{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2052520572","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/376456","title":"High-Speed GPU-Based Fully Three-Dimensional Diffuse Optical Tomographic System","display_name":"High-Speed GPU-Based Fully Three-Dimensional Diffuse Optical Tomographic System","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2052520572","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/376456","mag":"2052520572","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24891848"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2014/376456","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/376456","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ijbi/2014/376456.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108408918","display_name":"International Journal of Biomedical Imaging","issn_l":"1687-4188","issn":["1687-4188","1687-4196"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Biomedical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ijbi/2014/376456.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030603016","display_name":"Manob Jyoti Saikia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6656-4333"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manob Jyoti Saikia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6656-4333","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101417738","display_name":"Rajan Kanhirodan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9923-6026"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rajan Kanhirodan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9923-6026","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108219781","display_name":"R. M. Vasu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ram Mohan Vasu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101417738"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"],"apc_list":{"value":900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":900},"apc_paid":{"value":900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":900},"fwci":1.3779,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81141859,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2014","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10977","display_name":"Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10977","display_name":"Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12015","display_name":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11778","display_name":"Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography","score":0.9857000112533569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cuda","display_name":"CUDA","score":0.8564009070396423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8300752639770508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matlab","display_name":"MATLAB","score":0.6902757287025452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-science","display_name":"Computational science","score":0.669151782989502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics-processing-unit","display_name":"Graphics processing unit","score":0.5795465707778931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.5553315877914429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discretization","display_name":"Discretization","score":0.5477705001831055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speedup","display_name":"Speedup","score":0.452411413192749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4424019455909729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.42409682273864746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.4114611744880676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.36587631702423096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.22467315196990967}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778119891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477690","display_name":"CUDA","level":2,"score":0.8564009070396423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8300752639770508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780365114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169478","display_name":"MATLAB","level":2,"score":0.6902757287025452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C459310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117801","display_name":"Computational science","level":1,"score":0.669151782989502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779851693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183484","display_name":"Graphics processing unit","level":2,"score":0.5795465707778931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.5553315877914429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73000952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17007827","display_name":"Discretization","level":2,"score":0.5477705001831055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68339613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1549489","display_name":"Speedup","level":2,"score":0.452411413192749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4424019455909729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.42409682273864746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.4114611744880676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.36587631702423096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.22467315196990967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2014/376456","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/376456","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ijbi/2014/376456.