{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2924378608","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6768526","title":"Evacuation Traffic Management under Diffusion of Toxic Gas Based on an Improved Road Risk Level Assessment Method","display_name":"Evacuation Traffic Management under Diffusion of Toxic Gas Based on an Improved Road Risk Level Assessment Method","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2924378608","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6768526","mag":"2924378608"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2019/6768526","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6768526","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2019/6768526.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2019/6768526.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100423657","display_name":"Zheng Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Big Data Application Technologies for Comprehensive Transport, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Big Data Application Technologies for Comprehensive Transport, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Big Data Application Technologies for Comprehensive Transport, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Big Data Application Technologies for Comprehensive Transport, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038847300","display_name":"Xingang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5956-0999"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xingang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Big Data Application Technologies for Comprehensive Transport, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Big Data Application Technologies for Comprehensive Transport, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Big Data Application Technologies for Comprehensive Transport, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Big Data Application Technologies for Comprehensive Transport, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100438223","display_name":"Xiaojing Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7897-3158"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaojing Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Big Data Application Technologies for Comprehensive Transport, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Big Data Application Technologies for Comprehensive Transport, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Big Data Application Technologies for Comprehensive Transport, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Big Data Application Technologies for Comprehensive Transport, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038847300"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"],"apc_list":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"apc_paid":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"fwci":1.5389,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81275172,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"2019","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11500","display_name":"Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11500","display_name":"Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safer","display_name":"SAFER","score":0.7203409671783447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6147063970565796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-assessment","display_name":"Risk assessment","score":0.5750064253807068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toxic-gas","display_name":"Toxic gas","score":0.5535802245140076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49813151359558105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upstream","display_name":"Upstream (networking)","score":0.4565848708152771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hazard","display_name":"Hazard","score":0.45424896478652954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/road-traffic","display_name":"Road traffic","score":0.4290004074573517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-management","display_name":"Risk management","score":0.4112602770328522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.3661896884441376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.35966169834136963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.15456533432006836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-engineering","display_name":"Environmental engineering","score":0.14860692620277405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14612945914268494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.09094414114952087}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776654903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2601463","display_name":"SAFER","level":2,"score":0.7203409671783447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6147063970565796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.5750064253807068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994219458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2263216","display_name":"Toxic gas","level":2,"score":0.5535802245140076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49813151359558105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191172861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7899321","display_name":"Upstream (networking)","level":2,"score":0.4565848708152771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49261128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132455","display_name":"Hazard","level":2,"score":0.45424896478652954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985695025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4323994","display_name":"Road traffic","level":2,"score":0.4290004074573517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32896092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189447","display_name":"Risk management","level":2,"score":0.4112602770328522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.3661896884441376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.35966169834136963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.15456533432006836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.14860692620277405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14612945914268494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.09094414114952087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2019/6768526","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6768526","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2019/6768526.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:hin:complx:6768526","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/8503/2019/6768526.xml","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cdbded29e9324b778d8d1a23bc458e59","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cdbded29e9324b778d8d1a23bc458e59","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Complexity, Vol 2019 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:hindawi.com:10.1155/2019/6768526","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6768526","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400340","display_name":"Hindawi Journal of Chemistry (Hindawi)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210126990","host_organization_name":"Hindawi (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Research Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2019/6768526","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6768526","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2019/6768526.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1250441024","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"71371001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2376276132","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2517404117","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"7163100","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2909033897","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFC0803300","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3517210589","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"71621001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4614575681","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"71621001,","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G587651574","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"71621001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G630077093","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No. 2018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7033253288","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grants","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G711489789","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"71771021","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8049209353","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"71631002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8951484681","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2924378608.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2924378608.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W328755955","https://openalex.org/W1518704671","https://openalex.org/W1968339602","https://openalex.org/W1968820240","https://openalex.org/W1978470416","https://openalex.org/W1983870487","https://openalex.org/W1997225801","https://openalex.org/W2007149048","https://openalex.org/W2007425004","https://openalex.org/W2016627828","https://openalex.org/W2020793530","https://openalex.org/W2021786514","https://openalex.org/W2025978790","https://openalex.org/W2032549372","https://openalex.org/W2037141248","https://openalex.org/W2060949639","https://openalex.org/W2146918331","https://openalex.org/W2149031210","https://openalex.org/W2268261988","https://openalex.org/W2480203399","https://openalex.org/W2773218332","https://openalex.org/W2792069854","https://openalex.org/W2903400658","https://openalex.org/W4250251876"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2953205341","https://openalex.org/W235065745","https://openalex.org/W2029935773","https://openalex.org/W2787754950","https://openalex.org/W1572215850","https://openalex.org/W1985775355","https://openalex.org/W2352115286","https://openalex.org/W2581771437","https://openalex.org/W2084793300","https://openalex.org/W2476350415"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Toxic":[0],"gas":[1,48,53],"leakage":[2],"has":[3],"diffusion":[4,119],"characteristics":[5],"and":[6,59,104,109,145],"thus":[7],"dynamically":[8],"affects":[9],"surrounding":[10],"zones.":[11],"Most":[12],"of":[13,78,98,102,107,120],"current":[14],"evacuation":[15,80,113,133],"traffic":[16,81,114,134],"management":[17,82,115],"models":[18],"set":[19],"the":[20,32,35,46,51,76,96,99,118,132,153,162],"road":[21,89,108,155],"risk":[22,90,100,156,167],"level":[23,91,157,168],"as":[24],"a":[25,39,111],"static":[26],"value,":[27,41],"which":[28,42],"is":[29,43,56,128,140],"related":[30],"to":[31,34,70,130],"distance":[33],"hazard":[36],"source,":[37],"or":[38],"dynamic":[40],"determined":[44],"by":[45],"toxic":[47,52,121],"concentration.":[49],"However,":[50],"propagation":[54],"direction":[55],"not":[57],"considered,":[58],"this":[60,84],"may":[61],"lead":[62],"some":[63],"evacuees":[64,163],"driving":[65,164],"from":[66,170],"less":[67,171],"dangerous":[68,72,172],"regions":[69,169],"higher":[71,166],"regions.":[73,173],"To":[74],"address":[75],"shortcomings":[77],"traditional":[79],"models,":[83],"paper":[85],"proposes":[86],"an":[87],"improved":[88,154],"assessment":[92,158],"method":[93,159],"based":[94],"on":[95,143],"difference":[97],"levels":[101],"upstream":[103],"downstream":[105],"zones":[106],"develops":[110],"safer":[112],"model":[116],"under":[117],"gas.":[122],"The":[123,148],"Cell":[124],"Transmission":[125],"Model":[126],"(CTM)":[127],"used":[129],"depict":[131],"loading":[135],"process.":[136],"A":[137],"numerical":[138],"test":[139,149],"carried":[141],"out":[142],"Nguyen":[144],"Dupuis":[146],"Network.":[147],"results":[150],"show":[151],"that":[152],"can":[160],"avoid":[161],"into":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
