{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2977554407","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/9029526","title":"An Efficient Design of DCT Approximation Based on Quantum Dot Cellular Automata (QCA) Technology","display_name":"An Efficient Design of DCT Approximation Based on Quantum Dot Cellular Automata (QCA) Technology","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2977554407","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/9029526","mag":"2977554407"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2019/9029526","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/9029526","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jece/2019/9029526.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S174662166","display_name":"Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","issn_l":"2090-0147","issn":["2090-0147","2090-0155"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jece/2019/9029526.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022847906","display_name":"Ismail Gassoumi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7133-9050"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166928557","display_name":"University of Monastir","ror":"https://ror.org/00nhtcg76","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166928557"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ismail Gassoumi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Electronics and Microelectronics, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Electronics and Microelectronics, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166928557"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014665908","display_name":"Lamjed Touil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5676-8404"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166928557","display_name":"University of Monastir","ror":"https://ror.org/00nhtcg76","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166928557"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lamjed Touil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Higher Institute of Technological Studies of Sousse, Monastir, Tunisia","Laboratory of Electronics and Microelectronics, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Higher Institute of Technological Studies of Sousse, Monastir, Tunisia","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Electronics and Microelectronics, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166928557"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103171883","display_name":"Bouraoui Ouni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5708-3802"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8636806","display_name":"University of Sousse","ror":"https://ror.org/00dmpgj58","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8636806"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bouraoui Ouni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Networked Objects Control & Communication Systems Lab, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Networked Objects Control & Communication Systems Lab, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8636806"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070390073","display_name":"Abdellatif Mtibaa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5180-9975"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166928557","display_name":"University of Monastir","ror":"https://ror.org/00nhtcg76","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166928557"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdellatif Mtibaa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Electronics and Microelectronics, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Electronics and Microelectronics, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166928557"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022847906"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166928557"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1400},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1400},"fwci":1.3579,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83417356,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"2019","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13182","display_name":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13182","display_name":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-dot-cellular-automaton","display_name":"Quantum dot cellular automaton","score":0.7124097943305969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6765808463096619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-cosine-transform","display_name":"Discrete cosine transform","score":0.6455771923065186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5472157597541809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-automaton","display_name":"Cellular automaton","score":0.5370895266532898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circuit-design","display_name":"Circuit design","score":0.5158624053001404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.46244674921035767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplier","display_name":"Multiplier (economics)","score":0.4517086446285248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4334867596626282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.4233905076980591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.37573644518852234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.2621144950389862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.22112134099006653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.19921976327896118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.19060596823692322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15961933135986328}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116523029","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7269040","display_name":"Quantum dot cellular automaton","level":3,"score":0.7124097943305969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6765808463096619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2221639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2877","display_name":"Discrete cosine transform","level":3,"score":0.6455771923065186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5472157597541809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35527583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189156","display_name":"Cellular