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108408918","display_name":"International Journal of Biomedical Imaging","issn_l":"1687-4188","issn":["1687-4188","1687-4196"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Biomedical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:24891848","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24891848","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of biomedical imaging","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:78b585f3ad9c418ebf6600cbd19df950","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/78b585f3ad9c418ebf6600cbd19df950","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Biomedical Imaging, Vol 2014 (2014)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:3017761","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4003791","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2014/376456","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/376456","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ijbi/2014/376456.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108408918","display_name":"International Journal of Biomedical Imaging","issn_l":"1687-4188","issn":["1687-4188","1687-4196"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Biomedical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G126107368","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DST 1163","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320768","funder_display_name":"Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3653149866","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BRNS 2012/36/56-BRNS-2884","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320768","funder_display_name":"Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320719","display_name":"Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","ror":"https://ror.org/0101xrq71"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320768","display_name":"Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India","ror":"https://ror.org/02m388s04"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335179","display_name":"Board of Research in Nuclear Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02m388s04"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2052520572.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2052520572.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W138212814","https://openalex.org/W1967863802","https://openalex.org/W1971997342","https://openalex.org/W1972201032","https://openalex.org/W1977822596","https://openalex.org/W1991232860","https://openalex.org/W2007318338","https://openalex.org/W2017092267","https://openalex.org/W2020784063","https://openalex.org/W2023648587","https://openalex.org/W2026592776","https://openalex.org/W2033106066","https://openalex.org/W2034040036","https://openalex.org/W2036256630","https://openalex.org/W2038174079","https://openalex.org/W2047654858","https://openalex.org/W2051492340","https://openalex.org/W2069009977","https://openalex.org/W2087070363","https://openalex.org/W2094440496","https://openalex.org/W2095211439","https://openalex.org/W2095734710","https://openalex.org/W2096734493","https://openalex.org/W2098547420","https://openalex.org/W2104644662","https://openalex.org/W2107128221","https://openalex.org/W2118594065","https://openalex.org/W2127641858","https://openalex.org/W2144255930","https://openalex.org/W2149058861","https://openalex.org/W2151904753","https://openalex.org/W2160332416","https://openalex.org/W2161169693","https://openalex.org/W2168260062","https://openalex.org/W2169523701","https://openalex.org/W2256578114","https://openalex.org/W2542685526","https://openalex.org/W3135227555"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2983282793","https://openalex.org/W2020279179","https://openalex.org/W2503137108","https://openalex.org/W2119534391","https://openalex.org/W1966576946","https://openalex.org/W2023770367","https://openalex.org/W2062253548","https://openalex.org/W2393490604","https://openalex.org/W2393707426","https://openalex.org/W2022772718"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"have":[1],"developed":[2,79],"a":[3,27,170],"graphics":[4],"processor":[5],"unit":[6],"(GPU-)":[7],"based":[8,172,181],"high-speed":[9],"fully":[10],"3D":[11,24],"system":[12,122],"for":[13,46,106,125,156,163,169,175],"diffuse":[14],"optical":[15],"tomography":[16],"(DOT).":[17],"The":[18,110,130,151,178,187],"reduction":[19],"in":[20,80],"execution":[21],"time":[22,112],"of":[23,37,75,113,159,190],"DOT":[25,76,161],"algorithm,":[26],"severely":[28],"ill-posed":[29],"problem,":[30],"is":[31,123,142,166,195],"made":[32],"possible":[33],"through":[34],"the":[35,48,54,59,114,120,139,160],"use":[36],"(1)":[38,83],"an":[39],"algorithmic":[40],"improvement":[41],"that":[42],"uses":[43,133],"Broyden":[44],"approach":[45],"updating":[47,53],"Jacobian":[49],"matrix":[50,56],"and":[51,57,63,92,119,127,138,147],"thereby":[52],"parameter":[55],"(2)":[58,97],"multinode":[60],"multithreaded":[61],"GPU":[62,73,90,107,121,173,182],"CUDA":[64,91],"(Compute":[65],"Unified":[66],"Device":[67],"Architecture)":[68],"software":[69],"architecture.":[70],"Two":[71],"different":[72],"implementations":[74],"programs":[77],"are":[78],"this":[81],"study:":[82],"conventional":[84],"C":[85,126,171],"language":[86],"program":[87,99,174,183],"augmented":[88],"by":[89,101],"CULA":[93],"routines":[94],"(C":[95],"GPU),":[96],"MATLAB":[98,102,180],"supported":[100],"parallel":[103],"computing":[104],"toolkit":[105],"(MATLAB":[108],"GPU).":[109],"computation":[111,132],"algorithm":[115],"on":[116],"host":[117],"CPU":[118],"presented":[124],"Matlab":[128],"implementations.":[129],"forward":[131],"finite":[134],"element":[135],"method":[136],"(FEM)":[137],"problem":[140],"domain":[141],"discretized":[143],"into":[144],"14610,":[145],"30823,":[146],"66514":[148],"tetrahedral":[149],"elements.":[150],"reconstruction":[152,162],"time,":[153],"so":[154,193],"achieved":[155,194],"one":[157],"iteration":[158],"14610":[164],"elements,":[165],"0.52":[167],"seconds":[168],"2-plane":[176],"measurements.":[177],"corresponding":[179],"took":[184],"0.86":[185],"seconds.":[186],"maximum":[188],"number":[189],"reconstructed":[191],"frames":[192,197],"2":[196],"per":[198],"second.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T09:19:25.381259","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}