005613359","https://openalex.org/W2024060531","https://openalex.org/W2042802301","https://openalex.org/W2044694850","https://openalex.org/W2051160666","https://openalex.org/W2077072394","https://openalex.org/W2082759946","https://openalex.org/W2092589833","https://openalex.org/W2133584084","https://openalex.org/W2143712737","https://openalex.org/W2147858007","https://openalex.org/W2166355340","https://openalex.org/W2178241549","https://openalex.org/W2183876951","https://openalex.org/W2189055429","https://openalex.org/W2191201785","https://openalex.org/W2210648255","https://openalex.org/W2269789594","https://openalex.org/W2274588796","https://openalex.org/W2276160164","https://openalex.org/W2290883490","https://openalex.org/W2292274018","https://openalex.org/W2310257988","https://openalex.org/W2341325336","https://openalex.org/W2342690071","https://openalex.org/W2461754272","https://openalex.org/W2548825887","https://openalex.org/W2556982250","https://openalex.org/W2593490522","https://openalex.org/W2607095738","https://openalex.org/W2750276022","https://openalex.org/W2758565956","https://openalex.org/W2759158711","https://openalex.org/W2760843650","https://openalex.org/W2763691931","https://openalex.org/W2765540119","https://openalex.org/W2766578054","https://openalex.org/W2766792759","https://openalex.org/W2780235268","https://openalex.org/W2780478991","https://openalex.org/W2781482596","https://openalex.org/W2790662215","https://openalex.org/W2794700355","https://openalex.org/W2799263497","https://openalex.org/W2801111610","https://openalex.org/W2802058816","https://openalex.org/W2802907803","https://openalex.org/W2811424325","https://openalex.org/W2900725581","https://openalex.org/W2913788941","https://openalex.org/W2922253249","https://openalex.org/W2923002339","https://openalex.org/W2923345427","https://openalex.org/W2923443694","https://openalex.org/W2933860896","https://openalex.org/W2940345269","https://openalex.org/W2990637432","https://openalex.org/W2992907810","https://openalex.org/W3106258432"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4308079021","https://openalex.org/W1527337688","https://openalex.org/W2399799070","https://openalex.org/W2746377055","https://openalex.org/W4386001959","https://openalex.org/W2594296178","https://openalex.org/W3089846858","https://openalex.org/W4304182880","https://openalex.org/W3012322385","https://openalex.org/W2159541481"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,65],"presents":[2],"an":[3,67],"in-depth":[4],"survey":[5,55],"and":[6,19,41,77,79,93,108,120,134],"performance":[7,58],"evaluation":[8,59],"of":[9,44,155],"cat":[10],"swarm":[11],"optimization":[12,23,39,110,117],"(CSO)":[13],"algorithm.":[14,157],"CSO":[15,85,139,156],"is":[16,66,86],"a":[17,53,57],"robust":[18],"powerful":[20,109],"metaheuristic":[21],"swarm-based":[22],"approach":[24],"that":[25,138],"has":[26,35],"received":[27],"very":[28],"positive":[29],"feedback":[30],"since":[31],"its":[32,75],"emergence.":[33],"It":[34],"been":[36,47],"tackling":[37],"many":[38,42],"problems,":[40],"variants":[43],"it":[45],"have":[46],"introduced.":[48],"However,":[49],"the":[50,135,143,153],"literature":[51],"lacks":[52],"detailed":[54],"or":[56],"in":[60],"this":[61,64],"regard.":[62],"Therefore,":[63],"attempt":[68],"to":[69,131,150],"review":[70],"all":[71],"these":[72],"works,":[73],"including":[74],"developments":[76],"applications,":[78],"group":[80],"them":[81],"accordingly.":[82],"In":[83],"addition,":[84],"tested":[87],"on":[88,142],"23":[89],"classical":[90],"benchmark":[91,96],"functions":[92,97],"10":[94],"modern":[95],"(CEC":[98],"2019).":[99],"The":[100],"results":[101,136],"are":[102,127,148],"then":[103,128],"compared":[104],"against":[105],"three":[106],"novel":[107],"algorithms,":[111],"namely,":[112],"dragonfly":[113],"algorithm":[114,118],"(DA),":[115],"butterfly":[116],"(BOA),":[119],"fitness":[121],"dependent":[122],"optimizer":[123],"(FDO).":[124],"These":[125],"algorithms":[126],"ranked":[129],"according":[130],"Friedman":[132],"test,":[133],"show":[137],"ranks":[140],"first":[141],"whole.":[144],"Finally,":[145],"statistical":[146],"approaches":[147],"employed":[149],"further":[151],"confirm":[152],"outperformance":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-05-07T13:39:58.223016","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
