{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2776712276","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/9571262","title":"A Five-Level Wavelet Decomposition and Dimensional Reduction Approach for Feature Extraction and Classification of MR and CT Scan Images","display_name":"A Five-Level Wavelet Decomposition and Dimensional Reduction Approach for Feature Extraction and Classification of MR and CT Scan Images","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2776712276","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/9571262","mag":"2776712276"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2017/9571262","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/9571262","pdf_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/acisc/2017/9571262.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30680879","display_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing","issn_l":"1687-9724","issn":["1687-9724","1687-9732"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/acisc/2017/9571262.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016599338","display_name":"Varun Srivastava","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4695-8575"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I105454292","display_name":"Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University","ror":"https://ror.org/034q1za58","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105454292"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Varun Srivastava","raw_affiliation_strings":["University School of Information and Communication Technology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Dwarka Sector 16C, New Delhi 110078, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University School of Information and Communication Technology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Dwarka Sector 16C, New Delhi 110078, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I105454292"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091439653","display_name":"Ravindra Kumar Purwar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2207-2684"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I105454292","display_name":"Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University","ror":"https://ror.org/034q1za58","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105454292"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ravindra Kumar Purwar","raw_affiliation_strings":["University School of Information and Communication Technology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Dwarka Sector 16C, New Delhi 110078, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University School of Information and Communication Technology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Dwarka Sector 16C, New Delhi 110078, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I105454292"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016599338"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I105454292"],"apc_list":{"value":900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":900},"apc_paid":{"value":900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":900},"fwci":1.0357,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7822694,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2017","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13731","display_name":"Advanced Computing and Algorithms","score":0.9819999933242798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11324","display_name":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","score":0.9779999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7190311551094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.7116391658782959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6692493557929993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-component-analysis","display_name":"Principal component analysis","score":0.5511849522590637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet","display_name":"Wavelet","score":0.5361909866333008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.51804518699646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4656304717063904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-set","display_name":"Data set","score":0.4630935490131378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4527880549430847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.42828500270843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3538561165332794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.2144649624824524}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7190311551094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7116391658782959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6692493557929993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27438332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873","display_name":"Principal component analysis","level":2,"score":0.5511849522590637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47432892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831390","display_name":"Wavelet","level":2,"score":0.5361909866333008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.51804518699646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4656304717063904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.4630935490131378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4527880549430847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.42828500270843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3538561165332794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2144649624824524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2017/9571262","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/9571262","pdf_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/acisc/2017/9571262.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30680879","display_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing","issn_l":"1687-9724","issn":["1687-9724","1687-9732"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ebc78b304ed04361bacb727fdd79e7e7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ebc78b304ed04361bacb727fdd79e7e7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing, Vol 2017 (2017)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2017/9571262","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/9571262","pdf_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/acisc/2017/9571262.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30680879","display_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing","issn_l":"1687-9724","issn":["1687-9724","1687-9732"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2776712276.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2776712276.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1134947479","https://openalex.org/W1820340588","https://openalex.org/W1974314515","https://openalex.org/W2005934359","https://openalex.org/W2017896827","https://openalex.org/W2056899351","https://openalex.org/W2068546130","https://openalex.org/W2075710390","https://openalex.org/W2090221122","https://openalex.org/W2098765040","https://openalex.org/W2119737461","https://openalex.org/W2125027820","https://openalex.org/W2142523881","https://openalex.org/W2155662634","https://openalex.org/W2169279815","https://openalex.org/W2185967267","https://openalex.org/W2239475530","https://openalex.org/W2327851173","https://openalex.org/W2509968574","https://openalex.org/W2525219084","https://openalex.org/W2531806530","https://openalex.org/W2540396699","https://openalex.org/W2541709064","https://openalex.org/W2545908773","https://openalex.org/W2557664022","https://openalex.org/W2590610579","https://openalex.org/W2595489545","https://openalex.org/W2599522320","https://openalex.org/W2730803689"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975632186","https://openalex.org/W3027745756","https://openalex.org/W3205213561","https://openalex.org/W2531880140","https://openalex.org/W2036609560","https://openalex.org/W346861917","https://openalex.org/W3024018414","https://openalex.org/W2126145365","https://openalex.org/W1968475104","https://openalex.org/W2899564673"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,40],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3],"two-dimensional":[4,15],"wavelet":[5,16],"based":[6],"decomposition":[7,17],"algorithm":[8,66,76,89],"for":[9,24,126],"classification":[10],"of":[11,29,54,85,129,133,138],"biomedical":[12],"images.":[13,27,74],"The":[14,51,75,87,123],"is":[18,43,56,77],"done":[19],"up":[20,94,113],"to":[21,35,72,95,114],"five":[22],"levels":[23],"the":[25,37,103],"input":[26],"Histograms":[28],"decomposed":[30],"images":[31,132,137],"are":[32],"then":[33,57],"used":[34,125],"form":[36],"feature":[38,41],"set.":[39],"set":[42,53],"further":[44],"reduced":[45,52],"using":[46,110,121],"probabilistic":[47],"principal":[48],"component":[49],"analysis.":[50],"features":[55],"fed":[58],"into":[59],"either":[60],"<mml:math":[61],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[62],"id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>K</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>":[63],"nearest":[64],"neighbor":[65],"or":[67],"feed-forward":[68],"artificial":[69],"neural":[70],"network,":[71],"classify":[73],"compared":[78],"with":[79],"three":[80],"other":[81],"techniques":[82],"in":[83],"terms":[84],"accuracy.":[86],"proposed":[88],"has":[90],"been":[91],"found":[92],"better":[93],"3.3%,":[96],"12.75%,":[97],"and":[98,106,112,117,135],"13.75%":[99],"on":[100,119],"average":[101,120],"over":[102],"first,":[104],"second,":[105],"third":[107],"algorithm,":[108],"respectively,":[109],"KNN":[111],"6.22%,":[115],"13.9%,":[116],"14.1%":[118],"ANN.":[122],"dataset":[124],"comparison":[127],"consisted":[128],"CT":[130],"Scan":[131],"lungs":[134],"MR":[136],"heart":[139],"as":[140],"obtained":[141],"from":[142],"different":[143],"sources.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
