{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2908091011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1294267","title":"FPGA Implementation of Digital Images Watermarking System Based on Discrete Haar Wavelet Transform","display_name":"FPGA Implementation of Digital Images Watermarking System Based on Discrete Haar Wavelet Transform","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2908091011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1294267","mag":"2908091011"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2019/1294267","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1294267","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/scn/2019/1294267.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120683614","display_name":"Security and Communication Networks","issn_l":"1939-0114","issn":["1939-0114","1939-0122"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Security and Communication Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/scn/2019/1294267.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107974337","display_name":"Mohamed Ali Hajjaji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8271-4415"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166928557","display_name":"University of Monastir","ror":"https://ror.org/00nhtcg76","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166928557"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Ali Hajjaji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 de Monastir, Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Microelectronique, LR99ES30, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8271-4415","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 de Monastir, Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Microelectronique, LR99ES30, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166928557"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027233065","display_name":"Mohamed Gafsi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3623-9844"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166928557","display_name":"University of Monastir","ror":"https://ror.org/00nhtcg76","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166928557"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391012590","display_name":"Ecole Nationale d'Ing\u00e9nieurs de Monastir","ror":"https://ror.org/045yr8682","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166928557","https://openalex.org/I4391012590"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Gafsi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 de Monastir, Ecole Nationale d\u2019Ing\u00e9nieurs de Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia","Universit\u00e9 de Monastir, Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Microelectronique, LR99ES30, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3623-9844","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 de Monastir, Ecole Nationale d\u2019Ing\u00e9nieurs de Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166928557","https://openalex.org/I4391012590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 de Monastir, Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Microelectronique, LR99ES30, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166928557"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002102526","display_name":"Abdessalem Ben Abdelali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3218-1964"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166928557","display_name":"University of Monastir","ror":"https://ror.org/00nhtcg76","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166928557"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdessalem Ben Abdelali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 de Monastir, Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Microelectronique, LR99ES30, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3218-1964","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 de Monastir, Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Microelectronique, LR99ES30, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166928557"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070390073","display_name":"Abdellatif Mtibaa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5180-9975"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166928557","display_name":"University of Monastir","ror":"https://ror.org/00nhtcg76","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166928557"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391012590","display_name":"Ecole Nationale d'Ing\u00e9nieurs de Monastir","ror":"https://ror.org/045yr8682","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166928557","https://openalex.org/I4391012590"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdellatif Mtibaa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 de Monastir, Ecole Nationale d\u2019Ing\u00e9nieurs de Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia","Universit\u00e9 de Monastir, Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Microelectronique, LR99ES30, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 de Monastir, Ecole Nationale d\u2019Ing\u00e9nieurs de Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166928557","https://openalex.org/I4391012590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 de Monastir, Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Microelectronique, LR99ES30, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166928557"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5107974337"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166928557"],"apc_list":{"value":2550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2550},"apc_paid":{"value":2550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2550},"fwci":3.2784,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92963042,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2019","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"17"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8469972014427185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-watermarking","display_name":"Digital watermarking","score":0.7799933552742004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7497118711471558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.7493842840194702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-wavelet-transform","display_name":"Discrete wavelet transform","score":0.7481746077537537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.5290452837944031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/watermark","display_name":"Watermark","score":0.5116353631019592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/haar-wavelet","display_name":"Haar