{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2155901994","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/684952","title":"Anomaly Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Immune-Based Bioinspired Mechanism","display_name":"Anomaly Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Immune-Based Bioinspired Mechanism","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2155901994","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/684952","mag":"2155901994"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2015/684952","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/684952","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64417657","display_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-1329","issn":["1550-1329","1550-1477"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/684952","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021130598","display_name":"Ramsha Rizwan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0848-2246"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201384688","display_name":"National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/003eyb898","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201384688"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramsha Rizwan","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, A. K. Brohi Road, H-11/4, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0848-2246","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, A. K. Brohi Road, H-11/4, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201384688"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Farrukh Aslam Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1440-1222"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farrukh Aslam Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["King Saud University, Riyadh 11653, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1440-1222","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Saud University, Riyadh 11653, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100777102","display_name":"Haider Abbas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2437-4870"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haider Abbas","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Sciences & Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Sciences & Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022174447","display_name":"Sajjad Hussain Chauhdary","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8552-5786"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136610","display_name":"LSIS (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/03v1bhv69","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136610"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sajjad Hussain Chauhdary","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advance Technology R&D Center, LSIS Co., Ltd., Anyang 431-080, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advance Technology R&D Center, LSIS Co., Ltd., Anyang 431-080, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136610"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"fwci":1.5962,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82610364,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2015","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12391","display_name":"Artificial Immune Systems Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12391","display_name":"Artificial Immune Systems Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9595999717712402,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9190999865531921,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8397091627120972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.7392814755439758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ant-colony-optimization-algorithms","display_name":"Ant colony optimization algorithms","score":0.719386100769043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrusion-detection-system","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","score":0.7191171050071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.6349174380302429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.6300391554832458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.6288635730743408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5330240726470947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.5091883540153503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.4786892533302307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.42529892921447754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3533238172531128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3335384130477905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2039673924446106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.19383719563484192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07655447721481323}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8397091627120972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.7392814755439758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40128228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q460851","display_name":"Ant colony optimization algorithms","level":2,"score":0.719386100769043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.7191171050071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.6349174380302429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.6300391554832458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.6288635730743408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5330240726470947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.5091883540153503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.4786892533302307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.42529892921447754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3533238172531128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3335384130477905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2039673924446106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.19383719563484192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07655447721481323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2015/684952","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/684952","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64417657","display_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-1329","issn":["1550-1329","1550-1477"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:sae:intdis:v:11:y:2015:i:10:p:684952","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1155/2015/684952","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:10e07a43ae024b988665bbb07270614e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/10e07a43ae024b988665bbb07270614e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, Vol 11 (2015)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2015/684952","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/684952","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64417657","display_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-1329","issn":["1550-1329","1550-1477"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W47109092","https://openalex.org/W178407265","https://openalex.org/W1489310141","https://openalex.org/W1504979306","https://openalex.org/W1534308464","https://openalex.org/W1699101073","https://openalex.org/W1969609037","https://openalex.org/W1985231046","https://openalex.org/W1989650021","https://openalex.org/W2021135079","https://openalex.org/W2041456014","https://openalex.org/W2044666535","https://openalex.org/W2082384736","https://openalex.org/W2082443476","https://openalex.org/W2083192667","https://openalex.org/W2102161440","https://openalex.org/W2109473289","https://openalex.org/W2113613181","https://openalex.org/W2121720842","https://openalex.org/W2129624205","https://openalex.org/W2130683417","https://openalex.org/W2139669429","https://openalex.org/W2142669511","https://openalex.org/W2144058528","https://openalex.org/W2150496197","https://openalex.org/W2162853743","https://openalex.org/W2338717024","https://openalex.org/W4205300089"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2182624400","https://openalex.org/W2767428579","https://openalex.org/W2365800168","https://openalex.org/W1992807692","https://openalex.org/W2078492738","https://openalex.org/W3014549013","https://openalex.org/W2366876790","https://openalex.org/W1971984784","https://openalex.org/W4366203707","https://openalex.org/W2106446701"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"During":[0],"the":[1,84,96,110,118,140,161,167,185,194,202],"past":[2],"few":[3],"years,":[4],"we":[5,73,94],"have":[6,24,43],"seen":[7],"a":[8,26,75,101,157],"tremendous":[9],"increase":[10],"in":[11,16,30,89,170,199],"various":[12],"kinds":[13],"of":[14,28,83,142,166,193,201],"anomalies":[15,87,122],"Wireless":[17],"Sensor":[18],"Network":[19],"(WSN)":[20],"communication.":[21],"Recently,":[22],"researchers":[23],"shown":[25],"lot":[27],"interest":[29],"applying":[31],"biologically":[32],"inspired":[33],"systems":[34],"for":[35,86,130,184],"solving":[36],"network":[37],"intrusion":[38],"detection":[39,88],"problems.":[40],"Several":[41],"solutions":[42],"been":[44],"proposed":[45,168,174,195],"using":[46,78],"Artificial":[47,55],"Immune":[48],"System":[49],"(AIS),":[50],"Ant":[51],"Colony":[52,57],"Optimization":[53,65],"(ACO),":[54],"Bee":[56],"(ABC)":[58],"algorithm,":[59],"Genetic":[60],"Algorithm":[61,81,182],"(GA),":[62],"Particle":[63],"Swarm":[64],"(PSO)":[66],"and":[67,99,115,121,146,151,160],"so":[68],"forth.":[69],"In":[70,137],"this":[71,92,138],"paper,":[72],"propose":[74],"bioinspired":[76],"solution":[77],"Negative":[79],"Selection":[80,181],"(NSA)":[82],"AIS":[85],"WSNs.":[90],"For":[91],"purpose,":[93],"implement":[95],"enhanced":[97],"NSA":[98,175,196],"make":[100],"detector":[102,119],"set":[103,120],"that":[104],"holds":[105],"anomalous":[106],"packets":[107,112,127,144,147],"only.":[108],"Then":[109],"random":[111],"are":[113,123,128,149,154],"tested":[114],"matched":[116],"with":[117,179],"identified.":[124,152],"Anomalous":[125],"data":[126],"used":[129],"further":[131],"processing":[132],"to":[133],"identify":[134],"specific":[135],"anomalies.":[136,172],"way,":[139],"number":[141],"wormholes,":[143],"delayed,":[145],"dropped":[148],"calculated":[150],"Simulations":[153],"performed":[155],"on":[156],"large":[158],"dataset":[159],"results":[162,189],"show":[163,190],"high":[164],"accuracy":[165],"algorithm":[169],"detecting":[171],"The":[173,188],"is":[176],"also":[177],"compared":[178],"Clonal":[180],"(CSA)":[183],"same":[186],"dataset.":[187],"significant":[191],"improvement":[192],"over":[197],"CSA":[198],"most":[200],"cases.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
