{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2794668817","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9516342","title":"Two\u2010Layer Hierarchy Optimization Model for Communication Protocol in Railway Wireless Monitoring Networks","display_name":"Two\u2010Layer Hierarchy Optimization Model for Communication Protocol in Railway Wireless Monitoring Networks","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2794668817","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9516342","mag":"2794668817"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2018/9516342","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9516342","pdf_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/wcmc/2018/9516342.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S235346","display_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1530-8669","issn":["1530-8669","1530-8677"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/wcmc/2018/9516342.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008788676","display_name":"Xiaoping Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4266-0854"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoping Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100389344","display_name":"Honghui Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6483-1426"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Honghui Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087967667","display_name":"Junqing Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3343-8132"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112812","display_name":"National Supercomputing Center in Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/02291hh73","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112812"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120706","display_name":"Urban Planning & Design Institute of Shenzhen (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/01yp7yc97","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120706"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junqing Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Urban Transportation Planning Center, Shenzhen 518021, China","Shenzhen Urban Transportation Planning Center, Shenzhen 518021"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Urban Transportation Planning Center, Shenzhen 518021, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112812"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Urban Transportation Planning Center, Shenzhen 518021","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120706"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108050300","display_name":"Limin Jia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1561-0405"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Limin Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1561-0405","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088716214","display_name":"Yong Qin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6519-8316"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6519-8316","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074289730","display_name":"Ruijun Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3634-4695"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruijun Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108050300"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"],"apc_list":{"value":2550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2550},"apc_paid":{"value":2550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2550},"fwci":0.8573,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77811941,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"2018","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12203","display_name":"Mobile Agent-Based Network Management","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9812999963760376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.897605299949646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.7248404026031494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchy","display_name":"Hierarchy","score":0.6280574798583984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/application-layer","display_name":"Application layer","score":0.5615552663803101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5490553379058838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.5297718048095703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.5075842142105103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.4321593642234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.35964345932006836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2688900828361511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.0652676522731781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.058761268854141235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.897605299949646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.7248404026031494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.6280574798583984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190793597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189768","display_name":"Application layer","level":3,"score":0.5615552663803101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5490553379058838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.5297718048095703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.5075842142105103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.4321593642234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.35964345932006836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2688900828361511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0652676522731781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.058761268854141235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2018/9516342","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9516342","pdf_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/wcmc/2018/9516342.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S235346","display_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1530-8669","issn":["1530-8669","1530-8677"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:192cae84099148a0a729f4880a819f02","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/192cae84099148a0a729f4880a819f02","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, Vol 2018 (2018)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2018/9516342","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9516342","pdf_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/wcmc/2018/9516342.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S235346","display_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1530-8669","issn":["1530-8669","1530-8677"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G583387155","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51207007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7221012831","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1534208","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2794668817.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2794668817.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1847343635","https://openalex.org/W2000618191","https://openalex.org/W2000644019","https://openalex.org/W2003696209","https://openalex.org/W2019901310","https://openalex.org/W2021587421","https://openalex.org/W2024813385","https://openalex.org/W2026768864","https://openalex.org/W2030178157","https://openalex.org/W2059273068","https://openalex.org/W2063974050","https://openalex.org/W2081836443","https://openalex.org/W2082206496","https://openalex.org/W2090849497","https://openalex.org/W2096741434","https://openalex.org/W2099811111","https://openalex.org/W2104846640","https://openalex.org/W2106335692","https://openalex.org/W2111180188","https://openalex.org/W2119307279","https://openalex.org/W2124415567","https://openalex.org/W2124743724","https://openalex.org/W2126745170","https://openalex.org/W2132113907","https://openalex.org/W2145099675","https://openalex.org/W2155492251","https://openalex.org/W2160053334","https://openalex.org/W2513979995","https://openalex.org/W2515350430","https://openalex.org/W2590563061","https://openalex.org/W2766096465","https://openalex.org/W2786446607"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2365264209","https://openalex.org/W962203960","https://openalex.org/W2026999166","https://openalex.org/W1996802783","https://openalex.org/W2509431957","https://openalex.org/W4211007821","https://openalex.org/W2802395037","https://openalex.org/W4389565704","https://openalex.org/W1976216854","https://openalex.org/W3207031006"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,208,236],"wireless":[1,61,249],"monitoring":[2,62,250],"system":[3,26,63,161,215,255],"is":[4,28,100,132,163,203],"always":[5],"destroyed":[6],"by":[7,102],"the":[8,12,20,25,32,37,54,59,73,83,90,93,96,104,108,112,117,122,126,129,136,141,146,149,154,160,166,173,176,189,193,197,200,206,211,220,227,233,245,248,253,261],"insufficient":[9],"energy":[10,84,98,130,170,190],"of":[11,34,89,114,199,210,247,260],"sensors":[13],"in":[14,51,58,86,107,121,140,153,205,214,232,240,252],"railway.":[15,262],"Hence,":[16],"how":[17],"to":[18,30,79,187,226],"optimize":[19,188],"communication":[21,56],"protocol":[22,70,110,229,238],"and":[23,75,81,111,116,143,148,168,181,219,256],"extend":[24],"lifetime":[27,162],"crucial":[29],"ensure":[31],"stability":[33],"system.":[35],"However,":[36],"existing":[38],"studies":[39],"focused":[40],"primarily":[41],"on":[42],"cluster\u2010based":[43,74,109],"or":[44],"multihop":[45,76,123],"protocols":[46,77],"individually,":[47],"which":[48,71],"are":[49,185,223],"ineffective":[50],"coping":[52],"with":[53,165],"complex":[55],"scenarios":[57],"railway":[60,254],"(RWMS).":[64],"This":[65],"study":[66,242],"proposes":[67],"a":[68],"hybrid":[69,177],"combines":[72],"(CMCP)":[78],"minimize":[80],"balance":[82,169],"consumption":[85,99,131,171,191],"different":[87],"sections":[88],"RWMS.":[91],"In":[92,125],"first":[94],"hierarchy,":[95,128],"total":[97],"minimized":[101],"optimizing":[103,145],"cluster":[105,137],"quantities":[106],"number":[113],"hops":[115,147],"corresponding":[118,150,221],"hop":[119,151],"distances":[120,152],"protocol.":[124],"second":[127],"balanced":[133],"through":[134],"rotating":[135],"head":[138],"(CH)":[139],"subnetworks":[142],"further":[144],"backbone":[155],"network.":[156],"On":[157],"this":[158,241],"basis,":[159],"maximized":[164],"minimum":[167],"among":[172],"sensors.":[174],"Furthermore,":[175],"particle":[178],"swarm":[179],"optimization":[180],"genetic":[182],"algorithm":[183],"(PSO\u2010GA)":[184],"adopted":[186],"from":[192],"two\u2010layer":[194],"hierarchy.":[195],"Finally,":[196],"effectiveness":[198],"proposed":[201,212,239],"CMCP":[202,213],"verified":[204],"simulation.":[207],"performances":[209],"lifetime,":[216],"residual":[217],"energy,":[218],"variance":[222],"all":[224],"superior":[225],"LEACH":[228],"widely":[230],"applied":[231],"previous":[234],"research.":[235],"effective":[237],"can":[243],"facilitate":[244],"application":[246],"network":[251],"enhance":[257],"safety":[258],"operation":[259]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}