{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2946491632","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2351591","title":"PathGame: Crowdsourcing Time-Constrained Human Solutions for the Travelling Salesperson Problem","display_name":"PathGame: Crowdsourcing Time-Constrained Human Solutions for the Travelling Salesperson Problem","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2946491632","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2351591","mag":"2946491632","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31214254"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2019/2351591","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2351591","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cin/2019/2351591.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72372694","display_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","issn_l":"1687-5265","issn":["1687-5265","1687-5273"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cin/2019/2351591.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091870837","display_name":"Slavi\u0161a Dumni\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6935-3969"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170726198","display_name":"University of Novi Sad","ror":"https://ror.org/00xa57a59","country_code":"RS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170726198"]}],"countries":["RS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Slavi\u0161a Dumni\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Traffic Engineering, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 6, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6935-3969","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Traffic Engineering, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 6, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170726198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018346440","display_name":"\u0110or\u0111ije Dupljanin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2090-2138"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170726198","display_name":"University of Novi Sad","ror":"https://ror.org/00xa57a59","country_code":"RS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170726198"]}],"countries":["RS"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"\u0110or\u0111ije Dupljanin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Traffic Engineering, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 6, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2090-2138","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Traffic Engineering, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 6, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170726198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048433766","display_name":"Vladimir Bo\u017eovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6341-7685"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5936373","display_name":"University of Montenegro","ror":"https://ror.org/02drrjp49","country_code":"ME","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5936373"]}],"countries":["ME"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vladimir Bo\u017eovi\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Podgorica, Bulevar D\u017eord\u017ea Va\u0161ingtona bb, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Podgorica, Bulevar D\u017eord\u017ea Va\u0161ingtona bb, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5936373"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036395763","display_name":"Dubravko \u0106ulibrk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3417-1687"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170726198","display_name":"University of Novi Sad","ror":"https://ror.org/00xa57a59","country_code":"RS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170726198"]}],"countries":["RS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dubravko \u0106ulibrk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 6, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 6, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170726198"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018346440"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170726198"],"apc_list":{"value":2550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2550},"apc_paid":{"value":2550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2550},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.04853686,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"2019","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.9883999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crowdsourcing","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","score":0.8172198534011841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7956388592720032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.6185970902442932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instinct","display_name":"Instinct","score":0.5579476356506348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/travelling-salesman-problem","display_name":"Travelling salesman problem","score":0.5183221101760864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.43494194746017456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.3973885774612427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.1584106683731079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.12047317624092102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11884200572967529}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62230096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275969","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","level":2,"score":0.8172198534011841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7956388592720032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6185970902442932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3232509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18237","display_name":"Instinct","level":2,"score":0.5579476356506348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175859090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322212","display_name":"Travelling salesman problem","level":2,"score":0.5183221101760864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.43494194746017456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.3973885774612427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.1584106683731079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.12047317624092102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11884200572967529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003657","descriptor_name":"Decision Making","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003657","descriptor_name":"Decision Making","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003657","descriptor_name":"Decision Making","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011340","descriptor_name":"Problem Solving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011340","descriptor_name":"Problem Solving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011340","descriptor_name":"Problem Solving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018910","descriptor_name":"Video Games","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018910","descriptor_name":"Video Games","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018910","descriptor_name":"Video Games","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063045","descriptor_name":"Crowdsourcing","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063045","descriptor_name":"Crowdsourcing","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063045","descriptor_name":"Crowdsourcing","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D065854","descriptor_name":"Spatial Navigation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D065854","descriptor_name":"Spatial Navigation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D065854","descriptor_name":"Spatial Navigation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2019/2351591","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2351591","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cin/2019/2351591.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72372694","display_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","issn_l":"1687-5265","issn":["1687-5265","1687-5273"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31214254","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31214254","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational intelligence and neuroscience","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1d4a5f1dd08f4d7ba2bde049ec73eab6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1d4a5f1dd08f4d7ba2bde049ec73eab6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience, Vol 2019 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5544355","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6535870","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2019/2351591","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2351591","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cin/2019/2351591.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72372694","display_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","issn_l":"1687-5265","issn":["1687-5265","1687-5273"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.8199999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322349","display_name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01p262204"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322729","display_name":"Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnolo\u0161kog Razvoja","ror":"https://ror.org/01znas443"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334771","display_name":"Science and Engineering Research Board","ror":"https://ror.org/03ffdsr55"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2946491632.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2946491632.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973415219","https://openalex.org/W2026522103","https://openalex.org/W2032767523","https://openalex.org/W2092439775","https://openalex.org/W2094662834","https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2154061444","https://openalex.org/W2257979135","https://openalex.org/W2376912451"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3032998312","https://openalex.org/W135177976","https://openalex.org/W4384486036","https://openalex.org/W1503094549","https://openalex.org/W2337920774","https://openalex.org/W4286908577","https://openalex.org/W2886410948","https://openalex.org/W2025875869","https://openalex.org/W4318823662","https://openalex.org/W2357264280"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Human":[0],"strategies":[1],"for":[2,27],"solving":[3],"the":[4,12,15,28,47,60,65,72,85,109,123],"travelling":[5],"salesperson":[6],"problem":[7,73],"(TSP)":[8],"continue":[9],"to":[10,19,46,70,94,115,130],"draw":[11],"attention":[13],"of":[14,22,30,39,43,64,98,108,133],"researcher":[16],"community,":[17],"both":[18],"further":[20],"understanding":[21],"human":[23,44],"decision-making":[24,62],"and":[25,49,122],"inspiration":[26],"design":[29],"automated":[31],"solvers.":[32],"Online":[33],"games":[34],"represent":[35],"an":[36],"efficient":[37,82],"way":[38],"collecting":[40],"large":[41,134],"amounts":[42],"solutions":[45],"TSP,":[48],"PathGame":[50,67,93],"is":[51],"a":[52,96],"game":[53],"focusing":[54],"on":[55],"non-Euclideanclosed-form":[56],"TSP.":[57],"To":[58],"capture":[59],"instinctive":[61],"process":[63],"users,":[66],"requires":[68],"users":[69],"solve":[71,120,131],"as":[74,76],"quickly":[75],"possible,":[77],"while":[78],"still":[79],"favouring":[80],"more":[81],"tours.":[83],"In":[84],"initial":[86],"study":[87],"presented":[88],"here,":[89],"we":[90],"have":[91],"used":[92],"collect":[95],"dataset":[97],"over":[99,103],"16,000":[100],"tours,":[101],"containing":[102],"22,000,000":[104],"destinations.":[105],"Our":[106],"analysis":[107],"data":[110],"revealed":[111],"new":[112],"insights":[113],"related":[114],"ways":[116],"in":[117],"which":[118],"humans":[119],"TSP":[121],"time":[124],"it":[125],"takes":[126],"them":[127],"when":[128],"forced":[129],"TSPs":[132],"complexity":[135],"quickly.":[136]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-31T08:31:51.225901","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
