{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2804129032","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9185760","title":"Practical Consideration Factors to Design Array Configuration of Direction Finding System for Airborne Signal Intelligence","display_name":"Practical Consideration Factors to Design Array Configuration of Direction Finding System for Airborne Signal Intelligence","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2804129032","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9185760","mag":"2804129032"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2018/9185760","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9185760","pdf_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/scn/2018/9185760.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120683614","display_name":"Security and Communication Networks","issn_l":"1939-0114","issn":["1939-0114","1939-0122"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Security and Communication Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/scn/2018/9185760.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033376623","display_name":"Jong\u2010Hwan Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8902-6009"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801036362","display_name":"Agency for Defense Development","ror":"https://ror.org/05fhe0r85","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327899338","https://openalex.org/I1344042128","https://openalex.org/I2801036362","https://openalex.org/I2801339556"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jong-Hwan Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agency for Defense Development, Electronic Warfare PEO, Daejeon, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agency for Defense Development, Electronic Warfare PEO, Daejeon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801036362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101776584","display_name":"Jeungmin Joo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7152-9660"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801036362","display_name":"Agency for Defense Development","ror":"https://ror.org/05fhe0r85","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327899338","https://openalex.org/I1344042128","https://openalex.org/I2801036362","https://openalex.org/I2801339556"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeung-Min Joo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agency for Defense Development, Electronic Warfare PEO, Daejeon, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agency for Defense Development, Electronic Warfare PEO, Daejeon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801036362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032641845","display_name":"Kichul Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1652-5576"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801036362","display_name":"Agency for Defense Development","ror":"https://ror.org/05fhe0r85","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327899338","https://openalex.org/I1344042128","https://openalex.org/I2801036362","https://openalex.org/I2801339556"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kichul Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agency for Defense Development, Electronic Warfare PEO, Daejeon, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agency for Defense Development, Electronic Warfare PEO, Daejeon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801036362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100766456","display_name":"Jung-Hoon Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9006-1947"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801036362","display_name":"Agency for Defense Development","ror":"https://ror.org/05fhe0r85","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327899338","https://openalex.org/I1344042128","https://openalex.org/I2801036362","https://openalex.org/I2801339556"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jung-Hoon Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agency for Defense Development, Electronic Warfare PEO, Daejeon, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9006-1947","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agency for Defense Development, Electronic Warfare PEO, Daejeon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801036362"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061164187","display_name":"Youngju Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7671-6142"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801036362","display_name":"Agency for Defense Development","ror":"https://ror.org/05fhe0r85","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327899338","https://openalex.org/I1344042128","https://openalex.org/I2801036362","https://openalex.org/I2801339556"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Young-Ju Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agency for Defense Development, Electronic Warfare PEO, Daejeon, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agency for Defense Development, Electronic Warfare PEO, Daejeon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801036362"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100766456"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801036362"],"apc_list":{"value":2100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2100},"apc_paid":{"value":2100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2100},"fwci":0.6648,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68556331,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2018","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11698","display_name":"Underwater Acoustics Research","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7980327606201172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.633567214012146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.6187885403633118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/installation","display_name":"Installation","score":0.6102214455604553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-array","display_name":"Antenna array","score":0.591239333152771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direction-finding","display_name":"Direction finding","score":0.5097619891166687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.4199264645576477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.41295385360717773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.37028321623802185}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7980327606201172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.633567214012146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.6187885403633118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146778888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836862","display_name":"Installation","level":2,"score":0.6102214455604553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.591239333152771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780382809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1367488","display_name":"Direction finding","level":3,"score":0.5097619891166687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.4199264645576477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.41295385360717773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.37028321623802185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2018/9185760","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9185760","pdf_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/scn/2018/9185760.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120683614","display_name":"Security and Communication Networks","issn_l":"1939-0114","issn":["1939-0114","1939-0122"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Security and Communication Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1f30e7bb2fe7445e82c6e979704901d0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1f30e7bb2fe7445e82c6e979704901d0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Security and Communication Networks, Vol 2018 (2018)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2018/9185760","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9185760","pdf_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/scn/2018/9185760.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120683614","display_name":"Security and Communication Networks","issn_l":"1939-0114","issn":["1939-0114","1939-0122"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Security and Communication Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2804129032.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2804129032.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W190014939","https://openalex.org/W2007977814","https://openalex.org/W2057669171","https://openalex.org/W2058442002","https://openalex.org/W2058465691","https://openalex.org/W2088370209","https://openalex.org/W2113638573","https://openalex.org/W2151474371","https://openalex.org/W2166978214"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976923036","https://openalex.org/W2149506269","https://openalex.org/W3152144808","https://openalex.org/W1976034186","https://openalex.org/W2400319883","https://openalex.org/W3110694720","https://openalex.org/W1859553846","https://openalex.org/W2036271115","https://openalex.org/W2371634569","https://openalex.org/W4376608380"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Airborne":[0],"signal":[1,11],"intelligence":[2,93],"(SIGINT)":[3],"systems":[4],"must":[5],"be":[6,30],"capable":[7],"of":[8,37,56,85],"locating":[9],"radio":[10],"sources.":[12],"Direction":[13],"finding":[14],"(DF)":[15],"to":[16,29,101],"support":[17],"this":[18],"capability":[19],"is":[20],"an":[21],"important":[22],"factor.":[23],"There":[24],"are":[25],"some":[26],"practical":[27,49,83],"considerations":[28],"taken":[31],"when":[32,51,73],"designing":[33,52],"the":[34,48,53,57,75,103],"array":[35,54,87],"configuration":[36,55,88],"a":[38,82,98],"DF":[39,58,76],"system":[40,59,77],"for":[41,60,78,90,107],"airborne":[42,61,79,91,108],"SIGINT":[43,80],"systems.":[44],"This":[45],"paper":[46],"summarizes":[47],"factors":[50,72],"SIGINT.":[62,109],"In":[63],"particular,":[64],"it":[65],"focuses":[66],"on":[67],"four":[68],"areas:":[69],"antenna":[70,105],"consideration":[71],"installing":[74],"from":[81],"point":[84],"view,":[86],"methods":[89],"communications":[92],"and":[94,97],"electronic":[95],"intelligence,":[96],"numerical":[99],"analysis":[100],"select":[102],"optimum":[104],"position":[106]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}