{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2894543135","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/2632157","title":"Evaluating the User Physical Stresses Associated with Watching 3D and 2D Displays over Extended Time Using Heart Rate Variability, Galvanic Skin Resistance, and Performance Measure","display_name":"Evaluating the User Physical Stresses Associated with Watching 3D and 2D Displays over Extended Time Using Heart Rate Variability, Galvanic Skin Resistance, and Performance Measure","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-09-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2894543135","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/2632157","mag":"2894543135"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2018/2632157","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/2632157","pdf_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/js/2018/2632157.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96783963","display_name":"Journal of Sensors","issn_l":"1687-725X","issn":["1687-725X","1687-7268"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/js/2018/2632157.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017810764","display_name":"Mohamed Z. Ramadan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2135-197X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Z. Ramadan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Industrial Engineering Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial Engineering Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003788214","display_name":"Mohammed H. Alhaag","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0128-1372"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed H. Alhaag","raw_affiliation_strings":["Industrial Engineering Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial Engineering Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003788214"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"],"apc_list":{"value":2100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2100},"apc_paid":{"value":2100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2100},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.15270263,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2018","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11408","display_name":"Advanced Optical Imaging Technologies","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11408","display_name":"Advanced Optical Imaging Technologies","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skin-conductance","display_name":"Skin conductance","score":0.5794069170951843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.415256142616272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3563416600227356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.32873082160949707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.17938828468322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.10912582278251648}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111902132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1326834","display_name":"Skin conductance","level":2,"score":0.5794069170951843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.415256142616272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3563416600227356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.32873082160949707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.17938828468322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.10912582278251648}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2018/2632157","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/2632157","pdf_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/js/2018/2632157.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96783963","display_name":"Journal of Sensors","issn_l":"1687-725X","issn":["1687-725X","1687-7268"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ae792cdce0674127b5c39c61fd5bc844","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ae792cdce0674127b5c39c61fd5bc844","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensors, Vol 2018 (2018)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2018/2632157","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/2632157","pdf_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/js/2018/2632157.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96783963","display_name":"Journal of Sensors","issn_l":"1687-725X","issn":["1687-725X","1687-7268"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.800000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321145","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322804","display_name":"Deanship of Scientific Research, King Faisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn43547"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335726","display_name":"Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2894543135.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2894543135.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W206779058","https://openalex.org/W1486164438","https://openalex.org/W1819158976","https://openalex.org/W1969255150","https://openalex.org/W1991152156","https://openalex.org/W1991692037","https://openalex.org/W1994877858","https://openalex.org/W1997247158","https://openalex.org/W1998681598","https://openalex.org/W1999933617","https://openalex.org/W2003100569","https://openalex.org/W2004056298","https://openalex.org/W2004967089","https://openalex.org/W2017598974","https://openalex.org/W2019588015","https://openalex.org/W2024828393","https://openalex.org/W2025623339","https://openalex.org/W2030675362","https://openalex.org/W2036523131","https://openalex.org/W2039175966","https://openalex.org/W2055506901","https://openalex.org/W2059640905","https://openalex.org/W2061846149","https://openalex.org/W2074297255","https://openalex.org/W2083230409","https://openalex.org/W2091316826","https://openalex.org/W2092901623","https://openalex.org/W2097925983","https://openalex.org/W2105051969","https://openalex.org/W2113555622","https://openalex.org/W2124894760","https://openalex.org/W2127418128","https://openalex.org/W2141445340","https://openalex.org/W2158659019","https://openalex.org/W2173650652","https://openalex.org/W2241255165","https://openalex.org/W2314262755","https://openalex.org/W2328988195","https://openalex.org/W2345645520","https://openalex.org/W2473357188","https://openalex.org/W2644346168","https://openalex.org/W2725603367","https://openalex.org/W2767939910","https://openalex.org/W2953127026","https://openalex.org/W4238861725"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W1979597421","https://openalex.org/W4327518326","https://openalex.org/W2007980826","https://openalex.org/W2061531152","https://openalex.org/W3002753104","https://openalex.org/W2077600819","https://openalex.org/W2142036596"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"compares":[2],"the":[3,16,31,34,41,57,109,120,128,144,148,154,164,207],"effects":[4],"of":[5,33,46,56,60,75,108,173],"viewing":[6,17,37,99,127,134,143,151,169,184],"videos":[7],"with":[8,13,68,116,196],"2D":[9,145,165,211],"and":[10,36,54,90,114,194],"3D":[11,129,155,189,208],"displays":[12],"regard":[14],"to":[15,39,142,158,210],"distance":[18,100,135,185],"(3<mml:math":[19],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[20,24,28],"id=\"M1\"><mml:mi>H</mml:mi></mml:math>":[21],"vs.":[22],"6<mml:math":[23],"id=\"M2\"><mml:mi>H</mml:mi></mml:math>,":[25],"where":[26],"<mml:math":[27],"id=\"M3\"><mml:mi>H</mml:mi></mml:math>":[29],"is":[30],"height":[32],"screen)":[35],"time":[38,118],"determine":[40],"physical":[42,139,161,178],"stresses":[43,140,179],"in":[44,81],"terms":[45],"heart":[47,110],"rate":[48,111],"variability,":[49],"galvanic":[50],"skin":[51],"resistance":[52],"(GSR),":[53],"performance":[55,203],"viewer":[58,202],"(percent":[59],"correct":[61],"responses).":[62],"Twenty":[63],"healthy":[64],"male":[65],"university":[66],"students":[67],"a":[69,103,132,188],"mean":[70],"age":[71],"\u00b1":[72,77],"standard":[73],"deviation":[74],"27.7":[76],"2.53":[78],"years":[79],"participated":[80],"this":[82,174],"study":[83,175],"as":[84],"volunteers.":[85],"None":[86],"had":[87,92,102],"color":[88],"blindness,":[89],"all":[91],"normal":[93],"vision":[94],"acuity.":[95],"Display":[96],"type":[97],"by":[98],"interaction":[101],"significant":[104,181],"effect":[105],"on":[106],"most":[107],"variability":[112],"measures":[113],"associated":[115],"watching":[117,187,198],"for":[119,191,206],"GSR":[121],"responses.":[122],"The":[123,171],"results":[124],"concluded":[125],"that":[126,177],"display":[130,146,156,166,190,212],"from":[131,147],"short":[133,150],"produced":[136],"significantly":[137],"high":[138],"compared":[141,209],"same":[149],"distance.":[152],"However,":[153],"seemed":[157],"impart":[159],"lower":[160],"stress":[162],"than":[163],"at":[167,182],"long":[168],"distances.":[170],"findings":[172],"indicate":[176],"appeared":[180],"close":[183],"after":[186],"50":[192],"min":[193],"increased":[195],"continued":[197],"time.":[199],"In":[200],"addition,":[201],"was":[204],"higher":[205],"type.":[213]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T06:14:27.290980","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}