automaton","level":2,"score":0.5370895266532898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190560348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3245116","display_name":"Circuit design","level":2,"score":0.5158624053001404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.46244674921035767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124584101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053266","display_name":"Multiplier (economics)","level":2,"score":0.4517086446285248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4334867596626282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.4233905076980591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.37573644518852234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.2621144950389862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.22112134099006653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.19921976327896118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.19060596823692322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15961933135986328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2019/9029526","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/9029526","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jece/2019/9029526.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S174662166","display_name":"Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","issn_l":"2090-0147","issn":["2090-0147","2090-0155"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:970827ddff8d4440acab9eb3f6f8db13","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/970827ddff8d4440acab9eb3f6f8db13","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vol 2019 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2019/9029526","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/9029526","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jece/2019/9029526.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S174662166","display_name":"Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","issn_l":"2090-0147","issn":["2090-0147","2090-0155"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7900000214576721}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2977554407.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2977554407.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975777542","https://openalex.org/W1976924286","https://openalex.org/W1979396045","https://openalex.org/W1981542807","https://openalex.org/W1986548549","https://openalex.org/W2012763482","https://openalex.org/W2027703730","https://openalex.org/W2027884601","https://openalex.org/W2031614119","https://openalex.org/W2037871992","https://openalex.org/W2050242432","https://openalex.org/W2057854285","https://openalex.org/W2059030116","https://openalex.org/W2062358323","https://openalex.org/W2073858544","https://openalex.org/W2096738483","https://openalex.org/W2099501024","https://openalex.org/W2119708875","https://openalex.org/W2121290756","https://openalex.org/W2128369966","https://openalex.org/W2130132302","https://openalex.org/W2133403974","https://openalex.org/W2140199336","https://openalex.org/W2149584339","https://openalex.org/W2151030344","https://openalex.org/W2155723362","https://openalex.org/W2167427745","https://openalex.org/W2167919138","https://openalex.org/W2171993146","https://openalex.org/W2286078278","https://openalex.org/W2296485533","https://openalex.org/W2417049676","https://openalex.org/W2463851436","https://openalex.org/W2581645173","https://openalex.org/W2606058077","https://openalex.org/W2792336171","https://openalex.org/W2795353829","https://openalex.org/W2890781008","https://openalex.org/W2890920018","https://openalex.org/W2912636021","https://openalex.org/W3105523820"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2055682261","https://openalex.org/W1916685473","https://openalex.org/W2164619678","https://openalex.org/W1993363272","https://openalex.org/W2174937762","https://openalex.org/W2186390138","https://openalex.org/W2113544496","https://openalex.org/W2107154702","https://openalex.org/W2069385581","https://openalex.org/W2967983937"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Optimization":[0],"for":[1,65,74,148,207],"power":[2,50,98,130,165,173,188,209],"is":[3,19,168],"one":[4,23],"of":[5,24,39,68,78,155,175,187,195,205],"the":[6,25,49,53,66,76,111,138,172,176,190],"most":[7,26],"important":[8],"design":[9,67,123,151,181],"objectives":[10],"in":[11,29,89,108,118,158,185],"modern":[12],"digital":[13],"image":[14,30,79,210],"processing":[15,82,211],"applications.":[16],"The":[17,121,142,179,193],"DCT":[18,116],"considered":[20],"to":[21,137,170],"be":[22],"essential":[27],"techniques":[28],"and":[31,35,72,80,103,132,152],"video":[32,81],"compression":[33],"systems,":[34],"consequently":[36],"a":[37,62,104,114,162,202],"number":[38],"extensive":[40],"works":[41],"had":[42],"been":[43,146],"carried":[44],"out":[45],"by":[46],"researchers":[47],"on":[48],"optimization.":[51],"On":[52],"other":[54],"hand,":[55],"quantum-dot":[56],"cellular":[57],"automata":[58],"(QCA)":[59],"can":[60,198],"present":[61],"novel":[63],"opportunity":[64,206],"highly":[69],"parallel":[70],"architectures":[71],"algorithms":[73],"improving":[75],"performance":[77],"systems.":[83,212],"Furthermore,":[84],"it":[85],"has":[86,145,182],"considerable":[87],"advantages":[88],"comparison":[90],"with":[91],"CMOS":[92],"technology,":[93],"such":[94],"as":[95],"extremely":[96],"low":[97,129,134,208],"dissipation,":[99],"high":[100,125],"operating":[101],"frequency,":[102],"small":[105],"size.":[106],"Therefore,":[107],"this":[109,159,196],"study,":[110],"authors":[112],"propose":[113],"multiplier-less":[115],"architecture":[117],"QCA":[119,149],"technology.":[120],"proposed":[122,177],"provides":[124],"circuit":[126,150],"performance,":[127],"very":[128,133,163],"consumption,":[131],"dimension":[135],"outperform":[136],"existing":[139],"conventional":[140,191],"structures.":[141],"QCADesigner":[143],"tool":[144],"utilized":[147],"functional":[153],"verification":[154],"all":[156],"designs":[157],"work.":[160],"QCAPro,":[161],"widespread":[164],"estimator":[166],"tool,":[167],"applied":[169],"estimate":[171],"dissipation":[174],"circuit.":[178],"suggested":[180],"53%":[183],"improvement":[184],"terms":[186],"over":[189],"solution.":[192],"outcome":[194],"work":[197],"clearly":[199],"open":[200],"up":[201],"new":[203],"window":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
