{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2925910070","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8934905","title":"ECG-Based Subject Identification Using Common Spatial Pattern and SVM","display_name":"ECG-Based Subject Identification Using Common Spatial Pattern and SVM","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2925910070","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8934905","mag":"2925910070"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2019/8934905","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8934905","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/js/2019/8934905.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96783963","display_name":"Journal of Sensors","issn_l":"1687-725X","issn":["1687-725X","1687-7268"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/js/2019/8934905.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049691671","display_name":"Turky N. Alotaiby","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0924-1746"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1284598098","display_name":"King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05tdz6m39","country_code":"SA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1284598098"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Turky N. Alotaiby","raw_affiliation_strings":["KACST, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0924-1746","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KACST, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1284598098"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048294128","display_name":"Saleh A. Alshebeili","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4157-9277"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1284598098","display_name":"King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05tdz6m39","country_code":"SA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1284598098"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saleh A. Alshebeili","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Elect. Engineering, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia","KACST-TIC in Radio Frequency and Photonics for the e-Society (RFTONICS), Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Elect. Engineering, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KACST-TIC in Radio Frequency and Photonics for the e-Society (RFTONICS), Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1284598098"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058407337","display_name":"Latifah M. Aljafar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142024983","display_name":"Prince Sultan University","ror":"https://ror.org/053mqrf26","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Latifah M. Aljafar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Prince Sultan University, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Prince Sultan University, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103089145","display_name":"Waleed Alsabhan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6921-8812"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1284598098","display_name":"King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05tdz6m39","country_code":"SA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1284598098"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Waleed M. Alsabhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["KACST, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6921-8812","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KACST, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1284598098"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049691671"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1284598098"],"apc_list":{"value":2100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2100},"apc_paid":{"value":2100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2100},"fwci":2.3003,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89434295,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2019","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9830999970436096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.805404543876648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.7229984402656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6637942790985107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.527271568775177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.512304425239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-error-rate","display_name":"Word error rate","score":0.4702020287513733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.46156755089759827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.42573976516723633}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.805404543876648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7229984402656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6637942790985107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.527271568775177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.512304425239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40969351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3516228","display_name":"Word error rate","level":2,"score":0.4702020287513733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.46156755089759827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.42573976516723633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2019/8934905","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8934905","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/js/2019/8934905.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96783963","display_name":"Journal of Sensors","issn_l":"1687-725X","issn":["1687-725X","1687-7268"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6f70c9ec36054ce1ad745c1fdd83075d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6f70c9ec36054ce1ad745c1fdd83075d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensors, Vol 2019 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:hindawi.com:10.1155/2019/8934905","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8934905","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400340","display_name":"Hindawi Journal of Chemistry (Hindawi)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210126990","host_organization_name":"Hindawi (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Research Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2019/8934905","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8934905","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/js/2019/8934905.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96783963","display_name":"Journal of Sensors","issn_l":"1687-725X","issn":["1687-725X","1687-7268"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321145","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2925910070.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2925910070.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1563088657","https://openalex.org/W1654391526","https://openalex.org/W1891173449","https://openalex.org/W1968576535","https://openalex.org/W1974256708","https://openalex.org/W2002422013","https://openalex.org/W2004060617","https://openalex.org/W2006873322","https://openalex.org/W2007123640","https://openalex.org/W2011355574","https://openalex.org/W2033708634","https://openalex.org/W2038089898","https://openalex.org/W2041115136","https://openalex.org/W2049253729","https://openalex.org/W2050433098","https://openalex.org/W2071990626","https://openalex.org/W2082070408","https://openalex.org/W2088580249","https://openalex.org/W2089683591","https://openalex.org/W2096295229","https://openalex.org/W2098508968","https://openalex.org/W2099509424","https://openalex.org/W2103268550","https://openalex.org/W2112523819","https://openalex.org/W2118978333","https://openalex.org/W2142280324","https://openalex.org/W2144598610","https://openalex.org/W2159270577","https://openalex.org/W2168028135","https://openalex.org/W2170941890","https://openalex.org/W2316540906","https://openalex.org/W2339266874","https://openalex.org/W2521641300","https://openalex.org/W2736978235","https://openalex.org/W2759456125","https://openalex.org/W2766958857","https://openalex.org/W2793969364","https://openalex.org/W2795360215"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2090763504","https://openalex.org/W148178222","https://openalex.org/W2104657898","https://openalex.org/W1948992892","https://openalex.org/W1886884218","https://openalex.org/W1910826599","https://openalex.org/W2012353789","https://openalex.org/W2530420969","https://openalex.org/W2051187167","https://openalex.org/W1980100242"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"a":[3,18,80,92,131,157],"nonfiducial":[4],"electrocardiogram":[5],"(ECG,":[6],"the":[7,11,15,26,32,107,124,140],"process":[8],"of":[9,14,20,48,123,146,152,156,171,177],"recording":[10],"electrical":[12],"activity":[13],"heart":[16],"over":[17],"period":[19],"time":[21],"using":[22],"electrodes":[23],"placed":[24],"on":[25,31,79,116],"skin)":[27],"identification":[28,108,112,144,169],"system":[29,113,141],"based":[30],"common":[33],"spatial":[34],"pattern":[35],"(CSP)":[36],"feature":[37],"extraction":[38],"technique":[39],"is":[40,103],"presented.":[41],"The":[42,84,110,154],"single-":[43],"and":[44,56,148,173],"multilead":[45],"ECG":[46,128],"signals":[47],"each":[49,74],"subject":[50],"are":[51,68,71,87],"divided":[52],"into":[53],"nonoverlapping":[54],"segments,":[55],"different":[57],"segment":[58,76],"lengths":[59],"(1,":[60],"3,":[61],"5,":[62],"7,":[63],"10,":[64,117],"or":[65],"15":[66],"seconds)":[67],"investigated.":[69],"Features":[70],"extracted":[72,85],"from":[73],"signal":[75],"through":[77],"projection":[78,82],"CSP":[81],"matrix.":[83],"features":[86],"then":[88,104],"used":[89],"to":[90],"train":[91],"radial":[93],"basis":[94],"function":[95],"kernel-based":[96],"Support":[97],"Vector":[98],"Machine":[99],"(SVM)":[100],"classifier,":[101],"which":[102],"employed":[105],"in":[106,167],"phase.":[109],"proposed":[111],"was":[114],"evaluated":[115],"20,":[118],"\u2026,":[119],"200":[120,137,163],"reference":[121,138,164],"subjects":[122,165],"Physikalisch-Technische":[125],"Bundesanstalt":[126],"(PTB)":[127],"database.":[129],"Using":[130],"single":[132,158],"limb-based":[133],"lead":[134,160],"(I)":[135],"with":[136],"subjects,":[139],"achieved":[142],"an":[143,168],"rate":[145,151,170,176],"95.15%":[147],"equal":[149,174],"error":[150,175],"0.1.":[153],"use":[155],"chest-based":[159],"(V3)":[161],"for":[162],"resulted":[166],"98.92%":[172],"0.08.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
