{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3096064707","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2676378","title":"Efficient Algorithms on Multicommodity Flow over Time Problems with Partial Lane Reversals","display_name":"Efficient Algorithms on Multicommodity Flow over Time Problems with Partial Lane Reversals","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-10-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3096064707","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2676378","mag":"3096064707"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2020/2676378","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2676378","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ijmms/2020/2676378.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S151851439","display_name":"International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences","issn_l":"0161-1712","issn":["0161-1712","1687-0425"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ijmms/2020/2676378.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010487532","display_name":"Urmila Pyakurel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2545-3658"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155028946","display_name":"Tribhuvan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02rg1r889","country_code":"NP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155028946"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Urmila Pyakurel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central Department of Mathematics, Tribhuvan University, P.O. Box 13143, Kathmandu, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2545-3658","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central Department of Mathematics, Tribhuvan University, P.O. Box 13143, Kathmandu, Nepal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155028946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062027682","display_name":"Shiva Prakash Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2059-6492"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155028946","display_name":"Tribhuvan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02rg1r889","country_code":"NP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155028946"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiva Prakash Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tribhuvan University, Tri-Chandra Multiple Campus, Kathmandu, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tribhuvan University, Tri-Chandra Multiple Campus, Kathmandu, Nepal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155028946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087877506","display_name":"Durga Prasad Khanal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6491-5515"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155028946","display_name":"Tribhuvan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02rg1r889","country_code":"NP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155028946"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Durga Prasad Khanal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tribhuvan University, Saraswati Multiple Campus, Kathmandu, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tribhuvan University, Saraswati Multiple Campus, Kathmandu, Nepal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155028946"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001000469","display_name":"Tanka Nath Dhamala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3390-9707"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155028946","display_name":"Tribhuvan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02rg1r889","country_code":"NP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155028946"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tanka Nath Dhamala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central Department of Mathematics, Tribhuvan University, P.O. Box 13143, Kathmandu, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3390-9707","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central Department of Mathematics, Tribhuvan University, P.O. Box 13143, Kathmandu, Nepal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155028946"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001000469"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155028946"],"apc_list":{"value":1025,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1025},"apc_paid":{"value":1025,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1025},"fwci":3.4143,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92373073,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2020","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12546","display_name":"Smart Parking Systems Research","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-commodity-flow-problem","display_name":"Multi-commodity flow problem","score":0.8373115062713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","score":0.6898914575576782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-cost-flow-problem","display_name":"Minimum-cost flow problem","score":0.6295615434646606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-complexity","display_name":"Time complexity","score":0.6273184418678284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow-network","display_name":"Flow network","score":0.5922608375549316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5885586738586426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transshipment","display_name":"Transshipment (information security)","score":0.5872079730033875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5627245306968689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-flow-problem","display_name":"Maximum flow problem","score":0.46930721402168274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polynomial","display_name":"Polynomial","score":0.4339566230773926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/out-of-kilter-algorithm","display_name":"Out-of-kilter algorithm","score":0.4150574505329132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3762701153755188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dijkstras-algorithm","display_name":"Dijkstra's algorithm","score":0.18963491916656494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.13289552927017212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shortest-path-problem","display_name":"Shortest path problem","score":0.10632607340812683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.10626024007797241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.06986275315284729}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170334043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934437","display_name":"Multi-commodity flow