{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2922962423","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1209850","title":"CAMeL: A Self-Adaptive Framework for Enriching Context-Aware Middlewares with Machine Learning Capabilities","display_name":"CAMeL: A Self-Adaptive Framework for Enriching Context-Aware Middlewares with Machine Learning Capabilities","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2922962423","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1209850","mag":"2922962423"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2019/1209850","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1209850","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/misy/2019/1209850.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S152111507","display_name":"Mobile Information Systems","issn_l":"1574-017X","issn":["1574-017X","1875-905X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mobile Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/misy/2019/1209850.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044360074","display_name":"Nicola Bicocchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4182-1887"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122346577","display_name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","ror":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161797","display_name":"Ferrari (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/05p859a12","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161797"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nicola Bicocchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering Enzo Ferrari, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Vivarelli 10, 41125 Modena, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Enzo Ferrari, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Vivarelli 10, 41125 Modena, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122346577","https://openalex.org/I4210161797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110604403","display_name":"Damiano Fontana","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122346577","display_name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","ror":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Damiano Fontana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Scienze e Metodi dell\u2019Ingegneria, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Viale Amendola 2, Reggio Emilia, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Scienze e Metodi dell\u2019Ingegneria, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Viale Amendola 2, Reggio Emilia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064709762","display_name":"Franco Zambonelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6837-8806"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122346577","display_name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","ror":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Franco Zambonelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Scienze e Metodi dell\u2019Ingegneria, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Viale Amendola 2, Reggio Emilia, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Scienze e Metodi dell\u2019Ingegneria, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Viale Amendola 2, Reggio Emilia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044360074"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122346577","https://openalex.org/I4210161797"],"apc_list":{"value":2100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2100},"apc_paid":{"value":2100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2100},"fwci":0.5109,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68286591,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2019","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":0.9879999756813049,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8951852917671204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6825303435325623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/middleware","display_name":"Middleware (distributed applications)","score":0.4435429871082306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4102552533149719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.40554141998291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3645939528942108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.34510549902915955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.34169596433639526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.2238297164440155}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8951852917671204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6825303435325623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169468491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146923","display_name":"Middleware (distributed applications)","level":2,"score":0.4435429871082306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4102552533149719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.40554141998291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3645939528942108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.34510549902915955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.34169596433639526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.2238297164440155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2019/1209850","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1209850","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/misy/2019/1209850.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S152111507","display_name":"Mobile Information Systems","issn_l":"1574-017X","issn":["1574-017X","1875-905X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mobile Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f91f6cbffdc34bfc894956a91282e01b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f91f6cbffdc34bfc894956a91282e01b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Mobile Information Systems, Vol 2019 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:hindawi.com:10.1155/2019/1209850","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1209850","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400340","display_name":"Hindawi Journal of Chemistry (Hindawi)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210126990","host_organization_name":"Hindawi (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Research Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unimore.it:11380/1175955","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11380/1175955","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400718","display_name":"IRIS UNIMORE (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I122346577","host_organization_name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2019/1209850","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1209850","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/misy/2019/1209850.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S152111507","display_name":"Mobile Information Systems","issn_l":"1574-017X","issn":["1574-017X","1875-905X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mobile Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2922962423.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2922962423.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1789216702","https://openalex.org/W1963372688","https://openalex.org/W1967661515","https://openalex.org/W2000209559","https://openalex.org/W2005636467","https://openalex.org/W2045752525","https://openalex.org/W2060663350","https://openalex.org/W2068849277","https://openalex.org/W2075613871","https://openalex.org/W2085374652","https://openalex.org/W2086240082","https://openalex.org/W2094204865","https://openalex.org/W2098166026","https://openalex.org/W2103588263","https://openalex.org/W2121474036","https://openalex.org/W2128908742","https://openalex.org/W2133990480","https://openalex.org/W2135937807","https://openalex.org/W2144193487","https://openalex.org/W2156371338","https://openalex.org/W2411333992","https://openalex.org/W2473808492","https://openalex.org/W2603114467"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2152253641","https://openalex.org/W4246585869","https://openalex.org/W2118085316","https://openalex.org/W1607470173","https://openalex.org/W296067813","https://openalex.org/W1520458496","https://openalex.org/W1680720215","https://openalex.org/W2031558046","https://openalex.org/W2092189923","https://openalex.org/W2169667823"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Context-aware":[0],"middlewares":[1,8,57,98],"support":[2,9],"applications":[3,102,149],"with":[4,58,129],"context":[5,37,162],"management.":[6],"Current":[7],"both":[10],"hardware":[11],"and":[12,23,105,107,119,131,143,156],"software":[13],"sensors":[14,71,118],"providing":[15,72],"data":[16,42,75],"in":[17,29,165],"structured":[18,41,74],"forms":[19],"(e.g.,":[20],"temperature,":[21],"wind,":[22],"smoke":[24],"sensors).":[25],"Nevertheless,":[26],"recent":[27],"advances":[28],"machine":[30,59,120,153],"learning":[31,60,121,154],"paved":[32],"the":[33,77,93,108,135,145,160],"way":[34],"for":[35,79,115],"acquiring":[36,67],"from":[38,70],"information-rich,":[39],"loosely":[40,73],"such":[43],"as":[44],"audio":[45],"or":[46,86],"video":[47],"signals.":[48],"This":[49],"paper":[50],"describes":[51],"a":[52,124],"framework":[53,63,110,137],"(CAMeL)":[54],"enriching":[55],"context-aware":[56,97,148],"capabilities.":[61],"The":[62],"is":[64,99],"focused":[65],"on":[66,123,172],"contextual":[68,125],"information":[69],"without":[76],"need":[78],"developers":[80],"of":[81,89,96,147],"implementing":[82],"dedicated":[83],"application":[84],"code":[85,141],"making":[87],"use":[88],"external":[90],"libraries.":[91],"Nevertheless":[92],"general":[94],"goal":[95],"to":[100],"make":[101],"more":[103],"dynamic":[104],"adaptive,":[106],"proposed":[109],"itself":[111],"can":[112,138],"be":[113],"programmed":[114],"dynamically":[116],"selecting":[117],"algorithms":[122],"basis.":[126],"We":[127],"show":[128],"experiments":[130],"case":[132],"studies":[133],"how":[134],"CAMeL":[136],"(i)":[139],"promote":[140],"reuse":[142],"reduce":[144],"complexity":[146],"by":[150],"natively":[151],"supporting":[152],"capabilities":[155],"(ii)":[157],"self-adapt":[158],"using":[159],"acquired":[161],"allowing":[163],"improvements":[164],"classification":[166],"accuracy":[167],"while":[168],"reducing":[169],"energy":[170],"consumption":[171],"mobile":[173],"platforms.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
