{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2014249522","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/716476","title":"Cognitive Radio RF: Overview and Challenges","display_name":"Cognitive Radio RF: Overview and Challenges","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2014249522","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/716476","mag":"2014249522"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2012/716476","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/716476","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/2012/716476.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S81291924","display_name":"VLSI design","issn_l":"1026-7123","issn":["1026-7123","1065-514X","1563-5171"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"VLSI Design","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/2012/716476.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101833923","display_name":"Van Tam Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9111-4393"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205703379","display_name":"Institut Mines-T\u00e9l\u00e9com","ror":"https://ror.org/025vp2923","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205703379"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165912","display_name":"Laboratoire Traitement et Communication de l\u2019Information","ror":"https://ror.org/057er4c39","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12356871","https://openalex.org/I205703379","https://openalex.org/I4210145102","https://openalex.org/I4210165912"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12356871","display_name":"T\u00e9l\u00e9com Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/01naq7912","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12356871","https://openalex.org/I205703379","https://openalex.org/I4210145102"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Van Tam Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut Mines-Telecom, Telecom ParisTech, LTCI CNRS UMR 5141, 75634 Paris","Institut Mines Telecom, Telecom ParisTech-LTCI CNRS UMR 5141, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Mines-Telecom, Telecom ParisTech, LTCI CNRS UMR 5141, 75634 Paris","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165912","https://openalex.org/I205703379","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Mines Telecom, Telecom ParisTech-LTCI CNRS UMR 5141, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205703379","https://openalex.org/I12356871","https://openalex.org/I4210165912","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024574838","display_name":"F. Villain","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161779","display_name":"Campbell Collaboration","ror":"https://ror.org/05stzyr92","country_code":"NO","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161779"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frederic Villain","raw_affiliation_strings":["BL TV Front End, NXP, 14460 Colombelles","BL TV Front End, NXP, Colombelles, France#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BL TV Front End, NXP, 14460 Colombelles","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161779"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"BL TV Front End, NXP, Colombelles, France#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004526063","display_name":"Yann Le Guillou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2885711838","display_name":"TDF (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/01866as23","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2885711838"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75636454","display_name":"Renesas Electronics (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/014775w70","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153176","https://openalex.org/I75636454"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153176","display_name":"Renesas Electronics (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/058wb7691","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153176"]}],"countries":["FR","JP","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yann Le Guillou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Renesas Mobile Corporation, 35517 Cesson Sevigne Cedex","Renesas Mobile Corporation, Cesson Sevigne, France#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Renesas Mobile Corporation, 35517 Cesson Sevigne Cedex","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75636454","https://openalex.org/I4210153176"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Renesas Mobile Corporation, Cesson Sevigne, France#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2885711838"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101833923"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12356871","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I205703379","https://openalex.org/I4210165912"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7262,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":63,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93383006,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2012","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.874506950378418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5044347047805786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.43521153926849365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency-engineering","display_name":"Radio-frequency engineering","score":0.4179522395133972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3423945903778076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.27023476362228394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.22008287906646729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-radio-head","display_name":"Remote