{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2002991139","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/645064","title":"MACT: A Manageable Minimization Allocation System","display_name":"MACT: A Manageable Minimization Allocation System","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2002991139","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/645064","mag":"2002991139","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24701251"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2014/645064","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/645064","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cmmm/2014/645064.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S36980176","display_name":"Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine","issn_l":"1748-670X","issn":["1748-670X","1748-6718"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cmmm/2014/645064.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027995560","display_name":"Yan Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7577-6845"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12411659","display_name":"Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05dfcz246","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12411659"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Common Required Courses, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China","School of Computer Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Common Required Courses, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12411659"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060759526","display_name":"Huaien Bu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6616-2959"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12411659","display_name":"Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05dfcz246","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12411659"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huaien Bu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12411659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100782957","display_name":"Hongwu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0449-715X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12411659","display_name":"Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05dfcz246","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12411659"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hongwu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0449-715X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12411659"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089843351","display_name":"Shizhong Liao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0594-7116"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shizhong Liao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100782957"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12411659"],"apc_list":{"value":2550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2550},"apc_paid":{"value":2550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2550},"fwci":0.3057,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61136159,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"2014","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10845","display_name":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","score":0.2362000048160553,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10845","display_name":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","score":0.2362000048160553,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10206","display_name":"Meta-analysis and systematic reviews","score":0.19460000097751617,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11235","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials","score":0.11320000141859055,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minification","display_name":"Minification","score":0.8709337711334229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7369537353515625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomization","display_name":"Randomization","score":0.5690826773643494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-minimization-analysis","display_name":"Cost-minimization analysis","score":0.41525495052337646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.34699171781539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomized-controlled-trial","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","score":0.326993852853775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.13095057010650635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12348833680152893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgery","display_name":"Surgery","score":0.07961028814315796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.07341516017913818}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.8709337711334229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7369537353515625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204243189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1363085","display_name":"Randomization","level":3,"score":0.5690826773643494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781072439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5174738","display_name":"Cost-minimization analysis","level":2,"score":0.41525495052337646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.34699171781539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.326993852853775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.13095057010650635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12348833680152893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.07961028814315796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.07341516017913818}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011897","descriptor_name":"Random Allocation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011897","descriptor_name":"Random Allocation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011897","descriptor_name":"Random Allocation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012107","descriptor_name":"Research Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012107","descriptor_name":"Research Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012107","descriptor_name":"Research Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2014/645064","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/645064","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cmmm/2014/645064.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S36980176","display_name":"Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine","issn_l":"1748-670X","issn":["1748-670X","1748-6718"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:24701251","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24701251","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational and mathematical methods in medicine","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2956115","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3950830","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2014/645064","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/645064","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cmmm/2014/645064.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S36980176","display_name":"Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine","issn_l":"1748-670X","issn":["1748-670X","1748-6718"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3802086579","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2011CB505406","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2002991139.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2002991139.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1819863231","https://openalex.org/W2000366267","https://openalex.org/W2013350088","https://openalex.org/W2028021641","https://openalex.org/W2033910767","https://openalex.org/W2063254667","https://openalex.org/W2080549615","https://openalex.org/W2090492795","https://openalex.org/W2093160946","https://openalex.org/W2095359824","https://openalex.org/W2103196281","https://openalex.org/W2108361431","https://openalex.org/W2138349066","https://openalex.org/W2138745909","https://openalex.org/W2139212933","https://openalex.org/W2143426320","https://openalex.org/W2168662911","https://openalex.org/W2169571021","https://openalex.org/W2467022164","https://openalex.org/W3193477162"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2994435929","https://openalex.org/W2586650731","https://openalex.org/W1988356095","https://openalex.org/W1999967090","https://openalex.org/W2414969066","https://openalex.org/W2188642196","https://openalex.org/W2925167642","https://openalex.org/W2041828149","https://openalex.org/W2117247778","https://openalex.org/W2086972635"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Minimization":[1],"is":[2,52,178],"a":[3,72,92,132,179],"case":[4,182],"allocation":[5,42,67,76,85,183,196],"method":[6,17,51],"for":[7],"randomized":[8],"controlled":[9,68],"trials":[10,69],"(RCT).":[11],"Evidence":[12],"suggests":[13],"that":[14,95,121,159],"the":[15,49,65,171,174,194],"minimization":[16,50,66,75,84,142,195],"achieves":[18],"balanced":[19],"groups":[20,147],"with":[21],"respect":[22],"to":[23,35,55,139,192],"numbers":[24],"and":[25,28,47,57,88,99,110,136,148,168],"participant":[26],"characteristics,":[27],"can":[29],"incorporate":[30],"more":[31,190],"prognostic":[32,108],"factors":[33],"compared":[34],"other":[36],"randomization":[37],"methods.":[38],"Although":[39],"several":[40],"automatic":[41],"systems":[43],"exist":[44],"(e.g.,":[45],"randoWeb,":[46],"MagMin),":[48],"still":[53],"difficult":[54],"implement,":[56],"RCTs":[58,158,191],"seldom":[59],"employ":[60],"minimization.":[61],"Therefore,":[62],"we":[63],"developed":[64],"(MACT)":[70],"system,":[71],"generic":[73],"manageable":[74],"system.":[77,184],"SYSTEM":[78],"OUTLINE:":[79],"The":[80],"MACT":[81,116,128,152,166,177],"system":[82],"implements":[83],"by":[86],"Web":[87],"email.":[89],"It":[90,101],"has":[91,153],"unified":[93],"interface":[94],"manages":[96],"trials,":[97],"participants,":[98],"allocation.":[100],"simultaneously":[102,169],"supports":[103],"multitrials,":[104],"multicenters,":[105],"multigrouping,":[106],"multiple":[107],"factors,":[109],"multilevels.":[111],"METHODS:":[112],"Unlike":[113],"previous":[114],"systems,":[115],"utilizes":[117],"an":[118],"optimized":[119],"database":[120],"greatly":[122],"improves":[123],"manageability.":[124],"SIMULATIONS":[125],"AND":[126],"RESULTS:":[127],"was":[129],"assessed":[130],"in":[131,156],"series":[133],"of":[134,173],"experiments":[135],"evaluations.":[137],"Relative":[138],"simple":[140],"randomization,":[141],"produces":[143],"better":[144],"balance":[145],"among":[146],"similar":[149],"unpredictability.":[150],"APPLICATIONS:":[151],"been":[154],"employed":[155],"two":[157],"lasted":[160],"three":[161],"years.":[162],"During":[163],"this":[164],"period,":[165],"steadily":[167],"satisfied":[170],"requirements":[172],"trial.":[175],"CONCLUSIONS:":[176],"manageable,":[180],"easy-to-use":[181],"Its":[185],"outstanding":[186],"features":[187],"are":[188],"attracting":[189],"use":[193],"method.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}