{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1829923304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/829589","title":"HRVN: A Highly Reliable Forwarding Model Based on Virtual Nodes in Node-Intensive WSNs","display_name":"HRVN: A Highly Reliable Forwarding Model Based on Virtual Nodes in Node-Intensive WSNs","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1829923304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/829589","mag":"1829923304"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2015/829589","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/829589","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64417657","display_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-1329","issn":["1550-1329","1550-1477"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/829589","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100681338","display_name":"Wenlong Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7993-6386"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96852419","display_name":"Capital Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/005edt527","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wenlong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Capital Normal University, Beijing,, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Capital Normal University, Beijing,, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101676901","display_name":"Zhe Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2061-0645"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96852419","display_name":"Capital Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/005edt527","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhe Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Capital Normal University, Beijing,, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Capital Normal University, Beijing,, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100514540","display_name":"Rong Xiao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rong Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Technology Beijing Normal University,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Technology Beijing Normal University,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100373560","display_name":"Fan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2348-4488"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of computer science, Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of computer science, Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054766103","display_name":"Zhenzhen Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96852419","display_name":"Capital Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/005edt527","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenzhen Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Capital Normal University, Beijing,, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Capital Normal University, Beijing,, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100681338"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.05583457,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"2015","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.84328693151474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.7385904788970947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.6791986227035522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.6505134105682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.609826922416687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/packet-forwarding","display_name":"Packet forwarding","score":0.4724063277244568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.43057963252067566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-distribution-in-wireless-sensor-networks","display_name":"Key distribution in wireless sensor networks","score":0.42090246081352234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.26818060874938965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.20984864234924316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.06642547249794006}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.84328693151474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.7385904788970947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.6791986227035522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.6505134105682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.609826922416687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120317029","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q874048","display_name":"Packet forwarding","level":3,"score":0.4724063277244568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.43057963252067566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41971633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398155","display_name":"Key distribution in wireless sensor networks","level":4,"score":0.42090246081352234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.26818060874938965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.20984864234924316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.06642547249794006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2015/829589","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/829589","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64417657","display_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-1329","issn":["1550-1329","1550-1477"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:sae:intdis:v:11:y:2015:i:10:p:829589","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1155/2015/829589","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c1e273b92f384125af22f162c0d2c6db","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c1e273b92f384125af22f162c0d2c6db","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, Vol 11 (2015)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2015/829589","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/829589","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64417657","display_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-1329","issn":["1550-1329","1550-1477"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8199999928474426}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1691052164","display_name":"\u652f\u6301\u5f02\u6784\u7f51\u7edc\u7b56\u7565\u5bfb\u5f84\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u6620\u5c04\u673a\u5236","funder_award_id":"61272446","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4199465543","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KM201410028015","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G590711471","display_name":"\u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u8f6c\u53d1\u6a21\u578b\u53ca\u5176\u7eff\u8272\u8282\u80fd\u673a\u5236\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61373161","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1998944191","https://openalex.org/W2000687010","https://openalex.org/W2025259944","https://openalex.org/W2034161544","https://openalex.org/W2083980757","https://openalex.org/W2113244099","https://openalex.org/W2122456251","https://openalex.org/W2135296405","https://openalex.org/W2166735191","https://openalex.org/W2325877089","https://openalex.org/W2373123279"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975451135","https://openalex.org/W917005982","https://openalex.org/W2148549110","https://openalex.org/W2295628284","https://openalex.org/W2890570089","https://openalex.org/W3095958166","https://openalex.org/W2129477171","https://openalex.org/W2593729912","https://openalex.org/W3148968234","https://openalex.org/W2012250365"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Transmission":[0],"links":[1],"in":[2,37,65,71,79,83],"wireless":[3],"sensor":[4,50,63,77],"networks":[5],"(WSNs)":[6],"are":[7,101],"prone":[8],"to":[9,103],"failure":[10,121],"because":[11],"of":[12,18,46,98],"breakdown,":[13],"movement,":[14],"and":[15,57,106,117],"energy":[16],"depletion":[17],"nodes.":[19,59,108],"Aiming":[20],"at":[21],"node-intensive":[22],"environment,":[23],"this":[24],"paper":[25],"proposes":[26],"a":[27,72,76,80,99],"highly":[28],"reliable":[29],"forwarding":[30,91],"model":[31,113],"based":[32],"on":[33],"virtual":[34,42],"nodes":[35,64],"(HRVN)":[36],"tree-based":[38],"topology":[39],"networks.":[40],"A":[41],"node":[43,56,78],"(VN)":[44],"consists":[45],"several":[47],"neighboring":[48],"physical":[49,62],"nodes,":[51],"which":[52],"have":[53],"common":[54],"parent":[55,105],"children":[58,107],"Normally,":[60],"the":[61,66,85,95,112],"same":[67],"VN":[68,81,100],"forward":[69],"packets":[70],"load-balancing":[73],"scheme.":[74],"When":[75],"is":[82],"failure,":[84],"others":[86],"would":[87],"take":[88],"over":[89],"its":[90,104],"work":[92],"immediately.":[93],"Moreover,":[94],"internal":[96],"changes":[97],"transparent":[102],"The":[109],"experiments":[110],"prove":[111],"can":[114],"provide":[115],"load-balance":[116],"fast":[118],"recovery":[119],"from":[120],"with":[122],"low":[123],"cost.":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-06T09:05:17.133730","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