radio head","score":0.17404010891914368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.1248273253440857}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.874506950378418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5044347047805786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.43521153926849365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205523678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1363977","display_name":"Radio-frequency engineering","level":5,"score":0.4179522395133972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3423945903778076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.27023476362228394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22008287906646729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101541887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1555675","display_name":"Remote radio head","level":4,"score":0.17404010891914368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.1248273253440857}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2012/716476","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/716476","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/2012/716476.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S81291924","display_name":"VLSI design","issn_l":"1026-7123","issn":["1026-7123","1065-514X","1563-5171"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"VLSI Design","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-02286318v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://telecom-paris.hal.science/hal-02286318","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"VLSI Design, 2012, 2012 (doi:10.1155/2012/716476)","raw_type":"Journal articles"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2012/716476","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/716476","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/2012/716476.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S81291924","display_name":"VLSI design","issn_l":"1026-7123","issn":["1026-7123","1065-514X","1563-5171"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"VLSI Design","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.550000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2014249522.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2014249522.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W158338813","https://openalex.org/W616265588","https://openalex.org/W1965786670","https://openalex.org/W1971614180","https://openalex.org/W1972216431","https://openalex.org/W1983071515","https://openalex.org/W1986170891","https://openalex.org/W2001456908","https://openalex.org/W2047747071","https://openalex.org/W2071707134","https://openalex.org/W2080515842","https://openalex.org/W2084206828","https://openalex.org/W2086364230","https://openalex.org/W2087010081","https://openalex.org/W2095809886","https://openalex.org/W2099557875","https://openalex.org/W2102586187","https://openalex.org/W2104728238","https://openalex.org/W2106988140","https://openalex.org/W2109814130","https://openalex.org/W2112875661","https://openalex.org/W2118309477","https://openalex.org/W2119021862","https://openalex.org/W2120080222","https://openalex.org/W2128711519","https://openalex.org/W2129463322","https://openalex.org/W2135600500","https://openalex.org/W2141248142","https://openalex.org/W2146167262","https://openalex.org/W2150397642","https://openalex.org/W2151045912","https://openalex.org/W2156860647","https://openalex.org/W2168078104","https://openalex.org/W2168859474","https://openalex.org/W2172139273"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4235820682","https://openalex.org/W3111668806","https://openalex.org/W2564217976","https://openalex.org/W3118428040","https://openalex.org/W2319779057","https://openalex.org/W2185389560","https://openalex.org/W2106460838","https://openalex.org/W2033764231","https://openalex.org/W1973979964","https://openalex.org/W2556036553"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cognitive":[0],"radio":[1,6,46,82,120],"system":[2,7],"(CRS)":[3],"is":[4,9,24,61,125],"a":[5,62,138],"which":[8,97,135],"aware":[10],"of":[11,77,90,104,118],"its":[12,20,31,40],"operational":[13,32],"and":[14,19,28,34,36,52,75,94,130,132],"geographical":[15],"environment,":[16],"established":[17],"policies,":[18],"internal":[21],"state.":[22],"It":[23],"able":[25],"to":[26,37,56],"dynamically":[27],"autonomously":[29],"adapt":[30],"parameters":[33],"protocols":[35],"learn":[38],"from":[39],"previous":[41],"experience.":[42],"Based":[43],"on":[44,81,126],"software\u2010defined":[45],"(SDR),":[47],"CRS":[48,60,78,142],"provides":[49],"additional":[50],"flexibility":[51],"offers":[53],"improved":[54],"efficiency":[55],"overall":[57],"spectrum":[58],"use.":[59],"disruptive":[63],"technology":[64],"targeting":[65],"very":[66,99],"high":[67],"spectral":[68],"efficiency.":[69],"This":[70],"paper":[71],"presents":[72],"an":[73],"overview":[74],"challenges":[76,117],"with":[79],"focus":[80,124],"frequency":[83],"(RF)":[84],"section.":[85],"We":[86,108],"summarize":[87],"the":[88,91,102],"status":[89],"related":[92],"regulation":[93],"standardization":[95],"activities":[96],"are":[98,136],"important":[100],"for":[101],"success":[103],"any":[105],"emerging":[106],"technology.":[107],"point":[109],"out":[110],"some":[111],"key":[112,139],"research":[113],"challenges,":[114],"especially":[115],"implementation":[116],"cognitive":[119],"(CR).":[121],"A":[122],"particular":[123],"RF":[127],"front\u2010end,":[128],"transceiver,":[129],"analog\u2010to\u2010digital":[131],"digital\u2010to\u2010analog":[133],"interfaces":[134],"still":[137],"bottleneck":[140],"in":[141],"development.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-07T13:39:58.223016","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