wavelet","score":0.4993460178375244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matlab","display_name":"MATLAB","score":0.470726877450943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet","display_name":"Wavelet","score":0.4091684818267822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3876717686653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet-transform","display_name":"Wavelet transform","score":0.36753958463668823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3538995385169983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3226662576198578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.2443038523197174}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8469972014427185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150817343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875932","display_name":"Digital watermarking","level":3,"score":0.7799933552742004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7497118711471558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.7493842840194702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46286280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414958","display_name":"Discrete wavelet transform","level":4,"score":0.7481746077537537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.5290452837944031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164112704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7974348","display_name":"Watermark","level":3,"score":0.5116353631019592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780423554","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q766198","display_name":"Haar wavelet","level":5,"score":0.4993460178375244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780365114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169478","display_name":"MATLAB","level":2,"score":0.470726877450943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47432892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831390","display_name":"Wavelet","level":2,"score":0.4091684818267822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3876717686653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196216189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2867","display_name":"Wavelet transform","level":3,"score":0.36753958463668823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3538995385169983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3226662576198578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2443038523197174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2019/1294267","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1294267","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/scn/2019/1294267.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120683614","display_name":"Security and Communication Networks","issn_l":"1939-0114","issn":["1939-0114","1939-0122"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Security and Communication Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2eb9c147b6934c16a443f4f3650b4c61","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2eb9c147b6934c16a443f4f3650b4c61","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Security and Communication Networks, Vol 2019 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2019/1294267","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1294267","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/scn/2019/1294267.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120683614","display_name":"Security and Communication Networks","issn_l":"1939-0114","issn":["1939-0114","1939-0122"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Security and Communication Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2908091011.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2908091011.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2006307745","https://openalex.org/W2033336908","https://openalex.org/W2037960938","https://openalex.org/W2091448899","https://openalex.org/W2105673483","https://openalex.org/W2107650419","https://openalex.org/W2110023962","https://openalex.org/W2116467012","https://openalex.org/W2133851880","https://openalex.org/W2558663311","https://openalex.org/W2928452115"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2137394636","https://openalex.org/W2358993821","https://openalex.org/W1516446231","https://openalex.org/W2098152888","https://openalex.org/W1559740347","https://openalex.org/W2040356834","https://openalex.org/W2080353903","https://openalex.org/W2385289568","https://openalex.org/W2377605153","https://openalex.org/W2366623948"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper":[2],"we":[3],"propose":[4],"a":[5,37,41,70,88,150],"novel":[6],"and":[7,60,75,139],"efficient":[8],"hardware":[9,105,125,146],"implementation":[10],"of":[11,34,47,94,120,131,137,155],"an":[12],"image":[13,28],"watermarking":[14,29,96],"system":[15,111,147],"based":[16,86],"on":[17,87],"the":[18,51,95,109,118,121,129,132,156],"Haar":[19,48],"Discrete":[20],"Wavelet":[21],"Transform":[22],"(DWT).":[23],"DWT":[24,49],"is":[25,50,85,98],"used":[26],"in":[27,135,153],"to":[30,100,116],"hide":[31],"secret":[32],"pieces":[33],"information":[35],"into":[36,54],"digital":[38],"content":[39],"with":[40],"good":[42],"robustness.":[43],"The":[44,124,144],"main":[45],"advantage":[46],"frequencies":[52],"separation":[53],"four":[55],"subbands":[56],"(LL,":[57],"LH,":[58],"HL,":[59],"HH)":[61],"which":[62],"can":[63],"be":[64],"treated":[65],"independently.":[66],"This":[67],"permits":[68],"ensuring":[69],"better":[71],"compromise":[72],"between":[73],"robustness":[74,140],"visibility":[76,138],"factors.":[77],"A":[78,104],"Field":[79],"Programmable":[80],"Gate":[81],"Array":[82],"(FPGA)":[83],"that":[84],"very":[89],"large":[90],"scale":[91],"integration":[92],"architecture":[93,134],"algorithm":[97],"developed":[99,133],"accelerate":[101],"media":[102],"authentication.":[103],"cosimulation":[106,126],"strategy":[107],"using":[108],"Matlab-Xilinx":[110],"generator":[112],"(XSG)":[113],"was":[114],"applied":[115],"prove":[117],"validity":[119],"suggested":[122],"implementation.":[123],"results":[127],"show":[128],"effectiveness":[130],"terms":[136,154],"against":[141],"several":[142],"attacks.":[143],"proposed":[145],"presents":[148],"also":[149],"high":[151],"performance":[152],"operating":[157],"speed.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-08-15T07:11:24.734988","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