problem","level":3,"score":0.8373115062713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6898914575576782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99545648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2897180","display_name":"Minimum-cost flow problem","level":3,"score":0.6295615434646606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C311688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393193","display_name":"Time complexity","level":2,"score":0.6273184418678284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114809511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412924","display_name":"Flow network","level":2,"score":0.5922608375549316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5885586738586426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776234997","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17134191","display_name":"Transshipment (information security)","level":2,"score":0.5872079730033875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5627245306968689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157469704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2585642","display_name":"Maximum flow problem","level":2,"score":0.46930721402168274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90119067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43260","display_name":"Polynomial","level":2,"score":0.4339566230773926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133824558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16893660","display_name":"Out-of-kilter algorithm","level":5,"score":0.4150574505329132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3762701153755188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173870130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8548","display_name":"Dijkstra's algorithm","level":4,"score":0.18963491916656494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.13289552927017212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22590252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058754","display_name":"Shortest path problem","level":3,"score":0.10632607340812683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.10626024007797241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.06986275315284729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2020/2676378","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2676378","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ijmms/2020/2676378.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S151851439","display_name":"International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences","issn_l":"0161-1712","issn":["0161-1712","1687-0425"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:hin:jijmms:2676378","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/IJMMS/2020/2676378.xml","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9d60daf0a5154f79b0a40c1ffee845a5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9d60daf0a5154f79b0a40c1ffee845a5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences, Vol 2020 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2020/2676378","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2676378","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ijmms/2020/2676378.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S151851439","display_name":"International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences","issn_l":"0161-1712","issn":["0161-1712","1687-0425"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308269","display_name":"Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung","ror":"https://ror.org/012kf4317"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320767","display_name":"University Grants Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/04p800546"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325936","display_name":"University Grants Commission- Nepal","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3096064707.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3096064707.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977545325","https://openalex.org/W2007899233","https://openalex.org/W2008133042","https://openalex.org/W2012470298","https://openalex.org/W2022321639","https://openalex.org/W2042061024","https://openalex.org/W2063317370","https://openalex.org/W2117595194","https://openalex.org/W2147567448","https://openalex.org/W2149705873","https://openalex.org/W2156849732","https://openalex.org/W2312978142","https://openalex.org/W2322227392","https://openalex.org/W2508656061","https://openalex.org/W2586456680","https://openalex.org/W2981175972","https://openalex.org/W3020493494","https://openalex.org/W3031320067","https://openalex.org/W3034678158","https://openalex.org/W3089783595","https://openalex.org/W4244424643"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2080904092","https://openalex.org/W3035974271","https://openalex.org/W4206915070","https://openalex.org/W3161514703","https://openalex.org/W3141113327","https://openalex.org/W2531764854","https://openalex.org/W2625547693","https://openalex.org/W2355612523","https://openalex.org/W2051329268","https://openalex.org/W2366102085"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,28,63],"multicommodity":[1,113],"flow":[2,30,52,58,78,114,124,137],"problem":[3,33,53,67,125,148],"arises":[4],"when":[5],"several":[6],"different":[7],"commodities":[8],"are":[9,82,139],"transshipped":[10],"from":[11],"specific":[12],"supply":[13],"nodes":[14,19],"to":[15,35,145],"the":[16,21,37,49,57,69,87,92,95,110,121,130,146],"corresponding":[17],"demand":[18,93],"through":[20],"arcs":[22],"of":[23,39,89,112],"an":[24,142],"underlying":[25],"capacity":[26],"network.":[27],"maximum":[29,122,135],"over":[31,79],"time":[32,45,61,80],"concerns":[34],"maximize":[36],"sum":[38],"commodity":[40],"flows":[41],"in":[42,109,151],"a":[43,104,117],"given":[44],"horizon.":[46],"It":[47],"becomes":[48],"earliest":[50,64,131],"arrival":[51,65,132],"if":[54],"it":[55],"maximizes":[56],"at":[59],"each":[60],"step.":[62],"transshipment":[66,133],"is":[68,149],"one":[70],"that":[71],"satisfies":[72],"specified":[73],"supplies":[74],"and":[75,126,134],"demands.":[76],"These":[77],"problems":[81,138],"computationally":[83],"hard.":[84],"By":[85],"reverting":[86],"orientation":[88],"lanes":[90],"towards":[91],"nodes,":[94],"outbound":[96],"lane":[97,106],"capacities":[98],"can":[99],"be":[100],"increased.":[101],"We":[102],"introduce":[103],"partial":[105],"reversal":[107],"approach":[108],"class":[111],"problems.":[115],"Moreover,":[116],"polynomial-time":[118],"algorithm":[119],"for":[120,129],"static":[123],"pseudopolynomial":[127],"algorithms":[128],"dynamic":[136],"presented.":[140],"Also,":[141],"approximation":[143],"solution":[144],"latter":[147],"obtained":[150],"polynomial-time.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
