{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2083160866","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/848593","title":"Quality Improvement Policies in a Supply Chain with Stackelberg Games","display_name":"Quality Improvement Policies in a Supply Chain with Stackelberg Games","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2083160866","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/848593","mag":"2083160866"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2014/848593","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/848593","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jam/2014/848593.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190082376","display_name":"Journal of Applied Mathematics","issn_l":"1110-757X","issn":["1110-757X","1687-0042"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jam/2014/848593.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103249813","display_name":"Gang Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1421-4838"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120485","display_name":"Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science","ror":"https://ror.org/02jkmyk67","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210120485"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gang Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1421-4838","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210120485"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051532910","display_name":"Wuyi Yue","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15991598","display_name":"Konan University","ror":"https://ror.org/059b5pb30","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15991598"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wuyi Yue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Intelligence and Informatics, Konan University, 8-9-1 Okamoto, Kobe 658-8501, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligence and Informatics, Konan University, 8-9-1 Okamoto, Kobe 658-8501, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15991598"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078558986","display_name":"Shouyang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5773-998X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120485","display_name":"Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science","ror":"https://ror.org/02jkmyk67","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210120485"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shouyang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210120485"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103249813"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210120485"],"apc_list":{"value":1130,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1130},"apc_paid":{"value":1130,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1130},"fwci":3.2422,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91896236,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"2014","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10328","display_name":"Supply Chain and Inventory Management","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10328","display_name":"Supply Chain and Inventory Management","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10539","display_name":"Sustainable Supply Chain Management","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10164","display_name":"Quality and Supply Management","score":0.9779000282287598,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stackelberg-competition","display_name":"Stackelberg competition","score":0.992591381072998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supply-chain","display_name":"Supply chain","score":0.8422508239746094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.6780684590339661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pareto-principle","display_name":"Pareto principle","score":0.6690791845321655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pareto-optimal","display_name":"Pareto optimal","score":0.5635874271392822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5257476568222046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.41811397671699524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.3837648928165436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-organization","display_name":"Industrial organization","score":0.3449613153934479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-economics","display_name":"Environmental economics","score":0.33106017112731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.30366402864456177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-objective-optimization","display_name":"Multi-objective optimization","score":0.27262911200523376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.19169551134109497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1290605068206787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.10188314318656921}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199510392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184602","display_name":"Stackelberg competition","level":2,"score":0.992591381072998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108713360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1824206","display_name":"Supply chain","level":2,"score":0.8422508239746094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6780684590339661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137635306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182667","display_name":"Pareto principle","level":2,"score":0.6690791845321655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986314615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36829","display_name":"Pareto optimal","level":3,"score":0.5635874271392822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5257476568222046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.41811397671699524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.3837648928165436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.3449613153934479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.33106017112731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.30366402864456177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68781425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2052203","display_name":"Multi-objective optimization","level":2,"score":0.27262911200523376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.19169551134109497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1290605068206787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.10188314318656921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2014/848593","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/848593","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jam/2014/848593.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190082376","display_name":"Journal of Applied Mathematics","issn_l":"1110-757X","issn":["1110-757X","1687-0042"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CULeuclid:euclid.jam/1412177644","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://projecteuclid.org/euclid.jam/1412177644","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400787","display_name":"Project Euclid (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:hin:jnljam:848593","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/JAM/2014/848593.xml","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:080806cd257d449584e83df41425c649","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/080806cd257d449584e83df41425c649","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Mathematics, Vol 2014 (2014)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2014/848593","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/848593","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jam/2014/848593.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190082376","display_name":"Journal of Applied Mathematics","issn_l":"1110-757X","issn":["1110-757X","1687-0042"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1846091055","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"71372176","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320005","funder_display_name":"Royal Academy of Engineering"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2455081758","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"71372176","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320912","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8052348260","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u504f\u597d\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u8d28\u91cf\u6295\u8d44\u535a\u5f08\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u6539\u8fdb\u7b56\u7565\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"71372176","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320005","display_name":"Royal Academy of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/0526snb40"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320912","display_name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/048rj2z13"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2083160866.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2083160866.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980029862","https://openalex.org/W1987950870","https://openalex.org/W1991620904","https://openalex.org/W1997439963","https://openalex.org/W2002081292","https://openalex.org/W2003973838","https://openalex.org/W2017358573","https://openalex.org/W2025682077","https://openalex.org/W2027727781","https://openalex.org/W2029031896","https://openalex.org/W2050438230","https://openalex.org/W2051715878","https://openalex.org/W2055107898","https://openalex.org/W2062514218","https://openalex.org/W2065407658","https://openalex.org/W2071327713","https://openalex.org/W2082887925","https://openalex.org/W2083237623","https://openalex.org/W2086889455","https://openalex.org/W2094700930","https://openalex.org/W2098007102","https://openalex.org/W2102877059","https://openalex.org/W2103449039","https://openalex.org/W2112186058","https://openalex.org/W2114087331","https://openalex.org/W2114427504","https://openalex.org/W2119406282","https://openalex.org/W2122109421","https://openalex.org/W2127236685","https://openalex.org/W2153159747","https://openalex.org/W2157406401","https://openalex.org/W2157733111","https://openalex.org/W2158224952","https://openalex.org/W2160628452","https://openalex.org/W2162817046"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1991770019","https://openalex.org/W4312790552","https://openalex.org/W3175316135","https://openalex.org/W2378529296","https://openalex.org/W4365459581","https://openalex.org/W116270818","https://openalex.org/W63858031","https://openalex.org/W4385233707","https://openalex.org/W2083160866","https://openalex.org/W2057933661"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"first":[1],"analyze":[2],"quality":[3,32,73],"and":[4,18,36,54,62],"price":[5],"decisions":[6],"in":[7,51],"a":[8],"supply":[9,82],"chain":[10,83],"with":[11],"two":[12],"Stackelberg":[13,16,20],"games:":[14],"Manufacturer\u2019s":[15],"(MS)":[17],"Supplier\u2019s":[19],"(SS).":[21],"Then,":[22],"we":[23,40],"investigate":[24],"how":[25],"equilibrium":[26],"solutions":[27],"are":[28,66],"influenced":[29],"by":[30],"proposed":[31,72],"improvement":[33,74,79],"policies:":[34],"coordination":[35],"manufacturer\u2019s":[37],"involvement.":[38],"Also,":[39],"derive":[41],"the":[42,46,60,81],"conditions":[43],"under":[44],"which":[45],"policies":[47,75],"can":[48,76],"be":[49],"implemented":[50],"both":[52],"MS":[53],"SS":[55],"strategies.":[56],"Numerical":[57],"experiments":[58],"illustrate":[59],"problems":[61],"several":[63],"related":[64],"issues":[65],"discussed.":[67],"The":[68],"results":[69],"suggest":[70],"that":[71],"realize":[77],"Pareto":[78],"for":[80],"performance.":[84]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
