{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2140228648","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/481570","title":"Towards Robust Routing in Three-Dimensional Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks","display_name":"Towards Robust Routing in Three-Dimensional Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2140228648","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/481570","mag":"2140228648"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2013/481570","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/481570","pdf_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1155/2013/481570","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64417657","display_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-1329","issn":["1550-1329","1550-1477"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1155/2013/481570","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100629748","display_name":"Ming Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3266-2258"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96733725","display_name":"Shanghai Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/04z7qrj66","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96733725"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ming Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, 1550 Haigang Avenue, Shanghai 201306, China","Shanghai Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China","1 College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, 1550 Haigang Avenue, Shanghai 201306, China","2 Shanghai Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3266-2258","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, 1550 Haigang Avenue, Shanghai 201306, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96733725"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, 1550 Haigang Avenue, Shanghai 201306, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96733725"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"2 Shanghai Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040722428","display_name":"Guangzhong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0325-6760"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96733725","display_name":"Shanghai Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/04z7qrj66","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96733725"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangzhong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, 1550 Haigang Avenue, Shanghai 201306, China","1 College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, 1550 Haigang Avenue, Shanghai 201306, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, 1550 Haigang Avenue, Shanghai 201306, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96733725"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, 1550 Haigang Avenue, Shanghai 201306, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96733725"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058026627","display_name":"Huafeng Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3150-3407"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96733725","display_name":"Shanghai Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/04z7qrj66","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96733725"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huafeng Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, 1550 Haigang Avenue, Shanghai 201306, China","3 Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, 1550 Haigang Avenue, Shanghai 201306, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, 1550 Haigang Avenue, Shanghai 201306, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96733725"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"3 Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, 1550 Haigang Avenue, Shanghai 201306, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96733725"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042752921","display_name":"Wei Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1166-5836"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96733725","display_name":"Shanghai Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/04z7qrj66","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96733725"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, 1550 Haigang Avenue, Shanghai 201306, China","1 College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, 1550 Haigang Avenue, Shanghai 201306, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, 1550 Haigang Avenue, Shanghai 201306, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96733725"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, 1550 Haigang Avenue, Shanghai 201306, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96733725"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100629748"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067","https://openalex.org/I96733725"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"fwci":2.3888,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89059898,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"11","first_page":"481570","last_page":"481570"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.987500011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8541629314422607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backup","display_name":"Backup","score":0.7776575088500977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.7673426866531372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.6560438871383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6235248446464539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.5649452805519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.47103434801101685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.45427262783050537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.34889230132102966}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8541629314422607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780945871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194274","display_name":"Backup","level":2,"score":0.7776575088500977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.7673426866531372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.6560438871383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6235248446464539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.5649452805519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.47103434801101685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.45427262783050537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.34889230132102966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2013/481570","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/481570","pdf_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1155/2013/481570","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64417657","display_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-1329","issn":["1550-1329","1550-1477"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:sae:intdis:v:9:y:2013:i:11:p:481570","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1155/2013/481570","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f0cee4653f034591b1ea7a19c1fa7795","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f0cee4653f034591b1ea7a19c1fa7795","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, Vol 9 (2013)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2013/481570","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/481570","pdf_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1155/2013/481570","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64417657","display_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-1329","issn":["1550-1329","1550-1477"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4454591167","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51279099","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5653736576","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61202370","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6506530622","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IIPL-2011-008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6792307037","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"11PJ1404300","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G850024718","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"14YZ110","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2140228648.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W58949250","https://openalex.org/W944377494","https://openalex.org/W1554648094","https://openalex.org/W1572481965","https://openalex.org/W1604225584","https://openalex.org/W1985419877","https://openalex.org/W1999868540","https://openalex.org/W2033634203","https://openalex.org/W2038463591","https://openalex.org/W2040924935","https://openalex.org/W2048442728","https://openalex.org/W2061920930","https://openalex.org/W2062758971","https://openalex.org/W2078372890","https://openalex.org/W2099052762","https://openalex.org/W2105564986","https://openalex.org/W2107201417","https://openalex.org/W2117082355","https://openalex.org/W2118553252","https://openalex.org/W2145726195","https://openalex.org/W2148747834","https://openalex.org/W2150397151","https://openalex.org/W2153733832","https://openalex.org/W2160326135","https://openalex.org/W2164343148","https://openalex.org/W2167255935","https://openalex.org/W2167582408","https://openalex.org/W2170388813","https://openalex.org/W2171273926","https://openalex.org/W2172046421","https://openalex.org/W2264508442","https://openalex.org/W2331189075","https://openalex.org/W4235191618"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2955195711","https://openalex.org/W2354454611","https://openalex.org/W2993266126","https://openalex.org/W2392283887","https://openalex.org/W2351388597","https://openalex.org/W2939925694","https://openalex.org/W2829881200","https://openalex.org/W2184647741","https://openalex.org/W1974217798","https://openalex.org/W137535787"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"areas":[1],"of":[2,31,75,149],"three-dimensional":[3],"(3D)":[4],"underwater":[5,73],"wireless":[6],"sensor":[7,81,110],"networks":[8],"(UWSNs)":[9],"have":[10],"attracted":[11],"significant":[12],"attention":[13],"recently":[14],"due":[15,49],"to":[16,50,68,91,118],"their":[17,115],"applications":[18],"in":[19],"detecting":[20],"and":[21,53,96,104,143,157],"observing":[22],"phenomena":[23],"that":[24,66,136],"cannot":[25],"be":[26],"adequately":[27],"observed":[28],"by":[29],"means":[30],"two-dimensional":[32],"UWSNs.":[33,77],"However,":[34],"designing":[35],"routing":[36,125],"protocols":[37],"for":[38,100],"UWSNs":[39],"is":[40,127],"a":[41,61,83],"challenging":[42],"task":[43],"because":[44],"path":[45,126],"breakage":[46],"occurs":[47],"frequently":[48],"uncertain":[51],"node":[52,142],"link":[54,144],"failures.":[55],"In":[56,78],"this":[57],"paper,":[58],"we":[59],"present":[60],"Robust":[62],"Routing":[63],"Protocol":[64],"(RRP)":[65],"aims":[67],"achieve":[69],"robustness":[70],"under":[71],"harsh":[72],"conditions":[74],"3D":[76],"RRP,":[79],"each":[80],"has":[82],"data":[84,107],"structure":[85],"called":[86],"backup":[87,94,98,131],"bin,":[88],"which":[89],"allows":[90],"construct":[92],"main":[93,124],"links":[95,99,103,121],"auxiliary":[97],"repairing":[101],"failed":[102],"ensuring":[105],"normal":[106],"delivery.":[108],"Moreover,":[109],"nodes":[111],"can":[112,140],"also":[113],"enlarge":[114],"transmission":[116],"range":[117],"build":[119],"new":[120],"when":[122],"the":[123,137],"not":[128],"reachable":[129],"through":[130],"links.":[132],"Simulation":[133],"results":[134],"show":[135],"proposed":[138],"protocol":[139],"reduce":[141],"failures'":[145],"impact":[146],"on":[147],"metrics":[148],"packet":[150],"delivery":[151],"ratio,":[152],"network":[153],"throughput,":[154],"energy":[155],"consumption,":[156],"average":[158],"end-to-end":[159],"delay.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
