{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2805809894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/8243905","title":"A Robust Passive Intrusion Detection System with Commodity WiFi Devices","display_name":"A Robust Passive Intrusion Detection System with Commodity WiFi Devices","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2805809894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/8243905","mag":"2805809894"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2018/8243905","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/8243905","pdf_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/js/2018/8243905.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96783963","display_name":"Journal of Sensors","issn_l":"1687-725X","issn":["1687-725X","1687-7268"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/js/2018/8243905.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049071749","display_name":"Enjie Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1273-076X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enjie Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["IoT Perception Mine Research Center, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IoT Perception Mine Research Center, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028756972","display_name":"Xiansheng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4365-3998"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiansheng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["IoT Perception Mine Research Center, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China","School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IoT Perception Mine Research Center, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011650795","display_name":"Tong Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6224-3778"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tong Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["IoT Perception Mine Research Center, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China","School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IoT Perception Mine Research Center, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101917729","display_name":"Lei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0945-6189"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["IoT Perception Mine Research Center, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China","School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IoT Perception Mine Research Center, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101502141","display_name":"Yanjun Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6319-176X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanjun Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101917729"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"],"apc_list":{"value":2100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2100},"apc_paid":{"value":2100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2100},"fwci":2.2176,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8848521,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2018","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11158","display_name":"Wireless Networks and Protocols","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rss","display_name":"RSS","score":0.7625030279159546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/granularity","display_name":"Granularity","score":0.7511889338493347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.730947732925415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.551202654838562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion-detection","display_name":"Motion detection","score":0.5323657989501953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrusion","display_name":"Intrusion","score":0.5104800462722778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.49701860547065735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4757373332977295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-strength","display_name":"Signal strength","score":0.4601839482784271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.4311245381832123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.4184172451496124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion","display_name":"Motion (physics)","score":0.3840515613555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.3591935634613037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.28379011154174805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.22117140889167786}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2385561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45432","display_name":"RSS","level":2,"score":0.7625030279159546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177774035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1246948","display_name":"Granularity","level":2,"score":0.7511889338493347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.730947732925415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.551202654838562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780624872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852453","display_name":"Motion detection","level":3,"score":0.5323657989501953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158251709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q354025","display_name":"Intrusion","level":2,"score":0.5104800462722778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.49701860547065735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4757373332977295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176808163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105794","display_name":"Signal strength","level":3,"score":0.4601839482784271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.4311245381832123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.4184172451496124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3840515613555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.3591935634613037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.28379011154174805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.22117140889167786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17409809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161764","display_name":"Geochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2018/8243905","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/8243905","pdf_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/js/2018/8243905.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96783963","display_name":"Journal of Sensors","issn_l":"1687-725X","issn":["1687-725X","1687-7268"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b263af7261ec466d8a084aacce096f41","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b263af7261ec466d8a084aacce096f41","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensors, Vol 2018 (2018)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2018/8243905","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/8243905","pdf_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/js/2018/8243905.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96783963","display_name":"Journal of Sensors","issn_l":"1687-725X","issn":["1687-725X","1687-7268"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4296171097","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFC0804401","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G466649759","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017Y","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5053610798","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFC","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7930347972","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFC080440","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8340078520","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YF","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2805809894.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2805809894.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1894623711","https://openalex.org/W2073828842","https://openalex.org/W2122687876","https://openalex.org/W2130444042","https://openalex.org/W2147124620","https://openalex.org/W2151034334","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2155485201","https://openalex.org/W2338892592","https://openalex.org/W2591820339","https://openalex.org/W2594230123","https://openalex.org/W2737789713","https://openalex.org/W2740183316"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2162859609","https://openalex.org/W4200318234","https://openalex.org/W2022445516","https://openalex.org/W150547863","https://openalex.org/W1891938465","https://openalex.org/W1550605711","https://openalex.org/W2982532306","https://openalex.org/W1639914594","https://openalex.org/W4237766728","https://openalex.org/W2089197460"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,64],"recent":[1,25],"years,":[2],"due":[3],"to":[4,66],"the":[5,41,67,115,119],"rapidly":[6],"growing":[7],"capacities":[8],"of":[9,22,111,128],"physical":[10],"layer,":[11],"device-free":[12,45,80],"passive":[13],"detection":[14,47,82,130],"holds":[15],"great":[16],"importance":[17],"for":[18,79],"a":[19,76],"broad":[20],"range":[21],"application.":[23],"Most":[24],"works":[26],"focus":[27],"on":[28,96],"motion":[29,46,81,129],"detection,":[30,32],"intrusion":[31],"and":[33,60,100],"vital":[34],"sign":[35],"with":[36],"commodity":[37],"WiFi":[38,98],"devices":[39,99],"in":[40,107,131],"indoor":[42,113],"environment.":[43],"Conventional":[44],"techniques,":[48],"which":[49],"utilize":[50],"received":[51],"signal":[52],"strength":[53],"(RSS),":[54],"may":[55],"suffer":[56],"from":[57],"coarse":[58],"granularity":[59],"high":[61],"variability":[62],"problems.":[63],"resorting":[65],"finer-grained":[68],"channel":[69],"state":[70],"information":[71],"(CSI),":[72],"we":[73],"propose":[74],"PhaseMode,":[75],"novel":[77],"approach":[78,95],"leveraging":[83],"CSI":[84],"phase":[85],"difference":[86],"data":[87],"between":[88],"adjacent":[89],"antenna":[90],"pairs.":[91],"We":[92,104],"implement":[93],"our":[94],"commercial":[97],"validate":[101],"its":[102],"performance.":[103],"conduct":[105],"experiments":[106],"different":[108,132],"test":[109],"periods":[110],"three":[112],"environments;":[114],"results":[116],"show":[117],"that":[118],"proposed":[120],"scheme":[121],"achieves":[122],"an":[123],"average":[124],"accuracy":[125],"over":[126],"99.4%":[127],"scenarios.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
