{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2734115662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/3717654","title":"Application of Multiple-Population Genetic Algorithm in Optimizing the Train-Set Circulation Plan Problem","display_name":"Application of Multiple-Population Genetic Algorithm in Optimizing the Train-Set Circulation Plan Problem","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2734115662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/3717654","mag":"2734115662"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2017/3717654","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/3717654","pdf_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2017/3717654.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2017/3717654.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101729083","display_name":"Yu Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3212-0317"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Transportation Management Engineering, School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3212-0317","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Transportation Management Engineering, School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084597521","display_name":"Leishan Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6087-9323"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Leishan Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Transportation Management Engineering, School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6087-9323","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Transportation Management Engineering, School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101847104","display_name":"Yun Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0341-3487"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Urban Transportation Complex System Theory and Technology, School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Urban Transportation Complex System Theory and Technology, School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103206742","display_name":"Zhuo Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3958-3197"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhuo Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil, Environmental, and Infrastructure Engineering, Volgenau School of Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil, Environmental, and Infrastructure Engineering, Volgenau School of Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071276814","display_name":"Jiawei Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4429-1471"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106165777","display_name":"University of Central Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/036nfer12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiawei Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Advanced Transportation System Simulation, Department of Civil Environment Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Advanced Transportation System Simulation, Department of Civil Environment Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084597521"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"],"apc_list":{"value":2550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2550},"apc_paid":{"value":2550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2550},"fwci":2.3803,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89407248,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2017","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"14"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11568","display_name":"Railway Systems and Energy Efficiency","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11568","display_name":"Railway Systems and Energy Efficiency","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nondeterministic-algorithm","display_name":"Nondeterministic algorithm","score":0.7421872615814209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6417701244354248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.6239404678344727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.5599812269210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-routing-problem","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","score":0.5436238050460815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5279577970504761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/np","display_name":"NP","score":0.5062581896781921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5022261142730713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.43379080295562744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rss","display_name":"RSS","score":0.42555955052375793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.4082350730895996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4040786325931549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15663418173789978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.12842592597007751}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176181172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3490301","display_name":"Nondeterministic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.7421872615814209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6417701244354248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.6239404678344727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5599812269210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123784306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944041","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","level":3,"score":0.5436238050460815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5279577970504761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91331118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628036","display_name":"NP","level":4,"score":0.5062581896781921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5022261142730713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.43379080295562744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2385561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45432","display_name":"RSS","level":2,"score":0.42555955052375793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.4082350730895996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4040786325931549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15663418173789978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.12842592597007751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29248071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163310","display_name":"Turing machine","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2017/3717654","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/3717654","pdf_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2017/3717654.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:stars.library.ucf.edu:scopus2015-5902","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://stars.library.ucf.edu/scopus2015/4903","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172555","display_name":"Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research","issn_l":"2576-0017","issn":["2576-0017","2576-0025"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scopus Export 2015-2019","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:hin:complx:3717654","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/8503/2017/3717654.xml","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fdba3e95c6ba4687b386ee1c46f6cf14","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fdba3e95c6ba4687b386ee1c46f6cf14","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Complexity, Vol 2017 (2017)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2017/3717654","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/3717654","pdf_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/complexity/2017/3717654.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207319443","display_name":"Complexity","issn_l":"1076-2787","issn":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complexity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6018003329","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017JBZ001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8170189581","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016X005-D","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2734115662.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2734115662.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W144582148","https://openalex.org/W294326227","https://openalex.org/W1966866456","https://openalex.org/W1969725974","https://openalex.org/W1974474863","https://openalex.org/W1980220620","https://openalex.org/W1982527155","https://openalex.org/W1982681956","https://openalex.org/W2008522454","https://openalex.org/W2011266061","https://openalex.org/W2023008422","https://openalex.org/W2032868494","https://openalex.org/W2052019601","https://openalex.org/W2059559546","https://openalex.org/W2065593596","https://openalex.org/W2084506711","https://openalex.org/W2110645419","https://openalex.org/W2120741357","https://openalex.org/W2121514861","https://openalex.org/W2123754236","https://openalex.org/W2126402113","https://openalex.org/W2128946800","https://openalex.org/W2150889816","https://openalex.org/W2153258770","https://openalex.org/W2156457333","https://openalex.org/W2159883744","https://openalex.org/W2165351457","https://openalex.org/W2169046972","https://openalex.org/W2170967622","https://openalex.org/W2216822185","https://openalex.org/W2409602912","https://openalex.org/W2624536112"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1523547988","https://openalex.org/W1531056015","https://openalex.org/W2024358852","https://openalex.org/W2144557478","https://openalex.org/W1563292958","https://openalex.org/W1505947458","https://openalex.org/W236032","https://openalex.org/W1483438220","https://openalex.org/W2146554934","https://openalex.org/W1553952730"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,61],"train-set":[1,102],"circulation":[2,103],"plan":[3],"problem":[4,13,21,30],"(TCPP)":[5],"belongs":[6],"to":[7,17,42,106,126,138],"the":[8,18,27,33,43,76,85,89,93,96,108,117],"rolling":[9],"stock":[10],"scheduling":[11],"(RSS)":[12],"and":[14,26,59,80,88,112,115,142,161],"is":[15,63,69,136,151,159],"similar":[16],"aircraft":[19],"routing":[20,29],"(ARP)":[22],"in":[23,32],"airline":[24],"operations":[25],"vehicle":[28],"(VRP)":[31],"logistics":[34],"field.":[35],"However,":[36],"TCPP":[37,62],"involves":[38],"additional":[39],"complexity":[40],"due":[41],"maintenance":[44,51,90,113,157],"constraint":[45],"of":[46,95,119,148],"train-sets:":[47],"train-sets":[48],"must":[49],"conduct":[50],"tasks":[52],"after":[53],"running":[54],"for":[55],"a":[56,101,146,155],"certain":[57],"time":[58,111],"distance.":[60],"nondeterministic":[64],"polynomial":[65],"hard":[66],"(NP-hard).":[67],"There":[68],"no":[70],"available":[71],"algorithm":[72,124],"that":[73],"can":[74],"obtain":[75],"optimal":[77],"global":[78],"solution,":[79],"many":[81],"factors":[82],"such":[83],"as":[84],"utilization":[86],"mode":[87,91,158],"impact":[92],"solution":[94],"TCPP.":[97],"This":[98],"paper":[99],"proposes":[100],"optimization":[104],"model":[105,141],"minimize":[107],"total":[109],"connection":[110],"costs":[114],"describes":[116],"design":[118],"an":[120],"efficient":[121],"multiple-population":[122],"genetic":[123],"(MPGA)":[125],"solve":[127],"this":[128],"model.":[129],"A":[130],"realistic":[131],"high-speed":[132],"railway":[133],"(HSR)":[134],"case":[135],"selected":[137],"verify":[139],"our":[140],"algorithm,":[143],"and,":[144],"then,":[145],"comparison":[147],"different":[149],"algorithms":[150],"carried":[152],"out.":[153],"Furthermore,":[154],"new":[156],"proposed,":[160],"related":[162],"implementation":[163],"requirements":[164],"are":[165],"discussed.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}