{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2527433241","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9568785","title":"Soft Sensor of Vehicle State Estimation Based on the Kernel Principal Component and Improved Neural Network","display_name":"Soft Sensor of Vehicle State Estimation Based on the Kernel Principal Component and Improved Neural Network","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2527433241","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9568785","mag":"2527433241"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2016/9568785","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9568785","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/js/2016/9568785.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96783963","display_name":"Journal of Sensors","issn_l":"1687-725X","issn":["1687-725X","1687-7268"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/js/2016/9568785.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031855025","display_name":"Haorui Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9444-6967"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165547","display_name":"Dezhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mnjs436","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210165547"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haorui Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automotive Engineering, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9444-6967","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automotive Engineering, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165547"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101498711","display_name":"Juan Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5680-2772"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165547","display_name":"Dezhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mnjs436","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210165547"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Economics and Management, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economics and Management, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165547"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100532773","display_name":"Heli Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165547","display_name":"Dezhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mnjs436","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210165547"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heli Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automotive Engineering, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automotive Engineering, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165547"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Fengyan Yi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7508-0656"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099312","display_name":"Shandong Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01848hk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099312"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fengyan Yi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Automotive Engineering College, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan 250023, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7508-0656","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Automotive Engineering College, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan 250023, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099312"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099312"],"apc_list":{"value":2100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2100},"apc_paid":{"value":2100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2100},"fwci":0.5263,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69223511,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2016","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14225","display_name":"Advanced Sensor and Control Systems","score":0.9898999929428101,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13717","display_name":"Advanced Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel-principal-component-analysis","display_name":"Kernel principal component analysis","score":0.7729754447937012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6642736196517944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matlab","display_name":"MATLAB","score":0.6269413232803345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-component-analysis","display_name":"Principal component analysis","score":0.6198221445083618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.5795061588287354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.5343114137649536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5245633125305176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.4985997676849365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soft-sensor","display_name":"Soft sensor","score":0.4905399680137634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.47170495986938477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.46055352687835693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.450858473777771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal","display_name":"Principal (computer security)","score":0.4385022222995758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4138393998146057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.4124016761779785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.4033343493938446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.26597917079925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.2151215374469757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel-method","display_name":"Kernel method","score":0.19940832257270813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1023510992527008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.09139800071716309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.0749170184135437}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182335926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17093020","display_name":"Kernel principal component analysis","level":4,"score":0.7729754447937012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6642736196517944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780365114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169478","display_name":"MATLAB","level":2,"score":0.6269413232803345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27438332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873","display_name":"Principal component analysis","level":2,"score":0.6198221445083618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.5795061588287354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.5343114137649536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5245633125305176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.4985997676849365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115575686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822403","display_name":"Soft sensor","level":3,"score":0.4905399680137634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.47170495986938477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.46055352687835693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.450858473777771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144559511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2986279","display_name":"Principal (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.4385022222995758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4138393998146057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4124016761779785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.4033343493938446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.26597917079925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.2151215374469757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122280245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620622","display_name":"Kernel method","level":3,"score":0.19940832257270813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1023510992527008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.09139800071716309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.0749170184135437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2016/9568785","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9568785","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/js/2016/9568785.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96783963","display_name":"Journal of Sensors","issn_l":"1687-725X","issn":["1687-725X","1687-7268"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6002879b89504ea091421f83d65c70a4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6002879b89504ea091421f83d65c70a4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensors, Vol 2016 (2016)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2016/9568785","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9568785","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/js/2016/9568785.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96783963","display_name":"Journal of Sensors","issn_l":"1687-725X","issn":["1687-725X","1687-7268"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.550000011920929,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2527433241.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2527433241.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1583954310","https://openalex.org/W2018376438","https://openalex.org/W2132570625","https://openalex.org/W2218478932","https://openalex.org/W2335506115","https://openalex.org/W3010536575"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2379488555","https://openalex.org/W2753886092","https://openalex.org/W2152632846","https://openalex.org/W1992961908","https://openalex.org/W2014683590","https://openalex.org/W3138125914","https://openalex.org/W2359742711","https://openalex.org/W4404440911","https://openalex.org/W2139392257","https://openalex.org/W4285789115"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,20,23,26,43,49,76,79,83,90,99,118,122,130,135],"car":[2],"control":[3],"systems,":[4],"it":[5],"is":[6,28,54],"hard":[7],"to":[8,78,111],"measure":[9],"some":[10],"key":[11],"vehicle":[12,37,59,84,119,136],"states":[13,120,137],"directly":[14],"and":[15,22,48,70,106,114,145],"accurately":[16],"when":[17,116],"running":[18],"on":[19,42],"road":[21],"cost":[24],"of":[25,61,64,82,89,134],"measurement":[27],"high":[29],"as":[30],"well.":[31],"To":[32],"address":[33],"these":[34],"problems,":[35],"a":[36],"state":[38],"estimation":[39,138],"method":[40,77,127],"based":[41],"kernel":[44],"principal":[45,103],"component":[46,104],"analysis":[47],"improved":[50,107],"Elman":[51,108],"neural":[52,109],"network":[53],"proposed.":[55],"Combining":[56],"with":[57],"nonlinear":[58,123],"model":[60],"three":[62],"degrees":[63],"freedom":[65],"(3":[66],"DOF),":[67],"longitudinal,":[68],"lateral,":[69],"yaw":[71],"motion,":[72],"this":[73],"paper":[74],"applies":[75],"soft":[80],"sensor":[81],"states.":[85],"The":[86],"simulation":[87],"results":[88],"double":[91],"lane":[92],"change":[93],"tested":[94],"by":[95],"Matlab/SIMULINK":[96],"cosimulation":[97],"prove":[98],"KPCA-IENN":[100],"algorithm":[101,105,126],"(kernel":[102],"network)":[110],"be":[112],"quick":[113],"precise":[115],"tracking":[117,141],"within":[121],"area.":[124],"This":[125],"can":[128],"meet":[129],"software":[131],"performance":[132],"requirements":[133],"in":[139],"precision,":[140],"speed,":[142],"noise":[143],"suppression,":[144],"other":[146],"aspects.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
